Cf / ZrB2 -SiC 复合材料的制备及抗热冲击性能

采用前驱体转化法制备Cf / ZrB2 -SiC 复合材料,对材料的热物理和热震性能进行了研究。采用 扫描电镜和X 射线衍射分析材料的微观结构及物相变化。结果表明:复合材料在1 700℃热震循环10 次材料 保持完整,表现出了良好的抗热震性能。通过微观结构分析,高温氧化后生成的多孔SiO2 氧化层能够吸收热 应力,缓解因热震带来的巨大温度差,ZrB2 组元的加入有效地提高了材料抗热震性。     

DLC 和CrN 薄膜在油润滑下的摩擦性能

采用闭合场非平衡直流磁控溅射技术和阴极电弧离子镀技术在轴承钢表面分别制备了DLC 和

CrN 薄膜,在全配方发动机油(CF-4,15W/40)润滑条件下,选择DLC/ 钢、CrN/ 钢摩擦配副,用SRV-IV 摩擦实

验机考察了25℃和100℃时DLC 与CrN 薄膜在不同载荷下的摩擦因数和磨损率,并对摩擦界面进行分析。结

果表明:DLC 和CrN 薄膜在油润滑条件下的摩擦因数都随着载荷的增加而降低;DLC 和CF-4 构成的固液复合

润滑体系具有更加优异的摩擦学性能;活性较高的CrN 薄膜与发动机油中的添加剂相互作用,在摩擦界面上

发生摩擦化学反应形成摩擦化学反应膜,并且薄膜表面形成的氧化层有利于提高薄膜在高温时的耐磨性。

     

Multifunctional Martian habitat composite material synthesized from in situ resources

The two primary requirements for a Martian habitat structure include effective radiation shielding against the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) environment and sufficient structural and thermal integrity. To significantly reduce the cost associated with transportation of such materials and structures from earth, it is imperative that such building materials should be synthesized primarily from Martian in situ resources. This paper illustrates the feasibility of such an approach. Experimental results are discussed to demonstrate the synthesis of polyethylene (PE) from a simulated Martian atmosphere and the fabrication of a composite material using simulated Martian regolith with PE as the binding material. The radiation shielding effectiveness of the proposed composites is analyzed using results from radiation transport codes and exposure of the samples to high-energy beams that serve as a terrestrial proxy for the GCR environment. Mechanical and ballistic impact resistance properties of the proposed composite as a function of composition, processing parameters, and thermal variations are also discussed to evaluate the multifunctionality of such in situ synthesized composite materials.     

受限浸没射流阵列冲击针肋热沉的传热特性

以去离子水为工质,对受限浸没射流阵列冲击矩形针肋热沉的传热特性进行了实验研究.讨论了热沉几何参数和射流雷诺数对传热特性的影响规律.结果表明:针肋高度直接影响换热能力,但并非越高越好;热沉传热特性受针肋宽度与肋间距影响较大,Nu在0.625≤W/G≤1.000内呈塔型分布;Nu在2.5≤H/d≤10.0之间不断下降;S/d在3.00~4.50之间,Nu随S/d的增大单调递增,但Re增大到4000后,换热性能与S/d基本无关;S/d在4.50~7.00之间,Nu随S/d的增大单调递减;热沉的热阻随泵功的增大而降低,但变化渐趋平缓.      

航空电气系统绝缘电阻自动测试系统

针对飞机电气系统绝缘测试部位和设备数量繁多、手动测试效率低、容易造成事故隐患等问题,介绍了一种航空电气系统绝缘电阻的自动化测试方法,设计并实现了通用航空电气系统绝缘电阻自动测试系统、该系统运用工控机自动控制与测试技术,自动完成测试,并实现数据处理、信息存贮等功能。应用表明该系统安全可靠、自动化程度高、测试速度快、可扩展性强。     

含滚阻摩擦平面多体系统的建模和数值方法

针对含滚阻和摩擦的平面多体系统,给出了通用的力学模型,利用第一类Lagrange方程建立了系统的动力学方程,为便于约束力的计算,利用局部方法列写约束方程,并以矩阵形式给出了该系统滚阻力偶和摩擦力的广义力.该系统动力学方程是非光滑的,通过建立滚阻定律的互补条件以及光滑铰链约束力的互补条件,给出了具有约束稳定化的基于事件驱动法的数值算法,将非光滑约束力、铰链约束力的求解以及滚轮滑动与粘滞的判断问题统一转化为一个线性互补问题进行求解.对两个算例进行了数值仿真,算例数值结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

超临界压力RP-3壁面结焦对流阻的影响

实验研究了长时间加热条件下航空煤油RP-3在微细不锈钢管内流动过程中结焦对流动及换热的影响规律。实验中系统压力保持为5 MPa,燃油质量流量为3 g/s。在燃油溶解氧达到饱和的条件下,实验段进出口油温分别为130℃和450℃。实验从开始到终止持续36 h。实验结果表明,随着时间的增长,管内的结焦量不断增加。由于壁面结焦现象对管内流动和换热产生严重的影响,管内各段换热在实验前期迅速恶化逐渐趋于稳定,管内流阻随着实验时间的增加持续增长。管内流动阻力随着时间的增长呈现出"快速增长→平稳增长→急速增长"的过程。另外,基于实验结果,提出了一种影响系数作为判断结焦对换热器单管影响的工程模型。      

涡轮机匣流动阻力特性实验

通过实验测量了不同雷诺数（80000~260000）情况下整个涡轮机匣腔内的压力分布,总结了涡轮机匣腔内压力分布和流动阻力特性.实验结果表明:①在腔二到腔三的过渡区域,压力下降非常明显,压力损失较大;②随着雷诺数的增大,静压系数有增大的趋势,增大的幅度在19%以内;③随着雷诺数的增大,总压损失系数变化较为平稳,变化范围在10%以内.      

气冷喷油杆隔热套高度对混合扩压器性能影响

针对一种带气冷喷油杆的混合扩压器,基于Navier-Stokes方程组建立了流场三维数值计算模型,研究了气冷喷油杆的隔热套高度对一体化混合扩压器流场、流阻特性和混合特性的气动热力性能影响规律。结果表明:隔热套高度对混合扩压器热混合效率影响不大,总体变化范围小于0.008;随着隔热套高度的增加,静压恢复系数逐渐减小,流阻系数和压力损失系数逐渐增大;在混合扩压器出口截面处,总压恢复系数随隔热套高度增加而逐渐减小,且总体变化范围较小,由0.991 1减小到0.990 7。      

Influences of pulse frequency on formation and properties of composite anodic oxide films on Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy

A thick composite anodic oxide film was fabricated in an environmentally friendly malic acid electrolyte containing PolyTetraFluoroEthylene (PTFE) nanoparticles on Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloys. The influence of pulse frequency on the morphology, microstructure and composition of composite anodic oxide films containing PTFE nanoparticles was investigated using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. The tribological properties in terms of the friction coefficient, wear loss and morphology of worn surfaces were measured by ball-on-disc tests. The electrochemical property was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization. The results indicated that the titanium dioxide of composite anodic oxide films transformed from anatase to rutile with the change of pulse frequency, which could result from the electrochemical dynamic equilibrium. The combination of PTFE nanoparticles and malic acid electrolyte molecules can influence the energy fluctuation of electrochemical equilibrium and formation of composite anodic oxide films. Moreover, composite anodic oxide films fabricated under the condition of 1.0–2.0 Hz exhibited the best wear resistance and corrosion property. The schematic diagram of the film formation and PTFE nanoparticles spreading process under different frequencies was elucidated.