光纤衰减测试系统的研究

在光纤通信中,光纤衰减是光纤捏的一项重要指标,通常需要测试光纤在某一较宽频段内各个波长的光纤衰减值,以选择合适的光源工作波长,笔者设计了一种新颖的双频检测光电系统,并采用单片机进行数据采集和处理。     

节流通道振动对流动振荡的数值模拟研究

在由于超燃冲压发动机空间狭小,经常通过测量节流结构的压差来反算燃料流量。然而,我们在实验中发现渐缩渐扩结构通道在振动环境中会引起燃料的流动振荡现象,具体体现在喉部两端压差发生周期性变化,导致流量测量出现偏差,甚至会导致传热恶化和结构的损坏。为了了解流动振荡的机制,我们建立了渐缩渐扩通道的三维模型,并通过实验数据进行了验证。本文分析了振动环境下渐缩渐扩通道中流体动力学特性,研究了不同条件下稳定流场和非稳定流场,分析了雷诺数和振动强度对流动振荡的影响。研究表明,管道振动方向和流动方向一致时,导致流动分离区域和主流区域周期性的运动,从而导致流动振荡现象。流体雷诺数、振动强度和振动频率会影响流动分离区域的运动,从而影响到流动振荡。本文解释了振动环境下的渐缩渐扩管道的流动振荡现象,为流量计的设计提够了理论指导。     

A noise attenuation method for medium-energy electron measurements in the radiation belt

From the viewpoint of plasma particle measurements in the radiation belt, background noise is a serious problem. High-energy particles penetrating the sensor shielding generate spurious signals, and their count rate often can be comparable to the true signals. In order to attenuate such background noise during medium-energy (5–83 keV) electron measurements, we propose the double energy analyses (DEA) method. DEA is conducted by a combination of an electrostatic analyser (ESA) and avalanche photo-diodes (APDs); ESA and APD independently determine the energy of each incoming particle. By using the DEA method, therefore, the penetrating particles can be rejected when the two energy determinations are inconsistent; spurious noise are caused only when the deposited energy at an APD is by chance consistent with the measured energy by ESA. We formulate the noise count rate and show the advantage of DEA method quantitatively.     

基于有限元--离散元耦合的粒子阻尼减振研究

在侧挂构型发射任务中,中心承力筒与卫星直接连接,其动力学特性对卫星的振动响应有直接影响。首先分析中心承力筒的模态特性,据此完成粒子阻尼器的结构参数设计。随后,使用有限元--离散元耦合仿真方法,确定了阻尼器填充粒子的最佳直径和阻尼器最佳安装位置。仿真结果表明,该方案下星箭界面减振效果可达40%。最后,使用最优粒子阻尼参数开展水平激励实验。实验结果表明,与未安装粒子阻尼器相比,中心承力筒+粒子阻尼器组合体的减振效果可达35%以上,与仿真结果一致。     

液体火箭发动机音叉式涡轮叶盘振动特性研究

某液体火箭发动机整体叶盘音叉式涡轮转子的盘-轴根部圆角在试车考核中曾多次出现裂纹故障.为分析裂纹产生原因,通过数值计算及模态实验获取了该转子受力状态、振型、阻尼比等结构振动特性.结合振动信号分析,将裂纹故障原因聚焦到叶盘的二节径型振动.通过高频速变压力测量,得到涡轮流场内压力脉动数据,间接获取了该转子工作状态下的振动特...     

Adaptive sensitive frequency band selection for VMD to identify defective components of an axial piston pump

The underlying study investigates single valued neutrosophic entropy based adaptive sensitive frequency band selection for variational mode decomposition(VMD) for the purpose of identifying defective components in an axial pump. The proposed methodology is applied in the following steps. First, VMD is applied for decomposing vibration signals into various frequency bands, called as modes. After computing energy of each VMD, the lower(minimum) and upper(maximum) bounds from these energy readings ...     

基于加速动态拉格朗日法的摩擦片阻尼分析

提出了一种可用于增强薄壁结构阻尼的波纹形片状干摩擦阻尼器，并利用一种改进的非线性动力学计算方法对其稳态响应特性进行了分析。首先通过两重减缩使非线性系统自由度变成接触节点间相对位移的形式从而降低矩阵规模，在高阶谐波平衡法的基础上引入了速度型动态拉格朗日法，并通过提供解析形式的雅克比矩阵来提高计算效率与数值稳定性，从而构成了用于预测非线性系统强迫响应的算法。在一个集中参数模型上用切向/法向刚度法与时域推进法这两种主流非线性计算方法对本文算法的合理性进行了验证。利用该算法对带有波纹形阻尼器的薄壁板结构进行分析，结果表明，摩擦片对薄壁板有很好的振动抑制作用，在质量仅占主体结构0.6%的情况下，能够使共振峰值下降75.4%。该算法表现出较高的计算效率，减缩模型使用和解析雅克比矩阵的引入使CPU时间减小到原来的0.5%以下。     

基于水射流支撑的细长轴加工振动控制研究

振动严重影响细长轴的加工质量,由于细长轴类长径比大、刚性差,故很难控制其切削过程产生的振动.本文从振动的角度对细长轴切削时变形情况进行了分析,建立其振动的数学模型,并提出运用水射流辅助支撑来控制细长轴在切削过程中的振动.最后,对细长轴在有无水射流辅助支撑作用下进行了试验对比分析.结果表明,水射流辅助支撑可很好地控制细长轴加工振动,为提高细长轴的精度提供理论指导.     

刚柔耦合系统神经网络跟踪控制方法研究

针对刚柔耦合系统的姿态跟踪及振动抑制问题,采用一次近似动力学模型,提出了一种神经网络控制方法.典型刚柔耦合系统由一个中心刚体和带有末端质量块的柔性附件组成,假设系统参数未知并且截断模型具有任意的有限维.该方法利用多层神经网络补偿系统非线性项及未建模动态,利用其自学习和自适应能力,降低不确定性因素对系统产生的影响;并且控制器只利用姿态角和角速度信息进行反馈控制,不需要知道柔性附件振动信息.理论分析和实验结果表明该方法使闭环系统所有信号一致最终有界,能有效地使系统完成姿态跟踪,而且能显著地减少柔性结构的弹性振动.     

Impact vibration reduction for flexible manipulators via controllable local degrees of freedom

When performing operation tasks, the interaction between a flexible manipulator and a grasped object usually results in an impact. In this paper, a new way is suggested to alleviate impact vibration of a flexible manipulator via its structural characteristic when capturing a moving object. Controllable local degrees of freedom are introduced to the topological structure of the flexible manipulator, and used as an effective tool to combat impact vibration through dynamic coupling. A corresponding method is put forward to reduce impact vibration responses of the flexible manip- ulator via the controllable local degrees of freedom. By planning motion of the controllable local degrees of freedom, appropriate control force can be constructed to increase the modal damping and stiffness and eliminate the exciting force simultaneously, thereby reducing impact vibration responses of the flexible manipulator. Simulations are conducted and results are shown to prove the presented method.