基于5阶精度格式WCNS-E-5的p-multigrid方法研究

p-multigrid方法的基本思想是:在保证收敛结果为高阶精度的同时,利用低阶精度格式耗散大的特点,来改善高精度有限差分格式在迭代计算时收敛速度慢的弱点.本文基于5阶精度WCNS-E-5差分格式,引入1阶精度迎风格式和3阶精度加权格式,构造了p-multigrid方法,在迭代过程中采用了V循环、W循环、S循环、PreV和FMG循环等不同方式来应用这三种格式,并通过典型算例考察了这些循环方式对收敛速度的影响,初步数值试验表明,采用恰当的循环方式,本文所设计的p-multigrid方法能够加快收敛速度,并保证了最终收敛结果与5阶精度WCNS-E-5差分格式的一致性.     

基于阻力加速度倒数剖面的再入轨迹规划与制导方法

针对升力式飞行器再入制导问题,提出了一种基于阻力加速度倒数剖面的在线解析规划与制导方法。首先将过程和终端约束转换成阻力加速度倒数形式的飞行走廊,采用三次样条函数描述倒数剖面。然后通过解析计算航程上下界,利用待飞航程在倒数剖面内的近似线性关系,以满足待飞航程为目标,迭代计算得到阻力加速度倒数剖面;在飞行过程中根据当前状态和实际待飞航程,周期性更新阻力加速度倒数剖面。通过对阻力加速度剖面的跟踪进行纵向制导,解算倾侧角指令;通过倾侧角反向来进行侧向制导,限制航向角偏差。实现了再入轨迹的在线快速生成与更新,并利用阻力加速度动态特性,将其与跟踪制导结合,提出的方法效率高,适应性强,有工程应用的潜力。     

Stochastic acceleration of charged particle in nonlinear wave field

Possibility of stochastic acceleration of charged particle by nonlinear waves is investigated. Spatially regular (SR) and spatiotemporal chaotic (STC) wave solutions evolving from saddle steady wave are tested as the fields. In the non-steady SR field the particle is finally trapped by the wave and averagely gains its group velocity, while in the STC field the particle motion displays trapped-free phases with its averaged velocity larger or smaller than the group velocity depending on the charge sign. A simplified model is established to investigate the acceleration mechanism. By analogy with motor protein, it is found that the virtual pattern of saddle steady wave plays a role of asymmetric potential, which and the nonlinear varying perturbation wave are the two sufficient ingredients for the acceleration in our case. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A unified formulation of optimal guidance-to-collision law for accelerating and decelerating targets

This paper provides a unified formulation of optimal guidance-to-collision law for a target with an arbitrary acceleration or deceleration. The collision course for general target acceleration or deceleration is first determined from the engagement geometry in conjunction with the nonlinear engagement kinematics in the proposed approach. The heading error defined in the collision course is then adopted as a variable to be nullified for accomplishing the intercept condition.The proposed guidance ...     

Reverse shock acceleration of electrons and protons at mid-heliolatitudes from 5.3-3.8 AU

We examine the intensity, anisotropy and energy spectrum of 480–966 keV protons and 38–315 keV electrons observed by the HI-SCALE instrument on Ulysses associated with Corotating Interaction Regions (CIR) from mid-1992 to early 1994. The particle events are most clearly ordered by the reverse shocks bounding the CIRs. The bulk of the ion fluxes appear either straddling, or with their maximum intensity following, the reverse shock. The electron intensities rise sharply to their maximum upon the passage of the reverse shock, and are delayed with respect to the protons. We believe that following acceleration at the reverse shock the electrons re-enter the inner heliosphere and mirror, to return to the reverse shock for repeated acceleration. This process is more effective for electrons (vc/2) than for ions, and also favours the higher velocity electrons, which accounts for the observed spectral hardening with latitude.     

Evolution of an electron beam pulse influenced by coulomb collision effects in the solar corona

Electrons accelerated in the corona during solar activity give rise to radio emission events that can be observed over a wide range of frequencies. Among different finer-scale structures in the dynamic spectra observed in the radio range, fast transients with extents of some milliseconds known as solar radio spikes are observed accompaning the background continuum emission. Fundamental to the generation of radio spikes is a propagating electron beam and following its evolution allows us to understand the physical processes occurring in the solar corona. With the use of a numerical Fokker–Planck code we follow a previous numerical study to simulate the propagation of an electron beam pulse injected in a small region at the top of a magnetic field and outwards the solar corona under typical flare conditions. It was found that in large ambient densities of ${10}^{10}$ cm⁻³ at the injection point, Coulomb collision effects have an important effect on the propagation of the electrons, causing that the injected electrons thermalize faster in a time of $0.1$ and $0.4$ s for an electron distribution with a low-energy cut off of 16 and 7 keV respectively and a spectral index of 3. For a tenous ambient medium of density ${10}^9$ cm⁻³ thermalization occurs only for an electron distribution with smaller low-energy cut off (7 keV) with a duration of $\approx$1.5 s, while for a larger low-energy cut off (16 keV) the loss of accelerated electrons is very slow, regardles of the spectral index ($3,7$). The electron loss time by Coulomb collisions, which depends on the low boundary ambient density, might be an important parameter that influences the generation of radio spikes due to the formation of instabilities in the corona.     

双滑模变结构控制在导弹加速度控制中的应用

基于双滑模变结构控制理论,对切换面的选取和控制量的切换规律做了进一步的分析,提出两个切换面可以分开单独设计,通过状态反馈保证在滑模区上的稳定性;在具有非匹配不确定性的情况下,证明了控制量的设计能够满足滑模控制的可达条件;提出了更简单的控制律设计方法,保证状态轨迹分别在两条滑模区上来回切换,降低了控制量振动频率.用动态平衡的方法,通过控制导弹的平衡迎角达到了控制加速度的目的.针对某型导弹纵向回路线性模型和非线性时变模型进行了仿真研究,结果证明了设计的可行性和有效性.     

用卡尔曼滤波器估计目标机动加速度

为了使基于线性二次型高斯理论的LQG最优制导规律得到工程应用，设计了一种寻的回路中的卡尔曼滤波器，利用仿真技术，用这种滤波器对目标机动加速度进行了估计，仿真结果表明，这种滤波器可以准确估计目标机动加速度。     

超声速反舰导弹末端非平面机动研究

基于过载控制技术，对超声速反舰导弹的末端非平面机动进行了研究，包括摆式机动和螺旋机动。对于每种机动方式．提出了控制信号的计算方法，并举例进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明，采用过载控制设计的反舰导弹可以实现各种末端非平面机动，在提高反舰导弹的突防能力方面具有很大的潜力。