应用于陶瓷试件的胶粘剂粘贴强度研究

陶瓷试验件在800℃以上快速升温过程中,对粘贴温度传感器的胶粘剂剥离试件现象进行研究。首先从接触角入手,阐述试验用高温胶粘剂在陶瓷试件表面进行粘贴的前提条件是胶粘剂与被粘贴物表面的接触角θ范围为0°≤θ90°;对实际中陶瓷试件表面的粗糙化处理影响胶粘剂粘贴强度进行了理论和试验分析,说明对试件表面适当粗糙化处理提高了粘贴强度并减小了接触角;最后对高温胶粘剂在高温固化过程中的加压工艺改进进行说明,并进行了试验,试验结果表明工艺改进改善了试验过程中的胶粘剂剥离问题。     

风力机组叶片的先进翼型族设计

大型风力机组叶片设计需要专用的翼型族,以满足风力机组运行的环境要求。高升阻比、低粗糙度影响是该翼型族的气动性能特点。为了发展我国具有自主知识产权的风力机专用翼型族,在科技部863项目的支持下,北京航空航天大学联合国内气动研究单位,通过理论分析、数值模拟和风洞试验等技术途径,开发了两个适用于大型风力机组叶片的先进翼型族。理论分析和风洞试验表明,设计结果基本达到了预先设定的气动性能指标。     

雷诺数对粗糙表面翼型气动性能的影响

采用Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型研究风力机专用翼型DU00-W-212的气动性能。在雷诺数小范围变化的情况下,应用数值模拟的方法对粗糙翼型和光滑翼型的气动特性进行对比。探讨雷诺数小范围变化对粗糙翼型气动特性的影响,并分析升阻力的变化机理。比较升阻力曲线,发现粗糙度对升力系数影响最大的区域在迎角10°附近。小迎角的情况下,前缘粗糙度会使得翼型的升力系数下降,阻力系数反而上升。在大迎角失速的情况下,粗糙翼型的阻力系数反而小于光滑翼型的阻力系数。为了增加叶片适应恶劣沙尘环境的能力,在叶片设计和翼型排布的过程中应该尽量避开升力系数最大的迎角处。     

火箭垂直回收中发动机布局与喷流壁面效应影响研究

针对重复使用火箭垂直着陆过程的喷流流场问题开展研究,利用计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD)方法研究了壁面效应和发动机布局对超声速喷流的影响。研究表明,着陆距离(L)在2.24D～11.2D(D为喷管出口的直径)的范围内,地面效应对喷管出口中心处的温度分布影响较小;在当前计算条件下,当L<2.24D时,超声速喷流撞击地面会形成强烈的激波,随着离地高度的降低,该激波位置往喉部方向移动,由于壁面效应,喷管内部形成斜激波,导致中心喷管壁面处的温度升高;中心喷管相对外侧喷管往外突出增大了壁面流动速度,导致外侧喷管出口的温度降低;研究还表明子级火箭底部端面的喷管数量增加后,会导致喷管的温度升高。研究结果将为火箭发射及回收方案选取提供参考。     

轻型高强Al-Si/SiC复合材料反射镜的制备与性能

文章采用反应烧结工艺制备 Si/SiC 材料,然后通过真空扩散渗铝工艺制备了 Al-Si/SiC 复合材料。通过精确调控浸渗合金的铝浓度使制备的Al-Si/SiC复合材料具有可控的热膨胀系数,利用该工艺制备出热膨胀系数连续可调（4.6×10-6K-1~8.7×10-6K-1,0~40℃）的 Al-Si/SiC 复合材料,其力学性能优异,经检测密度为2.86g/cm3,弹性模量为236GPa,断裂韧性为6.1MPa＆#183;m1/2,可采用线切割、铣磨、钻孔、攻丝等手段加工,相比SiC陶瓷材料更易于高精度机械加工。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,制备的Al-Si/SiC复合材料均匀、致密,光学抛光后表面粗糙度均方根值达到1.017 nm。各项测试数据表明, Al-Si/SiC复合材料作为反射镜可以满足空间光学的应用。     

考虑刀具偏心的微铣削加工表面粗糙度预测模型研究

基于微铣削刀具轨迹建立了考虑刀具偏心、最小切削厚度的塑性材料微铣削底面粗糙度的预测模型,预测结果表明粗糙度表面形貌呈锯齿状,刀具偏心会影响表面粗糙度的形貌周期和高度,并进行微铣削加工实验,对粗糙度预测模型进行了验证。采用回归统计方法,建立了脆性材料微铣削加工表面粗糙度预测模型,对加工表面形貌进行观察,利用响应曲面法得到了各铣削用量对表面粗糙度的影响规律。     

Investigation on surface roughness,residual stress and fatigue property of milling in-situ TiB2/7050Al metal matrix composites

For higher efficiency and precision manufacturing, more and more attentions are focused on the surface roughness and residual stress of machined parts to obtain a good fatigue life. At present, the in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites are widely researched due to its attractive properties such as low density, good wear resistance and improved strength. It is of great significance to investigate the machined surface roughness, residual stress and fatigue life for higher efficiency and precision manufacturing of this new kind material. In this study, the surface roughness including two-dimensional and three-dimensional roughness, residual stress and fatigue life of milling in-situ TiB₂/7050Al metal matrix composites were analyzed. It was found from comparative investigation that the three-dimensional surface roughness would be more appropriate to represent the machined surface profile of milling particle reinforced metal matrix composites. The cutting temperature played a great role on the residual stress. However, the effect of increasing cutting force could slow down the transformation from compressive stress to tensile stress under 270 °C. An exponential relationship between three-dimensional roughness and fatigue life was established and the main fracture mechanism was brittle fracture with observation of obvious shellfish veins, river pattern veins and wave shaped veins in fracture surface.     

推广使用REM37BY电嘴

在我院使用的活塞发动机飞机中,点火系统故障率居高不下,其中又以电嘴积铅带来的发动机抖动故障居多。本文通过对比分析,以及实际监控使用的具体情况,证明了REM37BY电嘴能使这一故障大大减少,并且能节约成本,缩短工时,具有较大的推广价值。     

一种非接触光外差轮廓仪

介绍了一种纳米级非接触超高精度光外差轮廓仪。该量仪是基于普通光路的外差干涉仪,两束具有微小频差的激光束照射到制件表面:其中一束光被会聚后作为测量光针扫瞄制件表面;另一束光则被用作参考光束。这两束光经反射后形成干涉,所得信号的光程差与制件表面高度变化成正比。量仪的横向分辩力小于2μm,垂直分辩力小于1nm。制件不需要进行大的调整。制件表面同时亦被作为测量参考面。经光电转换后,信号由微机处理,从而快速完成测量、计算、显示与打印各种参数与图形。     

Effect of wall suction on leading edge contamination

This paper is devoted to an experimental study of swept wing leading edge contamination by the turbulence emanating from the wing-wall junction. The main objective is to delay the contamination onset by applying surface suction along the attachment line. Two series of experiments are described; the first one was performed in a small wind tunnel at CERT ONERA, the second one was carried out in the F2 wind tunnel at Le Fauga Mauzac centre. Hot film measurements showed that leading edge contamination could be delayed up to very large Reynolds numbers. We also studied the behaviour of the relaminarized boundary layer downstream of the sucked region, along the span as well as in the chordwise direction.