Design and development of a five-axis machine tool with high accuracy,stiffness and efficiency for aero-engine casing manufacturing

In order to satisfy the machining requirements of aero-engine casing in modern aviation industry, this paper investigates three main issues during the design and development process of a five-axis machine tool with high accuracy, stiffness and efficiency, including whole structure design,key components design, and supporting stiffness design. First, an appropriate structure of five-axis machine tool is determined considering the processing characteristics of aero-engine casing. Then, a dual driv...     

基于AI+神经网络的数字化故障电弧识别方案研究

线路故障电弧的特征随着电力电子技术的提高更趋复杂，传统的故障电弧识别方式已无法应对新型用电系统。对比传统故障电弧识别方案，研究故障电弧产生类型和新型检测技术，提出基于谐波因素、总谐波畸变率、电流零休时间、电流变化速率、电流周期性等典型时域、频域特征的AI+神经网络的数字化故障电弧识别方案。该方案运用回归算法向量机对特征图进行分类处理，通过正向传输运算、反向传输运算和迭代回归运算三个步骤执行卷积神经网络，频繁迭代回归以获得最佳特征识别图。本文以调光器的故障电弧识别为例，对故障识别方案进行验证，结果表明采用此方案可实现更高效、更精准、更稳定地识别故障电弧。     

3D打印技术在空间站梦天实验舱上的应用

面对梦天实验舱次结构减重需求，提出了面向3D打印技术的次结构拓扑优化设计的方法，完成并掌握了3D打印次结构从设计、工艺、制造、检验等全周期的研制流程。在梦天实验舱发射载荷条件下，通过结构有限元分析及试验验证，对3D打印次结构性能进行了考核。结果表明:在具有一定强度和刚度裕度的前提下，支架减重效果较为明显，面向3D打印技术的次结构拓扑优化设计的方法具有广阔的工程应用前景。     

纳秒脉冲滑动弧放电等离子体裂解煤油实验研究

为改善极端条件下航空煤油的点火和燃烧性能,提高煤油活性,本文在大气压氮气环境下利用纳秒脉冲电源产生的滑动弧等离子体进行煤油裂解实验研究,得到了包含活性更高的气态轻质烃和氢气等小分子物质的裂解气。通过改变电源输出脉冲电压的上升沿时间和下降沿时间,得到了裂解气产量、碳氢比以及裂解气中各组分选择性的变化规律,并总结了相关的部分反应路径。实验结果如下：裂解气产量随着上升沿时间的增加而减小,随着下降沿时间的增加而上升,裂解气碳氢比则呈现相反的变化规律；裂解气主要组分中,乙烷选择性最高,在各实验工况下均超过30%；随着上升沿时间和下降沿时间的增加,裂解气中丙烷和丙烯的选择性均降低,氢气的选择性上升；上升沿时间和下降沿时间的变化对裂解效果产生影响的主要原因是改变了反应的路径。实验结果表明,纳秒脉冲滑动弧放电等离子体可以将煤油中的部分大分子烃类转化为气态轻烃和氢气等高活性组分。同时,增加纳秒脉冲电压下降沿时间能够改善滑动弧等离子体的裂解效果,获得更多活性更高的小分子物质。     

Improving surface integrity when drilling CFRPs and Ti-6Al-4V using sustainable lubricated liquid carbon dioxide

In the quest for decreasing fuel consumption and resulting gas emissions in the aeronautic sector, lightweight materials such as Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRPs) and Ti-6Al-4V alloys are being used. These materials, with excellent weight-to-strength ratios, are widely used for structural applications in aircraft manufacturing. To date, several studies have been published showing that the use of metalworking fluids (MWFs), special tool geometries, or advanced machining techniques is required to ensure a surface quality that meets aerospace component standards. Conventional MWFs pose a number of environmental and worker health hazards and also degrade the mechanical properties of CFRPs due to water absorption in the composite. Therefore, a transition to more environmentally friendly cooling/lubrication techniques that prevent moisture problems in the composite is needed. This research shows that lubricated LCO₂ is a viable option to improve the quality of drilled CFRP and titanium aerospace components compared to dry machining, while maintaining clean work areas. The results show that the best combination of tool geometry and cooling conditions for machining both materials is drilling with Brad point drills and lubricated LCO₂. Drilling under these conditions resulted in a 90 % improvement in fiber pull-out volume compared to dry machined CFRP holes. In addition, a 33 % reduction in burr height and a 15 % improvement in surface roughness were observed compared to dry drilling of titanium.     

航天器可展开薄膜遮光罩的构型设计与优化

针对当前航天器遮光罩轻量化的需求，在保证薄膜遮光罩有效面积不变的前提下，根据质量和有效面积占比设计了一款柔性平面薄膜遮光罩。以提高薄膜边缘应力的同时尽量避免有效圆面积占比减少为优化目标，对薄膜遮光罩的边缘做弧边优化设计。结果表明，当薄膜遮光罩为正六边形时，既能保证结构对称性，又能获得较低的单位有效面积占比对应质量。通过应力叠加法建立了薄膜遮光罩的应力分布模型，求出薄膜边缘应力的理论计算值。探究了弧边拱高的增加对薄膜边缘应力和有效圆面积占比的影响规律，当二者的函数曲线相交于一点时，可取为薄膜弧边的最优拱高。根据设计的薄膜遮光罩参数，搭建薄膜遮光罩的试验样机并进行展开试验。薄膜遮光罩可完全展开，薄膜边缘张紧度高，证明了薄膜遮光罩系统方案设计的可靠性，弧边设计可有效提高薄膜边缘的应力水平。     

航空航天结构轻量化设计制造技术发展现状与挑战

轻量化技术是指在满足结构性能需求的前提下，通过对材料、结构和制造工艺等方面的优化，减少结构质量的技术，已经成为新一代航空航天装备发展的关键技术之一。本文首先分析了轻量化技术的发展历程。其次，从设计原理、组成方式和优化方法角度，介绍了仿生结构设计、胞元结构设计和高效拓扑优化设计三类轻量化设计方法。然后，从轻量化制造工艺和模式的角度阐述了增材制造、协同制造和复合材料制造在航空航天结构轻量化制造中的应用。最后，讨论了轻量化技术面临的挑战和未来的发展。     

Technical evaluation of additive manufacturing technologies for in-situ fabrication with lunar regolith

In-Situ Fabrication and Repair can significantly reduce the construction cost of a permanent Moon base by using additive manufacturing (AM) and exploiting local resources instead of bringing all the required materials from Earth. In this article, we evaluate alternative additive manufacturing technologies for building a lunar base and maintaining it across its lifecycle. We compare alternative 3D-printing techniques, already tested for manufacturing with simulants of lunar regolith, using energy, Earth-deliverables consumption, and compressive strength of the produced samples as figures of merit. Based on our analysis, we conclude that Cement Contour Crafting and Stereo-lithography AM techniques are the most promising solutions for the construction of outdoor lunar infrastructure and small precise parts and instruments, respectively.     

基于滑动弧的燃烧室头部强化燃烧特性

为了研究基于滑动弧的燃烧室头部强化燃烧效果，探究了燃烧室头部的点火过程以及不同等离子体电源输入功率下的点/熄火边界，利用像增强系统获得了CH*基团的分布云图。实验结果表明：输入功率的增大使得燃烧室的点/熄火边界均得到拓展，与160 W工况相比，输入功率为320 W时，点火边界平均拓宽约17.6%，与未放电相比，输入功率为320 W时，熄火边界平均拓宽约45.3%，滑动弧放电对熄火边界拓宽效果明显；当滑动弧能够点燃来流新鲜混合气时，输入功率的增加使得CH*基团分布向上游移动，当输入功率为320 W时，燃烧火焰驻留在燃烧室头部，当滑动弧激励器仅具有助燃作用时，输入功率的增加使得局部CH*基团辐射强度增强，热释放速率增加。     

Experimental investigation of a gliding discharge plasma jet igniter

Relight of jet engines at high altitude is difficult due to the relatively low pressure and temperature of inlet air. The penetration of initial flame kernel affects the ignition probability in the turbine engine combustor greatly. In order to achieve successful ignition at high altitude, a deeper penetration of initial flame kernel should be generated. In this study, a Gliding Arc Plasma Jet Igniter(GAPJI) is designed to induce initial flame kernel with deeper penetration to achieve successful ...