民航飞行员飞行错觉的应对

飞行员的飞行错觉一直是威胁飞行安全的一大隐患,历来是航空医学、航空心理学等领域的研究热点,但其在民航飞行中没有受到足够重视。本文通过查阅近40年来发生的由飞行错觉引起的严重民航飞行事故,结合其他学者的研究结果,提出飞行错觉应在民航飞行中受到更大程度的重视;基于近20年来国内外有关飞行错觉产生机制和训练方法与效果的研究成果,给出了以下应对飞行错觉的建议:从多层面检查前庭;筛选飞行员时增加场独立和视觉空间认知能力的测量;改变飞行仪表显示方式;飞行错觉恢复训练的模拟机程序(针对视性错觉的除外)应使用动态的背景。     

基于Remote Panels和小波变换技术的滑轨磨损远程监测系统

飞机襟、缝翼运动机构中滚轮滑轨的磨损状况对飞机的可靠性有很大的影响,为研究滚轮滑轨的磨损情况,通过Ni WLS-9234数据采集卡和LabView开发平台,采用Remote Panels远程监控技术以及小波变换技术,对滚轮和滑轨相对位移所产生的振动信号进行采集及分析,判断出磨损状况。该系统应用在某滚轮滑轨磨损试验机上可以测得滑轨磨损状况的一般信息。     

Designing method of acceleration and deceleration control schedule for variable cycle engine

Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance. However, this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule. In order to resolve this problem, the Transient-state Reverse Method (TRM) is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method (SRM) and the Virtual Power Extraction Method (VPEM). The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE. Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects, including the accuracy and the convergence rate. The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE. Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model. On the other hand, it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45% and 54%, respectively. Meanwhile, the surge margin of compressors, fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria. It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.     

A novel virtual material layer model for predicting natural frequencies of composite bolted joints

A novel virtual material layer model based on the fractal theory was proposed to predict the natural frequencies of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composite bolted joints. Rough contact surfaces of composite bolted joints are modeled with this new proposed approach. Numerical and experimental modal analyses were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. A good consistence is noted between the numerical and experimental results. To demonstrate the necessity of accurately modeling the rough contact surfaces in the prediction of natural frequencies, virtual material layer model was compared with the widely used traditional model based on the Master-Slave contact algorithm and experiments, respectively. Results show that the proposed model has a better agreement with experiments than the widely used traditional model (the prediction accuracy is raised by 8.77% when the pre-tightening torque is 0.5 N∙m). Real contact area ratio A* of three different virtual material layers were calculated. Value of A* were discussed with dimensionless load P*, fractal dimension D and fractal roughness G. This work provides a new efficient way for accurately modeling the rough contact surfaces and predicting the natural frequencies of composite bolted joints, which can be used to help engineers in the dynamic design of composite materials.     

航天器仪表与照明分系统设计和发展

航天器仪表与照明分系统承担着飞行器与航天员信息交互的任务,为航天员在轨工作、生活提供支持。分系统功能包括信息显示提示、越限报警提示、手动操作、工作生活照明、休闲娱乐等。文章给出了航天器仪表与照明分系统设计思路及分系统设计组成;分析了分系统技术应用情况;对应航天器设计和应用结果,提出了后续航天器的技术发展思路和设想。     

基于Creator和Vega的SAR成像仿真研究

以虚拟现实技术为背景,使用软件平台Visual C＋＋、Multigen Creator和Vega,设计实现了合成孔径雷达（SAR）实时成像仿真系统。文章介绍了SAR成像原理,论述了使用虚拟现实技术设计雷达仿真系统的流程及关键技术,并给出了实际仿真效果。仿真结果表明,该系统能够较好地模拟各种参数下的SAR成像,对雷达系统仿真评估有一定的辅助作用。     

级间开缝间隙传感器动态测试方法研究

针对某型号分离面间隙传感器的测试要求,提出了一种间隙位移传感器的动态测试方案,设计了测量系统,通过激光测试法测量并记录级间开缝间隙传感器CI1-27在自由弹出状态下的输出响应。经应用,该方法操作便捷,数据可靠,为间隙传感器的动态测试提供了一种新的参考。     

组合互感器检定方法探讨

提出了符合组合互感器运行状态的整体检定方法以及按元件分别检定计算整体误差的方法;给出了几种条件下电流、电压互感器和组合互感器的误差限值;对整体检定方法的优点和检定用标准器的选择进行了论述。     

基于网络计划技术的冷校靶流程

为提高飞机大修效率,缩短大修时间,对其中航炮冷校靶流程进行了分析,运用网络计划技术原理并根据逻辑关系绘制了航炮冷校靶网络图,采用关键线路法对关键工序进行优化,调整关键线路进而有效缩短航炮冷校靶时间,对于飞机大修其他工作流程也可应用网络计划技术,从而能有效地提高飞机大修效率。     

某型号姿控动力系统气体减压阀性能测试系统设计

围绕某型号姿控动力系统减压阀性能测试需求,提出一种基于PC104总线测试架构的设计方案。详细阐述了减压阀性能测试原理、硬件设计方案和软件开发思路,着重介绍了软件开发需求、总体架构、用户程序开发思路和软件设计关键技术等。实际应用表明,该系统操作简单、携带方便,测试精度优于0.2%,控制定时精度优于1 ms,满足减压阀性能测试要求。