Study of TEC changes during geomagnetic storms occurred near the crest of the equatorial ionospheric ionization anomaly in the Indian sector

GPS satellites data obtained at Bhopal (23.16° N, 77.36° E, geomagnetic latitude 14.23° N) India were analyzed to study the TEC changes during several geomagnetic storms (−300 nT < Dst < −50 nT) occurred in 2005–2007. We had segregated the storms according to the Dst value, i.e. moderate storms (−100 nT < Dst ? −50 nT), strong storms (−150 nT < Dst < −100 nT), and severe storms (Dst less than −150 nT). Total of 21 geomagnetic storms (10 moderate, 9 strong, 2 severe) are considered for the present study. Deviation in vertical total electron content (VTEC) during the main phase of the storm was found to be associated with the prompt penetration of electric field originated due to the under-shielding and over-shielding conditions for almost all geomagnetic storms discussed in this paper. For most of the storms VTEC shows the positive percentage deviation during the main phase while it shows positive as well as the negative deviation during the recovery phase of the storms. The −80% deviation in VTEC was found for geomagnetic storm occurred on July 17, 2005 and the negative trend continued for recovery phase of the storm. This was mainly due to the thermospheric composition changes by Joule heating effect at auroral latitudes that generate electric field disturbance at low latitudes. Traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) were responsible for the formation of wave like nature in VTEC for the storms occurred on May 15, 2005, whereas it was not observed for storm occurred on August 24, 2005.     

关于域F上的向量空间V的一个性质的证明

利用扩张域论述方法，证明域Ｆ上的向量空间Ｖ的一个基本性质，即在Ｆ上，Ｖ关于Ｆ的基底的元数等于维数（Ｖ：Ｆ）。     

计算空气动力学的流场和图形显示技术

本文阐述了计算空气动力学流场和图形显示的重要性,它的基本方法和主要内容;介绍了在VAX计算机上研制的计算空气动力学流场和图形显示软件的主要功能。     

A Self-Consistent Determination of the Temperature Profile and The Magnetic Field Geometry in Winds of Late-Type Stars

Cool giant and supergiant stars generally present low velocity winds with high mass-loss rates. Several models have been proposed to explain the acceleration process of these winds. Although dust is known to be present in these objects, the radiation pressure on these particles is uneffective in reproducing the observed physical parameters of the wind. The most promising acceleration mechanism cited in the literature is the transference of momentum and energy from Alfvén waves to the gas. Usually, these models consider the wind to be isothermal. We present a stellar wind model in which the Alfvén waves are used as the main acceleration mechanism, and determine the temperature profile by solving the energy equation taking into account both the radiative losses and the wave heating. We also determine, self-consistently, the magnetic field geometry as the result of the competition between the magnetic field and the thermal pressure gradient. As the main result, we show that the magnetic geometry presents a super-radial index in the region where the gas pressure is increasing. However, this super-radial index is greater than that observed for the solar corona.     

Cassini Radio Science

Cassini radio science investigations will be conducted both during the cruise (gravitational wave and conjunction experiments) and the Saturnian tour of the mission (atmospheric and ionospheric occultations, ring occultations, determinations of masses and gravity fields). New technologies in the construction of the instrument, which consists of a portion on-board the spacecraft and another portion on the ground, including the use of the Ka-band signal in addition to that of the S- and X-bands, open opportunities for important discoveries in each of the above scientific areas, due to increased accuracy, resolution, sensitivity, and dynamic range.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

基于卡尔曼滤波器残差的矢量跟踪完好性研究

针对接收机跟踪卫星导航信号时可能发生的各类故障,利用卡尔曼滤波器的残差观测量进行滤波,通常可以在不借助冗余观测量的情况下快速检测和隔离故障。建立软件接收机平台,利用卡尔曼滤波器进行导航信号的矢量跟踪,在跟踪环中模拟故障的发生并依靠残差序列滤波的方法检测并排除错误观测量。实验表明,在算法模拟的短时较大幅度干扰下,完好性监测方法可以快速检测并排除错误观测量对环路跟踪的影响,且无需冗余观测量。     

Perpendicular transport of charged particles: Results for the unified nonlinear transport theory derived from the Newton–Lorentz equation

The perpendicular diffusion coefficient is calculated by combining a recently developed Unified Nonlinear Transport (UNLT) theory with the Newton–Lorentz equation. The total perpendicular mean free path can be described as a combination of a guiding center contribution and a microscopic contribution. It is shown that the total mean free path depends strongly on the energy range of the turbulence power spectrum and on particle energy. Further, a slab/2D composite model is used to investigate the influence of each contribution to the total mean free path for a quasi-3D turbulence model. For pure 2D turbulence the UNLT reduces to the NLGC-theory. For pure slab turbulence the guiding center contribution is subdiffusive in accordance with simulations and the theorem on reduced dimensionality. Conversely, the microscopic contribution is non-zero, which has to be interpreted as normal diffusion.     

矢量水听器标准装置水声低频计量应用研究

对矢量水听器标准装置在水声低频计量中的应用进行了研究,简要介绍了水声低频计量中矢量、传统压电陶瓷两种类型水听器的测量原理,对矢量水听器标准装置和低频水声计量标准装置的适用对象、性能特点进行了分析和比较。通过现场实测数据,对矢量水听器标准装置用于传统压电陶瓷水听器低频校准的可行性进行了论证。论证结果表明,该矢量水听器标准装置除了可以用于矢量水听器的校准,也适用于传统压电陶瓷水听器的测试或校准,可以弥补低频水声计量标准装置受被测件最大尺寸局限的不足。     

在片功率参数校准方法研究

针对在片功率参数的校准需求,分析如何通过矢量方法修正由于微波探针和功率计引入的失配误差,并推导相关修正公式。同时对在片功率测量矢量修正中涉及的微波探针S参数提取方法做介绍,并将试验提取的S参数与微波探针的出厂数据比较。最后将在片功率参数测量的矢量修正数据分别与标量修正数据和未修正数据比较,结果表明,在40GHz内,运用矢量修正得到的在片功率参数测量结果准确度较未修正结果提高0.4dB,较标量修正结果提高0.1dB。     

ICVI工艺致密化C/C复合材料的数值模拟

为了研究等温化学气相渗透( ICVI)工艺制备C/C复合材料过程中预制体的致密化过程及流场和温度场的分布,利用COMSOL软件建立预制体致密化过程中传质、传热和孔隙率变化的多场耦合模型。以甲烷为前驱体,将动量和能量守恒方程进行耦合计算,计算结果表明,在传质最初始阶段,前驱体温度迅速升高至设定的沉积温度,且整个反应器内部温度分布均匀。根据以上计算结果,设定温度为定值,耦合质量、动量守恒方程和孔隙率变化方程,通过计算得到在开始致密化阶段预制体最大密度分布在预制体中部,随着致密化进行,该区域向外侧移动。致密化150 h后,不同时间预制体整体平均密度的计算值与实验值吻合较好,验证了致密化模型的可靠性。