压电桁架结构动力学建模与振动控制

考虑叠层压电陶瓷主动杆件的机电耦合效应，建立了压电桁架结构机电耦合有限元动力学模型，给出结构系统检测方程，并分析其动态特性，除位移模态外，得到了系统电势模态。采用独立模态空间控制方法对结构振动进行控制，并进行压电主动杆件的多目标最优配置，除控制能量最小化外，对非控模态的控制溢出和观测溢出最小化是另外两个优化配置目标函数，算例表明分析方法的有效性和可行性。     

晃动基座初始对准环境建模与仿真

针对火箭初始对准时存在外界扰动,提出一种适用于风扰动的初始对准环境建模与仿真方法,可用于运载火箭扰动环境下初始对准仿真验证.根据风场特性和振动理论,分别建立了地面风和风干扰下的箭体振动模型,实现了晃动基座下的环境仿真和对捷联惯组测量输出的模拟.仿真结果显示,箭体振动特性与实测值一致,所模拟的惯组输出与箭体晃动吻合,表明模型正确有效.该方法能够为晃动环境下初始对准仿真研究提供更加符合实际特性的数据源.     

Two-stage open-loop velocity compensating method applied to multi-mass elastic transmission system

In this paper, a novel vibration-suppression open-loop control method for multi-mass system is proposed, which uses two-stage velocity compensating algorithm and fuzzy I ＋ P control- ler. This compensating method is based on model-based control theory in order to provide a damp- ing effect on the system mechanical part. The mathematical model of multi-mass system is built and reduced to estimate the velocities of masses. The velocity difference between adjacent masses is cal- culated dynamically. A 3-mass system is regarded as the composition of two 2-mass systems in order to realize the two-stage compensating algorithm. Instead of using a typical PI controller in the velocity compensating loop, a fuzzy I ＋ P controller is designed and its input variables are decided according to their impact on the system, which is different from the conventional fuzzy PID controller designing rules. Simulations and experimental results show that the proposed veloc- ity compensating method is effective in suppressing vibration on a 3-mass system and it has a better performance when the designed fuzzy I ＋ P controller is utilized in the control system.     

飞机液压管路系统振动应力测试研究

飞机液压管路系统振动不仅影响液压系统的工作性能及寿命,还将严重影响飞机的飞行安全。在首次飞行前,必须对其液压管路系统进行振动和应力测试分析。采用加速度和应力测试相结合的方法,通过仿真确定实测点,并将实测结果与仿真结果比较,获得飞机液压管路振动的合理测试方法与判据,为判断飞机液压管路振动是否在正常范围内提供便捷、可靠的数据。     

碳纤维增强复合材料结构阻尼性能研究

碳纤维增强复合材料的阻尼性能对所应用结构的动态承载能力、可靠性和安全性有重要影响。复合材料阻尼机理复杂,很难采用理论方法研究。本文基于瞬态激励法原理,设计了悬臂梁振动试验,利用有理分式多项式法提取试样的模态频率和模态损耗因子。分别对603和603A两种树脂基体,各三种T300纤维铺层方向的复合材料试样进行了振动测试,获得了材料1 kHz以内的动刚度和阻尼特性。结果表明,基体材料组分和纤维铺层方向对碳纤维增强复合材料的结构刚度和阻尼性能有重要影响;603A基体的碳纤维增强复合材料具有较603基体材料更好的损耗因子。铺层方向对结构阻尼的影响主要是通过对结构刚度的影响而体现出来的,不同纤维铺层方向的复合材料试样刚度差别很大。     

带套齿连接结构的转子系统振动稳定性实验研究

为了研究带套齿连接结构的转子系统振动稳定性,推导了套齿连接结构的内摩擦力表达式,由此求解了转子系统振动失稳的条件.设计并搭建了带柔性和刚性两种不同套齿连接结构的实验转子系统.实验研究了带不同套齿连接结构的转子系统振动的稳定性.实验发现,带柔性套齿连接结构的转子系统易于发生由内、外套齿齿面间内摩擦所引起的振动失稳.失稳的...     

航空发动机高低压转子间碰摩故障特征提取

针对变分模态分解(VMD)需要人为确定输入参数的问题,提出了一种参数自适应VMD(APVMD)方法,其通过粒子群(PSO)算法优化VMD的输入参数.使用APVMD结合切片谱的方法,对双转子航空发动机振动正常和异常状态下的实测弹性支承应变信号进行分析.分析结果表明,APVMD方法可以自适应地实现对实测弹性支承应变信号的分...     

Cosmological Shock Waves

Large-scale structure formation, accretion and merging processes, AGN activity produce cosmological gas shocks. The shocks convert a fraction of the energy of gravitationally accelerated flows to internal energy of the gas. Being the main gas-heating agent, cosmological shocks could amplify magnetic fields and accelerate energetic particles via the multi-fluid plasma relaxation processes. We first discuss the basic properties of standard single-fluid shocks. Cosmological plasma shocks are expected to be collisionless. We then review the plasma processes responsible for the microscopic structure of collisionless shocks. A tiny fraction of the particles crossing the shock is injected into the non-thermal energetic component that could get a substantial part of the ram pressure power dissipated at the shock. The energetic particles penetrate deep into the shock upstream producing an extended shock precursor. Scaling relations for postshock ion temperature and entropy as functions of shock velocity in strong collisionless multi-fluid shocks are discussed. We show that the multi-fluid nature of collisionless shocks results in excessive gas compression, energetic particle acceleration, precursor gas heating, magnetic field amplification and non-thermal emission. Multi-fluid shocks provide a reduced gas entropy production and could also modify the observable thermodynamic scaling relations for clusters of galaxies.     

可变喷管涡扇发动机加速性和稳定性预测

为研究可变喷管调节规律对涡扇发动机加速性和稳定性的影响，基于某型涡扇发动机变几何部件特性，应用变比热容方法建立了发动机加速动态仿真模型，针对不同的喷管调节方案对发动机加速性和稳定性进行了计算和综合分析，结果表明，所建立的仿真模型不仅可用于可变喷管涡扇发动机加速过程的加速性及稳定性预测，也可用于可变喷管涡扇发动机加速过程喷管调节规律的优化设计。     

滚压钛合金导管振动疲劳特性分析

按照振动疲劳试验方法和失效准则进行了滚压连接形式的钛合金导管振动疲劳极限寿命测试,利用激光位移传感器测试自由端位移,用电阻应变计测定了试件根部的应变,根据位移和应变响应谱确定试件第一阶频率,并进行定频振动疲劳极限测试.预试验发现,试件第一阶响应频率随载荷增加发生明显下降(超过1％).为满足产品定寿要求,采用递进式扫频试验,消除滚压试件的连接间隙,直至试件频率响应稳定,再进行定频振动疲劳试验.通过此次测试得到滚压连接的钛合金导管在2× 10 7循环基数,可靠度为95％时的振动疲劳极限为115MPa.