XM23胶的单轴拉伸试验及超弹性本构模型构建

文摘XM23胶广泛应用于航天光学遥感器,用于粘接光学透镜与金属结构件,可以起到减振作用。目前对XM23胶的力学性能的研究都是基于线弹性理论,但XM23胶是一种高聚合物,表现出非线性特征,无法使用线弹性材料的杨氏模量和泊松比进行准确地表征。本文首先通过XM23胶的单轴拉伸试验测试出该胶的应力应变数据,基于超弹性理论,尝试运用3种超弹性本构模型进行数据拟合。分析发现,Mooney-Rivlin 3参数本构模型最适于表征XM23胶的力学性能,其本构模型材料参数C₁₀为-0.205 9 MPa、C₀₁为0.688 8 MPa、C₁₁为0.055 7 MPa。利用此本构模型使用有限元软件模拟了该胶的单轴拉伸试验,仿真得到应力应变数据在误差范围内与试验数据一致。XM23胶的超弹性本构模型构建为XM23胶的胶接结构有限元建模提供了理论和数据支撑。     

一种马桶冲水阀封严涂胶装置的设计

针对故障率较高的马桶冲水阀组件（件号为14330-230）封严安装过程中涂胶步骤的技术难点，设计了以内外齿传动机构及丝杆传动机构为主要结构的涂胶装置，经过对各运动模块的分析，验证了该装置的可行性，为类似装置的设计提供了思路。     

Comparison of GPS TEC measurements with IRI-2007 TEC prediction over the Kenyan region during the descending phase of solar cycle 23

This paper presents an analysis of the Total Electron Content (TEC) derived from the International GNSS Service receiver (formerly IGS) at Malindi (2.9°S, 40.1°E), Kenya for the periods 2004–2006 during the declining phase of solar cycle 23. The diurnal, monthly and seasonal variations of the TEC are compared with TEC from the latest International Reference Ionosphere model (IRI-2007). The GPS–TEC exhibits features such as an equatorial noon time dip, semi-annual variations, Equatorial Ionization Anomaly and day-to-day variability. The lowest GPS–TEC values are observed near the June solstice and September equinox whereas largest values are observed near the March equinox and December solstice. The mean GPS–TEC values show a minimum at 03:00 UT and a peak value at about 10:00 UT. These results are compared with the TEC derived from IRI-2007 using the NeQuick option for the topside electron density (IRI–TEC). Seasonal mean hourly averages show that IRI-2007 model TEC values are too high for all the seasons. The high prediction primarily occur during daytime hours till around midnight hours local time for all the seasons, with the highest percentage deviation in TEC of more 90% seen in September equinox and lowest percentage deviation in TEC of less than 20% seen in March equinox. Unlike the GPS–TEC, the IRI–TEC does not respond to geomagnetic storms and does overestimate TEC during the recovery phase of the storm. While the modeled and observed data do correlate so well, we note that IRI-2007 model is strongly overestimating the equatorial ion fountain effect during the descending phase of solar cycle, and this could be the reason for the very high TEC estimations.     

大分子丁腈增韧环氧胶及胶膜的研制

论述了大分子丁腈－40增韧环氧的机理;初步研究了大分子丁腈增韧环氧胶体系各组分的优选;探讨了胶膜的配制,从而获得一种中温固化、性能优良、价格低廉的胶及胶膜。     

纸质文物多功能加固保护胶液研究

胶液加固保护法是纸质文物保护的有效方法之一。本文阐述了一种由改性氟树脂、改性壳聚糖、低聚体材料以及纳米材料等组成的多功能纸质文物加固保护胶液,分别对其进行了纸样处理前后的白度、厚度、耐折度、抗张强度等试验以及差热、红外、紫外、扫描电镜等分析,并进行了实际应用。通过试验分析以及应用结果表明,研究加固保护胶液对纸质文物进行加固保护,能够保持其原有的色泽、质感,并且具有纤维增粗、粉化固结、脆裂加固、防霉抗菌等多种保护功能。     

CCAR23部飞机HIRF防护适航验证方法研究

民用飞机为获得在高强辐射场环境中的运营许可,必须按照适航当局发布的高能电磁辐射场( HIRF )防护相关适航条款进行防护设计和适航验证。当前确定航空器内部 HIRF 环境主要通过试验方法和相似性评估法,具有工作量大、测试成本高等缺点。针对仅有 A 类显示系统的 CCAR23 部飞机首次使用数据推算方法,确定飞机内部 HIRF 环境电平,用于实现整机的 HIRF 防护适航验证;提出一套适用于 CCAR23 部飞机 HIRF防护适航验证的方法,分析该方法的关键技术及可行性。本文所提出的方法已应用于 Y12F 飞机 HIRF 防护适航验证的实际工程,有效降低了整机 HIRF 防护适航验证的复杂程度,节约了整机试验所需的测试成本,提高了试验效率,为民用航空器 HIRF 防护验证提供参考。     

Galactic cosmic ray modulation for sunspot cycle 23

We present a study of the galactic cosmic ray modulation for sunspot cycle 23. We use the monthly and the annual mean hourly, pressure corrected, data from neutron monitors of the global network (monthly rate is calculated as the average of the hourly pressure corrected values). We draw attention to an asymmetry in the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) recovery during odd and even cycles for the monthly mean hourly rate data. For over half a century of observations, we find that the recovery for the odd cycles is to a higher level than for the even cycles. Qualitatively the effect is ascribed to charged particle drifts in inhomogeneous interplanetary magnetic field. Even so it has not been possible to arrive at a quantitative, self-consistent, explanation in terms of drifts at higher and lower GCR rigidities. We also study the rigidity dependence of the amplitude of 11-year modulation over a wide range (1–200 GV) of GCR spectrum; it is a power law in rigidity with an exponent −1.22. We discuss the implication of these findings on quasi-linear diffusion theories of modulation. We reflect on GCR recovery pattern for 2006–2009.     

稀土Y对Ti-23Al-25Nb合金显微组织的影响

采用OM,XRD,XRF,SEM,EPMA,TEM等分析手段研究了稀土Y对Ti-23Al-25Nb合金显微组织的影响.结果表明:两种合金铸态显微组织均为O相;稀土Y明显细化了Ti-23Al-25Nb合金晶粒尺寸,Ti-23Al-25Nb合金的晶粒尺寸在400～600μm之间,Ti-23Al-25Nb-0.36Y合金的晶粒尺寸在40～100μm之间,细化大约6～8倍.通过Ti-23Al-25Nb-0.36Y合金背散射、各元素线分布和TEM分析发现,稀土Y在Ti-23Al-25Nb合金中以Y2O3的形式存在于晶内和晶界,根据O相形成机制和晶粒细化理论,分析了稀土Y细化O相晶粒的过程.     

含胶层复合材料梁构件性能分析

复合材料剪切模量通常比弹性模量低1个数量级,这就导致复合材料梁结构剪切效应比普通梁结构显著得多,尤其是梁截面高度较大的情况。作为夹胶玻璃等结构的复合材料支撑框架,复合材料方管梁翼缘通常存在较弱的胶层,此时复合材料梁横截面包含不同剪切模量的材料层,这就导致梁横截面在剪切作用下发生复杂的翘曲。剪切翘曲效应对梁结构的性能有着极大的影响,本文在分段线性位移场假设基础上,推导了对称面内变形的方管梁结构静力以及自振周期计算模型,并同经典梁理论计算结果进行对比,分析了梁几何参数、胶层力学参数等因素对两个模型计算误差的影响。计算结果表明,当胶层较弱时,弱层带来的层间剪切效应对梁的性能有着决定性的影响,此时经典梁理论不再适用。     

Solar and interplanetary precursors of geomagnetic storms in solar cycle 23

Estimating the magnetic storm effectiveness of solar and associated interplanetary phenomena is of practical importance for space weather modelling and prediction. This article presents results of a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the probable causes of geomagnetic storms during the 11-year period of solar cycle 23: 1996–2006. Potential solar causes of 229 magnetic storms (Dst ? −50 nT) were investigated with a particular focus on halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs). A 5-day time window prior to the storm onset was considered to track backward the Sun’s eruptions of halo CMEs using the SOHO/LASCO CMEs catalogue list. Solar and interplanetary (IP) properties associated with halo CMEs were investigated and correlated to the resulting geomagnetic storms (GMS). In addition, a comparative analysis between full and partial halo CME-driven storms is established. The results obtained show that about 83% of intense storms (Dst ? −100 nT) were associated with halo CMEs. For moderate storms (−100 nT < Dst ? −50 nT), only 54% had halo CME background, while the remaining 46% were assumed to be associated with corotating interaction regions (CIRs) or undetected frontside CMEs. It was observed in this study that intense storms were mostly associated with full halo CMEs, while partial halo CMEs were generally followed by moderate storms. This analysis indicates that up to 86% of intense storms were associated with interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) at 1 AU, as compared to moderate storms with only 44% of ICME association. Many other quantitative results are presented in this paper, providing an estimate of solar and IP precursor properties of GMS within an average 11-year solar activity cycle. The results of this study constitute a key step towards improving space weather modelling and prediction.