高超声速风洞WDPR支撑尖锥模型应用可行性分析

绳牵引并联机构(WDPR)能够有效调整飞行器模型的位姿,为扩展风洞试验能力提供了一种新型支撑手段,具有很大的应用潜力。本文将对其在高超声速风洞中应用所涉及的稳定性与气动干扰问题进行研究。以10°尖锥标椎模型为例,设计了8绳牵引的并联支撑系统,可以通过调整绳长控制模型的位置和姿态。模拟了气动载荷作用下支撑系统的稳定性,优化牵引绳直径。基于构建的三维模型,借助CFD软件进行气动计算,包括马赫数为7.8时,不同迎角下绳牵引并联支撑锥体模型的气动力系数,通过与无绳支撑结果以及文献试验数据进行比较,表明在小迎角情况下,绳系支撑引起的气动干扰相对误差较小,但会随迎角的增大而增加。此外,分别对弯刀支撑和绳牵引并联支撑进行了模态分析,对比了2种支撑的固有频率。结果显示绳系支撑固有频率较高,系统刚度较大。本文的理论研究成果可为绳牵引并联支撑技术在高超声速风洞中的应用提供一定的技术支持。     

Brazing diamond grits onto AA7075 aluminium alloy substrate with Ag–Cu–Ti filler alloy by laser heating

The brazing of diamond is a promising way to fabricate grinding wheels for efficient machining and precision grinding. This work investigated the feasibility of bonding diamond grits onto Aluminium Alloy 7075 (AA7075) substrate with a Ag–Cu–Ti filler alloy via laser fusion brazing. The interfacial microstructures and the strength of the brazed diamond joints were studied. The cross-section of the brazed diamond joint consists of a molten filler alloy layer, a molten pool, a heat effect zone, a columnar crystal zone and an equiaxed crystal zone. Within the interface of the filler alloy/substrate metal, microstructures observed possibly were Ag(s.s), Al(s.s), TixAl, Al2Cu and Mg intermetallic compounds. A layer of TiC with a thickness of about 30–50 nm was found at the bonding interface of the diamond/filler alloy. The averaged peak shear force of the brazed joints was found to be approximately 39.8 N. The abrasion grinding test indicated that the diamond/AA7075 brazed joint was adequate for grinding. However, the pulled-off of grit was found to be the primary failure of this type of brazed joint. This work broadened the brazing diamond technique and the range of applications of brazed diamond wheels for efficient grinding.     

中国中部低层大气行星波无线电探空仪的观测研究

通过分析武汉、宜昌和恩施气象局无线电探空仪2001-2003年的观测数据,研究了中国中部地区对流层和低平流层中行星波的特性.通过Lomb-Scargle(L-S)的周期图方法发现了周期为准16天和周期为准10天的谱分量占据着主导地位.观察发现,较大振幅的行星波振荡主要集中在5-15 km之间.准16天行星波沿纬圈向西传播,对应的纬圈波数大约为2,水平波长约为17 324.8 km,传播相速度约为-12.5 m·s-1(东向为正),通过计算准16天行星波在10 km以下相位随高度的改变可以得到其垂直波长大约为25-30 km,而在对波层顶附近其相位几乎没有发生改变,呈现出静态波特性.准10天行星波沿纬圈向东传播,对应的纬圈波数大约为4,水平波长约为8627.3 km,传播相速度约为10.0 m·s-1,垂直波长约为22-40 km.      

钽钨合金表面铱涂层的制备及高温氧化性能

利用真空电弧离子沉积技术在钽钨合金表面沉积均匀致密的铱涂层,研究了钽钨合金/铱涂层的抗高温氧化性能和热震性能。结果表明:在800℃和1 100℃条件下,铱涂层可以有效保护钽钨合金,经过20 h后,铱涂层表面只发生轻微氧化,其表面形成褐色氧化铱产物;在1 900℃条件下,抗氧化寿命达10 h以上;在室温至(1 900±50)℃热震条件下,其寿命可达到1 000次以上。     

钛材降低成本的途径

降低钛及钛材加工生产成本是钛及钛材走向民用的重大问题。本文介绍了海绵钛、钛铸件、钛粉冶金产品、钛合金及残钛回收的低成本生产和加工方法，以期对推广钛的民用有所裨益。     

PC—DIO─96接口板在大尺寸计量标准中的应用

介绍了美国NI公司的数据采集板PC—DIO—96的功能,及其在Windows95下软硬件的安装,描述了如何使用其随板软件包,并给出了其三种主要功能（线功能、口功能和组功能）的程序框图。详细介绍了在“建立大尺寸计量标准”题目中应用该板进行环境参数的采集和电机控制。     

超塑成形技术研究及其在航空航天上的应用

从超塑成形技术的早期研究入手,综合分析了超塑成形技术的研究现状,包括合金材料、成形设备、陶瓷模具及模拟技术现状等,总结归纳了超塑成形技术在航空航天工业上的应用,重点介绍了EADS-CASA采用SPF或SPF/DB制造发动机零件及外壳零件,以及美国、欧空局、日本制造航天器贮箱的SPF技术,最后探讨了目前国际上超塑成形技术的几个主要研究方向,包括轻质镁合金的超塑成形、用于SPF的搅拌摩擦焊插件以及陶瓷、透明金属的超塑成形技术研究等。     

从10世纪以前的中日物质文化交流看落后文明对先进文明的学习

中日两国是一衣带水、隔海相望的近邻，有着两千多年的交往历史。在政治、经济、文化等诸多领域，两国人民始终有着密切的联系，特别是中国传统文化对日本本土文化的形成和发展产生了重大影响。本文通过在日本发现的大量中国文物，结合文献资料，从宏观上回顾了10世纪以前的中日物质文化交流。在此基础上，选取中国与日本发现的唐代铜镜为主要依据，在微观上对中日物质文化交流的实态、意义以及日本民族对待先进外来文化积极继承和发扬的态度进行思考、研究。     

Yield anisotropy and tension/compression asymmetry of a Ni3Al based intermetallic alloy

In order to investigate the yielding behavior of the newly developed Ni 3 Al-based intermetallic alloy IC10, yield stresses have been measured in tension and compression with different orientations. The specimens were cut from a sheet with different angles inclined from the solidification direction. The inclined angles were taken to be 0 , 22.5 , 45 , 67.5 and 90 . All experiments were conducted at room temperature except for orientation 0 , whose deformation temperatures ranged from 298 to 1273 K. Experimental results show that the yield strength of alloy IC10 has the anomalous behavior which has been observed for other Ll 2 -long-range ordered intermetallic alloys, but it is less pronounced. The abnormalities show the following characteristics: (i) the yield strength increases as the temperature is raised below the peak temperature, (ii) yield strength anisotropy, (iii) tension/compression asymmetry. Compared to Ni 3 Al single crystals, the polycrystalline exhibits some different yielding behaviors which may be due to the high volume fraction of c phase.     

The YORP effect on the GOES 8 and GOES 10 satellites: A case study

The Yarkovsky-O’Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack (YORP) effect is a proposed explanation for the observed rotation behavior of inactive satellites in Earth orbit. This paper further explores the YORP effect for highly asymmetric inactive satellites. Satellite models are developed to represent the GOES 8 and GOES 10 satellites, both of which are currently inactive in geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO). A simple satellite model for the GOES 8 satellite is used to analyze the short period variations of the angular velocity and obliquity as a result of the YORP effect. A more complex model for the rotational dynamics of the GOES 8 and GOES 10 satellites are developed to probe their sensitivity and to match observed spin periods and states of these satellites. The simulated rotation periods are compared to observations for both satellites. The comparison between YORP theory and observed rotation rates for both satellites show that the YORP effect could be the cause for the observed rotational behavior. The YORP model also predicts a novel state for the GOES 8 satellite, namely that it could periodically fall into a tumbling rotation state. Recent observations of this satellite are consistent with this prediction.