《电子电路实践》课程的教学研究与实践——基于工作过程导向的理论与实践融合互动教、学、做一体化

本文结合《电子电路实践》课程教学实践,通过课程体系的重构,教学场所时间与空间结构的整合、理论与实践的融合互动,对融“教、学、做”一体,以学生为中心,以培养学生的专业能力、方法能力和社会能力为目的的教学模式进行探索性的设计与实施.     

高旋转数下不同通道转角梯形带肋回转通道的换热特性

为研究截面形状和旋转效应对高压涡轮动叶内部冷却通道换热的影响,对雷诺数为10000～50000,旋转数为0~209,通道转角为0°、225°、45°的带直肋双流程梯形截面通道换热特性进行了实验研究。结果表明:静止状态下,在第一通道,梯形通道后缘换热强于前缘;在第二通道,前、后缘换热区别不大,后缘的换热略强于前缘。旋转状态下,对0°通道转角,随旋转数的增大,第一通道的后缘面换热仍强于前缘面和外侧面,且差异更明显;第二通道前缘换热相对后缘增强。在较高旋转数（旋转数大于1）时,0°通道转角工况的换热最强,45°转角最弱。      

基于永磁无刷电机磁场定向控制的平台伺服控制设计

介绍了基于永磁无刷电机(Brushless DC Motor,BLDC)和磁场定向控制(FOC)的平台伺服控制系统方案.阐述了一种基于FOC的伺服控制设计方法,描述了嵌入式系统的硬件与软件实现.通过实测对比了BLDC采用FOC方法与三相六拍法时伺服控制系统的转速波动情况,结果显示采用FOC显著提高了基于BLDC的伺服控制系统性能.     

Revisiting Perspective-Taking: Can People Maintain Imagined Perspectives?

Abstract

Three experiments were conducted to examine whether people can adopt and maintain imagined perspectives in the absence of target information. The task used entailed providing information about an imagined perspective in advance of target information to examine whether this would facilitate perspective-taking performance and reduce or eliminate alignment effects that are commonly reported in the literature. The three experiments employed different types of spatial environments: an environment learned from navigating a computer screen (Experiment 1), and an immersive environment that was either remote (Experiment 2) or immediate (Experiment 3) at the time of retrieval. Across the three experiments, results showed that information about an imagined perspective can be utilized ahead of target information. Furthermore, they suggested that alignment effects can be reduced as a result of processing information about perspective ahead of target information, but only when reasoning about specific nonimmediate spatial relations (Experiments 1 and 2). Results are discussed in connection with previous findings on spatial updating and the organizational structure of spatial memory.     

固体火箭的鲁棒自适应耗尽关机制导方法研究

针对固体火箭的耗尽关机制导问题,提出了一种基于闭路制导和零射程线相结合的自适应耗尽关机制导方法,该方法首先利用闭路制导技术,使待增速度快速收敛;随后基于零射程线理论,设计了对关机时间变化不敏感的零射程线能量耗散管理导引律和末速精调导引律,提高了耗尽关机方法在推力、秒耗、关机时间随机摄动条件下的鲁棒性和自适应性以及制导精度,从而拓展了耗尽关机显示制导方法的工程化应用.     

Categorical Bias in Line Angle Judgments: Sex Differences and the Use of Multiple Categories

According to the Category Adjustment (CA) model, spatial estimates (e.g., of location) involve Bayesian combination across multiple, hierarchical pieces information, each weighted by its relative certainty. Recent work, though, has shown that men and women differ in terms of their certainty regarding fine-grained and categorical information in location memory. Here we demonstrate that this reflects a more general sex difference in visuospatial processing by examining bias patterns in a line angle judgment task (JLAP-15). In addition, the data suggest that multiple, hierarchical levels of categorical information influenced spatial judgments. These results imply that the hierarchical combination outlined by the CA model extends beyond two levels, and that men and women apply differential weighting to these representations.     

Environmental reference systems for large-scale spaces

Human navigation in well-known environments is guided by stored memory representations of spatial information. In three experiments (N = 43) we investigated the role of different spatial reference systems when accessing information about familiar objects at different locations in the city in which the participants lived. Our results indicate that two independent reference systems underly the retrieval of spatial knowledge. Environmental characteristics, e.g., the streets at an intersection, determine which headings are easier to imagine at a given location and lead to differences in accessibility of spatial information (orientation-specific behavior). In addition, access to spatial information depends on the relative direction of a location with respect to the imagined heading, such that information about locations imagined in front of oneself is easier to access than about locations towards the back. This influence of an egocentric reference system was found for environmental knowledge as well as map-based knowledge. In light of these reference system effects, position-dependent models of spatial memory for large-scale environments are discussed. To account for the simultaneous effect of an environmental and an egocentric reference system, we present a 2-level model of spatial memory access.     

影响招生计划制定因素的个案分析

通过沈阳航空工业学院2005年招生计划制定的个案，对影响招生计划制定的多重因素作了全面分析和深入研究，旨在说明招生计划的制定不是简单的数量增减，而是一门需要进行综合分析的科学，揭示出影响制定招生计划的外部因素即经济发展环境，以及学校发展定位、就业质量、生源质量等内部因素。     

Influence of the gravitational vertical on geometric visual illusions

The occurrence of geometric orientation illusions and the perception of ambiguous figures were analyzed in 24 subjects during static body tilt relative to gravity on Earth. Results showed that illusions such as the Rock's diamond/square, the Ponzo illusion, and orientation contrast illusions occurred less frequently, and that depth reversal of ambiguous figures took more time when subjects were lying on their side or supine compared to upright, thus suggesting that the gravitational reference plays a significant role in these “visual” illusions. The structure of images, our representation of the environment, and orientation relative to gravity are all integral parts in interpreting visual images. In a weightless environment where no gravitational reference can be used, it is expected that similar alterations in visual perception will occur.     

Predicting performance in manually controlled rendezvous and docking through spatial abilities

Manually controlled rendezvous and docking (manual RVD) is a challenging space task for astronauts. This study aims to identify spatial abilities that are critical for accomplishing manual RVD. Based on task analysis, spatial abilities were deduced to be critical for accomplishing manual RVD. 15 Male participants performed manual RVD task simulations and spatial ability tests (the object-manipulation spatial ability and spatial orientation ability). Participants’ performance in the test of visualization of viewpoints (which measures the spatial orientation ability) was found to be significantly correlated with their manual RVD performance, indicating that the spatial orientation ability in the sense of perspective taking is particularly important for accomplishing manual RVD.