基于Ti/TiN薄膜传感器的飞机金属结构裂纹监测

针对飞机金属结构在服役过程中的裂纹实时监测需求,提出一种Ti/TiN导电薄膜与电位监测原理相结合的结构裂纹监测研究方案。首先,通过真空离子镀膜技术在结构易于出现裂纹的部位制备了Ti/TiN薄膜传感器。然后,进行了传感器膜层与2A12-T4铝合金基体的损伤一致性验证。结果表明,传感器与基体具有良好的损伤一致性。最后,进行了两组基于Ti/TiN薄膜传感器的裂纹监测试验,主要研究结构裂纹与传感器电位之间的相互关系,并对两组电位监测结果进行对比。结果表明,通过分析Ti/TiN薄膜传感器电位的变化可以实现对2A12-T4铝合金结构裂纹萌生和扩展进行实时监测,两组试验的电位监测结果具有良好的重复性。     

Collisional excitation of vinylidene (H2CC)

Though H₂CO, H₂CS, H₂CCC, H₂CCCC, H₂CCO have been identified in cool interstellar molecular clouds, identification of H₂CC is still awaited. To analyze its spectrum, collisional rate coefficients are required. We have calculated collisional rate coefficients for rotational transitions between 23 levels of ortho and para H₂CC for kinetic temperatures 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 K. The scattering problem is analyzed using the computer code MOLSCAT where the colliding partner is He atom. The interaction between H₂CC and He has been calculated with GAUSSIAN 2003. For the interaction potential obtained with GAUSSIAN 2003, MOLSCAT is used to derive the parameters q(L,M,M^′|E)$q(L\text{,}M\text{,}{M}^{\prime }|E)$ as a function of energy E   of the colliding partner. After averaging the parameters q(L,M,M^′|E)$q(L\text{,}M\text{,}{M}^{\prime }|E)$ over a Maxwellian distribution, the parameters Q(L,M,M^′|T)$Q(L\text{,}M\text{,}{M}^{\prime }|T)$ as a function of the kinetic temperature T in the cloud are obtained. Finally, the collisional rate coefficients have been calculated.     

多舱段载人航天器CO2去除系统性能仿真分析

多舱段载人航天器通常由主控舱段利用舱间通风对组合体空气环境参数进行集中控制.利用Ecosimpro建立了一种多舱段载人航天器CO₂去除系统性能仿真分析模型,包括舱体模块、乘员模块、CO₂净化模块、舱间通风模块,并对三舱段载人航天器CO₂去除系统性能进行了计算分析.结果表明,当净化装置进风量为0.007 2 kg/s,非主控舱段驻留人数达到6人时,会造成非主控舱段CO₂分压超出700 Pa的指标上限.此时增大舱间通风量对降低非主控舱段CO₂分压的效果并不明显,有效的控制方式是增大净化装置进风量.当净化装置进风量增加至0.011 3 kg/s时,非主控舱段CO₂分压可降至700 Pa以下.该工作有助于加快载人航天器空气环境控制系统的设计和改进流程.     

大推力液体火箭发动机研究

大推力火箭发动机是航天发展的基础,是国家高科技水平和综合国力的体现。分析了运载火箭主动力发展的现状和趋势,指出大推力液氧煤油发动机和液氧液氢发动机是发展方向和最佳组合。提出了我国重型运载火箭大推力液氧煤油发动机和液氧液氢发动机的总体方案和主要参数,研究了两种发动机的关键技术及其解决途径。这两种大推力发动机的研制,将为我国载人登月、深空探测等重大航天活动和空间利用提供动力支撑。     

HY-2卫星DORIS厘米级精密定轨

"海洋二号"(HY-2)卫星搭载了新一代DORIS接收机,可提供双频相位和伪距测量数据。针对HY-2卫星的RINEX 3.0格式的相位测量数据,研究了一种区别于传统相位观测数据处理的历元间差分处理方法,将相位观测数据转换为距离变化率观测数据,并进行相关误差修正,建立了HY-2卫星的宏表面力和经验力等摄动模型,基于动力学定轨原理实现了基于DORIS相位观测数据的精密定轨。利用HY-2卫星的DORIS实测数据进行定轨,初步计算结果表明,径向轨道误差优于2cm、三维位置误差约10cm,满足HY-2卫星应用的厘米级轨道精度需求。     

内加热式N2O单组元推力器预热过程仿真与试验

为了提高N₂O单组元推力器预热效果,对推力器结构做出改进,引入内加热的预热模式.在模拟真空环境下开展了内加热式推力器预热试验,以10W功率加热5800s,使催化剂温度达到260℃(533K),证明了内加热模式的可行性及优越性.开展了内加热式N₂O单组元推力器系统的三维建模,并利用有限元软件对推力器预热过程进行了分析,得到了推力器结构温度场随时间的变化情况.数值分析结果与试验数据吻合良好,验证了所用仿真模型的准确性.进一步对简化结构后的内加热式推力器在模拟太空环境下分别施加10,5,3W加热功率时的预热过程开展了数值仿真研究,结果表明:10W和5W加热功率能使催化剂在3600s内达到工作温度250℃,可为N₂O单组元推力器的实际应用提供参考.      

基于J2EE的人力资源管理系统设计与实现

介绍人力资源管理系统的总体目标和系统设计原则,提出系统体系结构设计的解决方案,以模块划分的方式对于系统功能及系统特点进行探讨,并对系统在企业的实施提出了建议。     

Severe disruption of the cytoskeleton and immunologically relevant surface molecules in a human macrophageal cell line in microgravity—Results of an in vitro experiment on board of the Shenzhou-8 space mission

During spaceflight the immune system is one of the most affected systems of the human body. During the SIMBOX (Science in Microgravity Box) mission on Shenzhou-8, we investigated microgravity-associated long-term alterations in macrophageal cells, the most important effector cells of the immune system. We analyzed the effect of long-term microgravity on the cytoskeleton and immunologically relevant surface molecules. Human U937 cells were differentiated into a macrophageal phenotype and exposed to microgravity or 1g on a reference centrifuge on-orbit for 5 days. After on-orbit fixation, the samples were analyzed with immunocytochemical staining and confocal microscopy after landing. The unmanned Shenzhou-8 spacecraft was launched on board a Long March 2F (CZ-2F) rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC) and landed after a 17-day-mission. We found a severely disturbed actin cytoskeleton, disorganized tubulin and distinctly reduced expression of CD18, CD36 and MHC-II after the 5 days in microgravity. The disturbed cytoskeleton, the loss of surface receptors for bacteria recognition, the activation of T lymphocytes, the loss of an important scavenger receptor and of antigen-presenting molecules could represent a dysfunctional macrophage phenotype. This phenotype in microgravity would be not capable of migrating or recognizing and attacking pathogens, and it would no longer activate the specific immune system, which could be investigated in functional assays. Obviously, the results have to be interpreted with caution as the model system has some limitations and due to numerous technical and biological restrictions (e.g. 23 °C and no CO₂ supply during in-flight incubation). All parameter were carefully pre-tested on ground. Therefore, the experiment could be adapted to the experimental conditions available on Shenzhou-8.     

类HTV-2横侧向稳定性研究

针对HTV-2类飞行器存在的横侧向稳定性差的问题,通过风洞试验、模态分析和参数敏感性分析方法研究了类HTV-2飞行器的横侧向稳定性。研究结果表明：与偏航方向相比,滚转静、动稳定性都更弱,表现为：攻角小于10°滚转方向是静不稳定的;在滚转动态试验中,振动曲线随时间不是呈现收敛趋势,而是出现明显非线性多频谱周期性特征。通过在模型前体布置顺气流纵向绊线促使流动对称转捩的方法,增加了滚转曲线的线性和横侧向稳定性。横侧向模态和参数敏感性分析表明,滚转模态随时间缓慢发散,系统对偏航静稳定性等参数比较敏感。     

基于级数反演法的变速运动SAR回波二维频域模拟算法

针对变速运动平台,提出了一种基于级数反演法的SAR回波模拟二维频域的算法。建立了变速运动模式SAR的几何模型,利用级数反演法,得到了较为准确的信号2维频谱表达式,并对由变速运动引入的大场景空变性进行了分析,给出了空变性相位误差补偿因子,实现了回波信号的精确仿真。分析表明该算法能够在保证较高的相位精度情况下大大的提高SAR回波的仿真速度。仿真结果证明了该算法的有效性。