振动辅助钻削对CFRP/钛合金叠层结构孔径阶差影响规律实验研究

在飞机部件装配过程中,CFRP/钛合金叠层结构的连接十分常见,而由于两种材料迥然不同的材料性能,导致制孔后存在孔径阶差,严重影响了CFRP/钛合金结构的疲劳强度。本文开展了低频轴向振动辅助钻削的正交实验,分析了低频振动辅助钻削工艺参数与切削力和切屑形态的关系以及工艺参数对CFRP/钛合金孔径阶差的影响。结果表明,由于低频振动辅助钻削刀具的周期性进给,钛合金切屑由连续长切屑变为扇形短屑,减少了对CFRP的扩孔效应,钻削区域切削热降低,平均轴向力降低;另外,振幅和进给量对孔径阶差的影响较为显著,而主轴转速的影响较小,且孔径阶差随着振幅的增大先减小后增大,随着进给量的增大而增大。通过试验验证和分析,确定面向孔径控制的最优工艺参数组合方案：主轴转速为600 r/min、进给量为0.02 mm/r、振幅为150μm。     

月面巡视器太阳能帆板功率衰减特性研究

太阳能帆板的功率衰减特性分析,对地外天体表面探测器的功率平衡、电源系统健康管理以及长寿命在轨管理有重要意义。通过对月面巡视器在轨运行第2到11月昼的电流遥测进行研究,提出了一种基于有限遥测的太阳能帆板功率衰减特性分析方法。首先利用一种滞环的方法对大量的电流遥测进行数据处理;然后进行日月距离和太阳入射角的归一化,通过数据拟合计算,得出落月第一年太阳能帆板功率衰减约为2.5%,并利用巡视器历次月昼唤醒时刻的太阳入射角变化情况验证了该方法的有效性,对地外天体的太阳能帆板功率衰减特性计算提供一定参考。     

基于负载变化的超声振子电学性能试验研究

针对超声波加工中振幅衰减和振幅不稳定现象,通过超声振子的静态加载试验,分析了轴向与径向加工负载力对超声振子电学特性的影响规律,以及超声振子电学参数的变化对超声振幅的影响机制。结果表明,超声振子的电学参数在径向负载力与轴向负载力的影响下有相似的变化趋势,即超声振子谐振频率与动态电阻随着负载力的增加而单向增大,动态电感与动态电容有相反的变化趋势,二者的综合效果使谐振频率随着负载力的增加而增大,静态电容在一定范围内波动,当超声振子所受的负载力增大到一定值时,超声振子的低频谐振点会消失。依据理论分析与试验研究结果,提出了改善振幅衰减和振幅不稳定现象的措施。     

Virtual sensing method for monitoring vibration of continuously variable configuration structures using long short-term memory networks

Vibration monitoring by virtual sensing methods has been well developed for linear time-invariant structures with limited sensors. However, few methods are proposed for Time-Varying (TV) structures which are inevitable in aerospace engineering. The core of vibration monitoring for TV structures is to describe the TV structural dynamic characteristics with accuracy and efficiency. This paper propose a new method using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for Continuously Variable Configuration Structures (CVCSs), which is an important subclass of TV structures. The configuration parameters are used to represent the time-varying dynamic characteristics by the “freezing” method. The relationship between TV dynamic characteristics and vibration responses is established by LSTM, and can be generalized to estimate the responses with unknown TV processes benefiting from the time translation invariance of LSTM. A numerical example and a liquid-filled pipe experiment are used to test the performance of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can accurately estimate the unmeasured responses for CVCSs to reveal the actual characteristics in time-domain and modal-domain. Besides, the average one-step estimation time of responses is less than the sampling interval. Thus, the proposed method is promising to on-line estimate the important responses of TV structures.     

振动控制中的理想特征结构及其最优配置

本文依据系统响应与其特征结构的关系，提出了振动控制的最优反馈特征结构配置方法，它针对结构承受的载荷，利用多目标优化理论，确定系统的理想特征结构，并文献的方法配置初始反馈，为了达到最优控制，文中建立了满足理想特征结构配置的目标函数，并且将保证最优控制的Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ方程作为约束条件，使得反馈在满意的控制品质下，消耗的控制能最小。     

一种使用EPROM的时间增益补偿电路

本文简要介绍了医用超声波类仪器的基本原理，分析了超声波类仪器中普遍采用的Ｔ．Ｇ．Ｃ电路的不足。为克服上述电路的不足，本文提出了该电路的一种新的设计方法并在实际中实现了该方法。     

Multi-objective optimization of frequency and damping of vertical stabilizer skin structure placed with variable-angle tows

The vibration characteristics of composite vertical stabilizer skin structures play a critical role in damping effects designed for overcoming the air disturbances experienced by aircraft structural components during flight. The first-order fundamental frequencies and their corresponding damping characteristics of the vertical stabilizer skin structure tow-steered by automatic fiber placement technique were optimized with the parameterized trajectories and plies as design variables. Firstly, the vibration and damping numerical models were derived based on Kirchhoff laminate theory, the Rayleigh-Ritz method, and the Strain Energy Method. Then the optimization model was developed by adopting the self-adaptive Differential Evolution Multi-objective optimization algorithm and incorporating the solution method of Pareto Front. The constraints of this optimization model considered the experimentally obtained minimum turning radius of prepregs tow-steered in automatic fiber placement process obtained from experimental tests. Finally, the comparison of numerical simulation results was conducted for the optimized trajectories and the conventional straight trajectories under various boundary conditions, and the numerical results were partially validated through damping and frequency tests. The results indicate the vibration characteristics of the composite vertical stabilizer skin structure can be enhanced to a large extent by optimizing fiber trajectories, and the enhancement percentage is affected by the boundary conditions of the actual structure.     

大型桥式机床立柱不同材料的特性分析

采用数值计算方法,比较了混凝土、铸铁和钢3种不同材料立柱的静载抗压能力以及冲击力下的瞬态响应,分析数据表明,钢立柱具有最好的承压能力,在相同压力下静变形最小;由于阻尼的原因,混凝土立柱的振幅受到明显限制,冲击力作用下振动衰减的较快,在更加关注减振性能的高速高性能加工领域,采用混凝土立柱是更好的选择.     

磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺高速转子高频自激振动的抑制

磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺（CMG）中转子一阶弹性模态自激振动是影响磁悬浮高速转子系统稳定性的关键因素之一.自激振动通常可以采用陷波器（NF）进行抑制,然而引入NF或改变其参数以及转子转速的变化均会改变模态自激频率,因而难以直接准确地确定NF参数.本文提出一种仿真确定NF参数的方法,通过转子弹性模态缩减建模和模态参数确定得到准确的弹性转子动力学模型,进而采用闭环仿真优化确定NF中心频率和极点阻尼.采用该方法设计的NF有效抑制了转子的高频弹性模态自激振动,使得磁悬浮CMG转子可以稳定升速到24000r/min.实验结果验证了该方法的实用性和有效性.     

振动技术在复合固体推进剂浇注工艺中的应用

为了克服在复合团体推进剂浇注过程中采用的常规真空浇注工艺的缺陷，采用了振动浇注技术。对６种配方的高粘度丁羟推进剂进行了实验研究，得出了适用的振动频率和加速度范围。该浇注技术已应用于某小型发动机装药生产中，成品合格率达１００％。