基于末制导雷达的海面舰船ISAR成像转角分析

针对末制导雷达对舰船目标ISAR成像中导引头不同飞行轨迹所能获得的转角问题展开研究。在末制导雷达平台和舰船目标同时运动的情况下,ISAR成像总转角由两部分组成：舰船航行、晃动所导致的转角和导引头飞行形成的转角。本文在对弹目相对总转角建模的基础上,通过估计舰船晃动参数来计算总转角,提出了基于该总转角的成像转角判断条件。仿真结果表明,本文提出的方法能有效估计成像时间内的总转角,并据此判断出弹目转角是否满足ISAR成像的转角条件。
     

制导工具误差折合的遗传主成分方法

制导工具误差折合是导弹精度评定中的重要问题,传统主成分方法中主要成分选择根据试验弹道环境函数矩阵特征值选择,仅考虑了试验弹道的影响,而在试验弹道中作为主要成分,在全程弹道中并不一定是主要成分。提出了充分考虑试验弹道与全程弹道特点的主成分确定方法,并利用遗传算法确定最佳主成分子集。仿真计算表明,与最小二乘和经典主成分方法相比,遗传主成分算法获得的全程弹道遥外差与落点偏差更接近于真实值。     

多普勒跟踪测轨算法及测轨优化方法研究

一般的航天跟踪测量都包含伪码或侧音测距,而测距的校零问题一直是困扰系统可靠性的因素。文章通过对航天测控发展历程的回顾,深入探讨了通过多台没有测距功能的测速雷达进行定轨的多普勒跟踪测轨技术。成功地利用Levenberg Marquardt方法对非线性测量方程组进行求解,提高了定轨精度。并且通过对多普勒测速雷达的布站优化,证明六个以上测元可以对航天器定轨。     

铯光泵原子磁强计研制进展

铯光泵原子磁强计利用极化铯原子自旋拉莫尔相干进动探测和测量磁场,具有精度高、响应快等特点。围绕铯光泵原子磁强计的技术特点,重点介绍了其工作原理及研制工作,实现了一款铯光泵原子磁强计整机。测试结果表明,该款磁强计磁场测量范围为20000~100000nT,峰-峰噪声值为0.0017nT,能满足磁异常探测对高精度磁强计的需求。     

飞行器红外隐身效能工程评价方法

 针对飞行器的红外隐身问题,推导出红外辐射对比度与作用距离的理论关系,采用指数拟合获得大气透过率与作用距离的近似关系表达式,简化了对作用距离的计算,并通过实际算例考察了目标表面温度、目标发射率和飞行速度对红外辐射对比度及作用距离的影响。结果表明：对比度和作用距离随目标表面温度、发射率及飞行速度的下降趋势基本一致;在一定条件下,对比度可代替作用距离作为评价目标红外隐身效果的简单、快速的参数,对比度越小目标的红外隐身效果越好。对比度的计算快速、准确、灵活性强和适用范围广,为今后进一步对飞行器的红外隐身研究提供一定的理论参考。     

限位保护装置在转台中的应用研究

转台的限位保护装置包括电气限位保护装置和机械限位缓冲装置。根据转台运动方式及运动范围的不同,电气限位保护装置和机械限位缓冲装置的实现形式也有所区别,文中对此分别进行了详细介绍。     

Analysis of laser ranges and angular measurements data fusion for space debris orbit determination

In the framework of space debris, the orbit determination process is a fundamental step, both, for researchers and for satellite operators. The accurate knowledge of the orbit of space debris objects is needed to allow space debris characterization studies and to avoid unnecessary collision avoidance maneuvers.The accuracy of the results of an orbit determination process depends on several factors as the number, the accuracy, the kind of processed measurements, their distribution along the orbit, and the object-observer relative geometry. When the observation coverage of the target orbit is not homogeneous, the accuracy of the orbit determination can be improved processing different kind of observables. Recent studies showed that the satellite laser ranging technique can be successfully applied to space debris.In this paper, we will investigate the benefits of using laser ranges and angular measurements for the orbit determination process. We will analyze the influence of the number of used observations, of the covered arc of orbit, of each observable, and of the observation geometry on the estimated parameters. Finally, using data acquired on short observation arcs, we analyze the achievable accuracies for the orbital regimes with the highest space debris density, and to the consequences of the data fusion on catalog maintenance operations. The results shown are obtained using only real data (both angular and laser measurements) provided by sensors of the Swiss Optical Ground Station and Geodynamics Observatory Zimmerwald owned by the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) and for some studies also using ranges provided from other stations of the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS).     

Proposal of application of same beam VLBI measurements in precision orbit determination of lunar orbiter and return capsule and lunar gravity field simulation in Chang’E-3 mission

High accuracy differenced phase delay can be obtained by observing multiple point frequencies of two spacecraft using the same beam Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) technology. Its contribution in lunar spacecraft precision orbit determination has been performed during the Japanese lunar exploration mission SELENE. In consideration that there will be an orbiter and a return capsule flying around the moon during the Chinese lunar exploration future mission Chang’E-3, the contributions of the same beam VLBI in spacecraft precision orbit determination and lunar gravity field solution have been investigated. Our results show that the accuracy of precision orbit determination can be improved more than one order of magnitude after including the same beam VLBI measurements. There are significant improvements in accuracy of low and medium degree coefficients of lunar gravity field model obtained from combination of two way range and Doppler and the same beam VLBI measurements than the one that only uses two way range and Doppler data, and the accuracy of precision orbit determination can reach meter level.     

空间近程高速相对运动方程的状态转移矩阵

分析了空间近程高速相对运动的特点,建立了描述近程高速相对运动的线性微分方程组,并给出了状态转移矩阵与解析解。仿真结果表明:对于HEO-GEO近程高速相对运动,所建方程的相对距离计算误差仅为16 cm,不足Hill方程计算误差的15%。所给出的状态转移矩阵对于实现空间目标拦截等任务的实时高精度相对导航和制导算法具有一定的应用价值。     

无人机航程和航时的燃油灵敏度分析

研究了无人机航程和航时的燃油重量相对变化随巡航结束重量、平均升阻比和平均耗油率的变化关系。假定巡航结束重量、平均升阻比和平均耗油率为三个线性无关的变量,采用偏导数的方法推导了喷气式和活塞螺旋桨式无人机巡航燃油重量变化的小变化方程。采用了两个算例进行了无人机的航程和航时的燃油灵敏度分析,小变化方程的燃油重量相对变化计算结果和考虑变量耦合后的燃油重量相对变化计算结果吻合较好。研究结果表明所建立的无人机航程和航时的燃油灵敏度分析模型合理。