具有不确定参数的机器人鲁棒轨迹跟踪控制

研究了具有不确定参数的机器人轨迹跟踪控制问题。提出了一种鲁棒控制方案,它由改进力矩发生器和鲁棒补偿器组成,理论分析及仿真实验表明,该控制方案具有较好的跟踪性能。     

基于LMI的具有一类不确定性数据的参数估计

 对于系数矩阵 A和观测向量b 存在不确定性的情况,本文提出了一种基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)的参数估计方法,这种方法适用于不确定性的先验界已知的情况.由此而得到的算法计算更为简单,实用并具有一般性.文中给出了计算公式的推导、解的分析,并针对几种特殊的情况进行了讨论.最后给出了仿真结果.     

基于参数估计的航空直流电动机虚拟测试系统

介绍了参数估计法(基于方脉冲函数与最小二乘法)应用于航空永磁直流电动机的虚拟测试系统原理.首先由参数法估计出电机的机电参数,然后通过电动机的机电参数与其多个物理量及特性之间的函数关系,得到相关的物理量和静、动态特性,并能进行故障检测与诊断.实现了该系统强大和完备的测试功能.      

基于 LSTM的飞控系统状态监控

监测飞控系统状态参数是保证无人机飞行安全的重要手段。针对无人机飞控系统的组成特点和飞行控制律,设计并构建了基于长短期记忆网络(Long Short Term Memory Network,LSTM)的飞控系统状态监控模型。首先,利用无人机历史飞参数据训练模型,建立输入飞参数据与状态参数的回归映射关系;然后,利用训练好的网络模型,实时预测飞控系统的状态参数,通过对比实测值与预测值之间的差异,实现飞控系统的状态监控。选取无人机飞参数据进行实验,基于 LSTM的算法比反向传播神经网络(BPNN)、支持向量机(SVM)预测精度高,MSE平均值分别低 0.01和 0.26,MAE平均值分别低 0.05和 0.12。结果表明,所提出的方法能够有效监控飞控系统,为无人机飞行管理决策提供数据支持。     

液体火箭发动机性能参数的贝叶斯评估方法

文章研究了如何利用发动机地面试验数据,来评估飞行中的性能参数及其可靠性。采用贝叶斯分析,研究给出了合理实用的先验分布及后验分布的求解,并给出了各参数及其性能可靠性的贝叶斯点估计和置信估计。     

一种改善飞行员抗荷服性能的新方法

在管式抗荷服的腹囊和两侧管囊间分别装上分压装置和泄压活门,将腹囊内的压力降至管囊内压力的40%左右.在管式抗荷服研制中采用这种新型的分压技术,克服了飞行员穿着时的腹部压痛问题,改善了其舒适性,提高了飞行员的正向过载防护能力.具有分压装置的新型抗荷服进行了10人次的离心机生理试验,在过载增长率3 G/s、最大试验过载9 G条件下,分压装置工作正常,装备抗荷效果达到了3.5 G.对60名歼击机飞行员调查表明,分压装置和泄压活门的大小、安装部位及其舒适性均可接受.该技术已用于其它新型管式抗荷服的设计中.      

自由涡数值计算的参数影响分析

介绍了自由涡方法中多个参数的影响,包括桨叶离散段数、有弯度翼型的涡网格密度、尾迹的长度.从桨叶根部到桨尖采用分区离散,内段区域离散稀疏,桨尖区域离散细密,根部区域的离散密度对计算结果影响不大,桨尖区域的离散密度对计算结果影响较大;采用涡网格模拟有弯度的翼型,涡网格的密度对计算结果有较大影响,但密度过大对于计算精度提高影响不大.悬停和小速度前飞状态,取9圈自由涡尾迹就能够得到较好的计算结果,爬升和大速度前飞状态下,取7圈自由涡就能够得到足够的计算精度.在上述参数中,自由涡圈数对计算时间的影响最大.      

Particle Acceleration Mechanisms

In this paper we review the possible mechanisms for production of non-thermal electrons which are responsible for the observed non-thermal radiation in clusters of galaxies. Our primary focus is on non-thermal Bremsstrahlung and inverse Compton scattering, that produce hard X-ray emission. We first give a brief review of acceleration mechanisms and point out that in most astrophysical situations, and in particular for the intracluster medium, shocks, turbulence and plasma waves play a crucial role. We also outline how the effects of the turbulence can be accounted for. Using a generic model for turbulence and acceleration, we then consider two scenarios for production of non-thermal radiation. The first is motivated by the possibility that hard X-ray emission is due to non-thermal Bremsstrahlung by nonrelativistic particles and attempts to produce non-thermal tails by accelerating the electrons from the background plasma with an initial Maxwellian distribution. For acceleration rates smaller than the Coulomb energy loss rate, the effect of energising the plasma is to primarily heat the plasma with little sign of a distinct non-thermal tail. Such tails are discernible only for acceleration rates comparable or larger than the Coulomb loss rate. However, these tails are accompanied by significant heating and they are present for a short time of <10⁶ years, which is also the time that the tail will be thermalised. A longer period of acceleration at such rates will result in a runaway situation with most particles being accelerated to very high energies. These more exact treatments confirm the difficulty with this model, first pointed out by Petrosian (Astrophys. J. 557:560, 2001). Such non-thermal tails, even if possible, can only explain the hard X-ray but not the radio emission which needs GeV or higher energy electrons. For these and for production of hard X-rays by the inverse Compton model, we need the second scenario where there is injection and subsequent acceleration of relativistic electrons. It is shown that a steady state situation, for example arising from secondary electrons produced from cosmic ray proton scattering by background protons, will most likely lead to flatter than required electron spectra or it requires a short escape time of the electrons from the cluster. An episodic injection of relativistic electrons, presumably from galaxies or AGN, and/or episodic generation of turbulence and shocks by mergers can result in an electron spectrum consistent with observations but for only a short period of less than one billion years.     

编队飞行队形设计一般化方法

首先 ,在合理的假设条件下 ,基于运动学关系推导了环绕卫星相对参考卫星的相对运动方程 ;然后 ,给出了编队飞行队形设计一般化方法的具体计算公式 ,利用此方法 ,能在参考轨道为圆或椭圆轨道的情况下 ,直接求出编队中所有卫星的轨道参数 ;最后 ,给出了两个编队队形设计的算例     

层次化模块化可用性分析方法的误差分析

通过层次化模块化分解技术,将复杂系统动态故障树分解为相互独立的模块,对独立模块分别进行可用度求解,再利用自下而上递归的方法实现复杂系统可用性分析.提出和推导出等效时变的可用度参数模型,分析了层次化模块化可用性分析方法的误差成因和相关影响,给出了故障相关和维修相关条件下的误差定义,定量研究了误差分布区域及其影响因素,提出了层次化模块化可用性分析方法的适用条件和应用原则,实例分析证明了该方法的有效性.