Modeling and Optimal Design of 3 Degrees of Freedom Helmholtz Resonator in Hydraulic System

Three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) Helmholtz resonator which consists of three cylindrical necks and cavities connected in series (neck-cavity-neck-cavity-neck-cavity) is suitable to reduce flow pulsation in hydraulic system. A novel lumped parameter model (LPM) of 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator in hydraulic system is developed which considers the viscous friction loss of hydraulic fluid in the necks. Applying the Newton’s second law of motion to the equivalent mechanical model of the resonator, closed-form expression of transmission loss and resonance frequency is presented. Based on the LPM, an optimal design method which employs rotate vector optimization method (RVOM) is proposed. The purpose of the optimal design is to search the resonator’s unknown parameters so that its resonance frequencies can coincide with the pump-induced flow pulsation harmonics respectively. The optimal design method is realized to design 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator for a certain type of aviation piston pump hydraulic system. The optimization result shows the feasibility of this method, and the simulation under optimum parameters reveals that the LPM can get the same precision as transfer matrix method (TMM).     

基于度的结构区间可靠性分析方法研究

为了分析考虑不确定性因素影响下的结构可靠性,基于不确定性参数的区间描述,用度的方法对结构区间可靠性进行分析。用区间数描述影响结构功能的不确定性,建立结构可靠性分析的区间应力一强度干涉模型,将这些区间变量引入到结构区间可靠性的分析中。基于区间数学以及区间数比较方法理论,提出了一种新的区间可靠性指标。运用基于度的结构区间可靠性分析方法进行计算,分析结果表明该方法具有良好的数学性质,计算得出的结果与用非概率可靠性计算结果相一致,表明该方法可以对结构安全或可靠的程度做出合理的估计。     

基于多活性代理的多星测控调度方法

多星测控调度问题是一个具有多时间窗口、多资源约束的优化问题,其中多星测控任务调度的建模和求解算法是关键。在多活性代理理论的基础上,引入任务调度活性度概念及多活性代理活性保持的协调协商机制,建立基于活性度的多星测控调度模型,并给出一种多活性代理协调协商遗传算法。最后给出实验示例对所提出的算法进行仿真验证。仿真实验表明,所提出的基于多活性代理协商协调的模型及算法能够更好地解决多星测控任务调度问题。     

光纤捷联惯性测量组合八点减振与四点减振模式比较

对于光纤陀螺捷联惯性测量组合减振设计中常用的八点减振隔振模式和四点减振隔振模式进行分析比较,建立动力学模型,并进行试验验证。可为光纤捷联惯组减振设计和误差分析提供一定的指导。     

脉冲发动机中隔层传热炭化模型

为分析脉冲发动机中隔层的绝热效果及温度变化情况,推导了隔层两种炭化模型的计算公式,对比实际发动机试车结果,模型一误差为20%,模型二误差为6.7%,炭化模型二具有较好的精度;数值模拟了隔层的热传导过程,将是否考虑炭化影响的隔层传热深度及温度分布与理论计算结果进行对比,未考虑炭化影响计算结果的误差在14.3%以上,考虑炭化影响计算结果的误差均小于10%。研究结果表明,预估隔层炭化深度时,应该运用炭化模型二;计算隔层的温度场分布时,必须考虑炭化影响。     

Modified energy cascade model adapted for a multicrop Lunar greenhouse prototype

Models are required to accurately predict mass and energy balances in a bioregenerative life support system. A modified energy cascade model was used to predict outputs of a multi-crop (tomatoes, potatoes, lettuce and strawberries) Lunar greenhouse prototype. The model performance was evaluated against measured data obtained from several system closure experiments. The model predictions corresponded well to those obtained from experimental measurements for the overall system closure test period (five months), especially for biomass produced (0.7% underestimated), water consumption (0.3% overestimated) and condensate production (0.5% overestimated). However, the model was less accurate when the results were compared with data obtained from a shorter experimental time period, with 31%, 48% and 51% error for biomass uptake, water consumption, and condensate production, respectively, which were obtained under more complex crop production patterns (e.g. tall tomato plants covering part of the lettuce production zones). These results, together with a model sensitivity analysis highlighted the necessity of periodic characterization of the environmental parameters (e.g. light levels, air leakage) in the Lunar greenhouse.     

Full-scale crash test and FEM simulation of a crashworthy helicopter seat

Crashworthy seat structure with considerable energy absorption capacity is a key component for aircraft to improve its crashworthiness and occupant survivability in emergencies.According to Federal Aviation Administration(FAA) regulations,seat performance must be certified by dynamic crash test which is quite expensive and time-consuming.For this reason,numerical simulation is a more efficient and economical approach to provide the possibility to assess seat performances and predict occupant responses.A numerical simulation of the crashworthy seat structure was presented and the results were also compared with the full-scale crash test data.In the numerical simulation,a full-scale three-dimensional finite element model of the seat/occupant structure was developed using a nonlinear and explicit dynamic finite element code LS-DYNA3D.Emphasis of the numerical simulation was on predicting the dynamic response of seat/occupant system,including the occupant motion which may lead to injuries,the occupant acceleration-time histories,and the energy absorbing behavior of the energy absorbers.The agreement between the simulation and the physical test suggestes that the developed numerical simulation can be a feasible substitute for the dynamic crash test.      

火星着陆器地形测图技术研究

分析了勇气号、机遇号、好奇心号火星漫游车和凤凰号火星着陆器的测图遥感器性能、数据处理技术和火星地形测图产品;提出了火星地形测图未来发展的一些趋势,如遥感器向高分辨率、立体彩色遥感器的方向发展,数字立体摄影测量技术和光倾斜测量技术及激光测高技术将更加紧密融合并相互补充,正在由单一的测图产品向多种数字产品发展,测图产品的精度也在大幅度提高。     

卫星公用平台成熟度研究

介绍了国内外成熟度评估体系的发展情况,提出了平台配套单机产品成熟度等级分布、平台内/外部接口控制能力等用于评价卫星公用平台成熟度的6项要素。建立了用于表征卫星公用平台从原理平台开始,逐步进阶为有可靠性保证的多型号通用平台全过程的6级成熟度模型。最后分析了成熟度在指导平台系列化发展与平台快速成熟中的应用前景。     

SAR图像强回波目标检测的偏态分布方差方法

对复杂背景下的SAR图像强回波目标检测问题进行了研究,提出了基于偏态分布方差的自适应检测算法。首先设计一种新的基于偏态分布模型的方差滤波器,偏态分布方差滤波器可减少相干斑噪声对检测的不良影响,提高图像方差的差异性,即强目标回波边缘灰度方差相对于强目标回波灰度方差、背景杂波灰度方差更小。其次,算法改进了根据图像复杂度自动选取阈值方法,通过自适应检测小方差像素,实现强回波目标检测。仿真结果说明该算法能够对SAR图像强回波目标较快地进行准确检测。相比方差特征法(VAR)和扩展分形特征法(EF)在检测速度与虚警率方面均具有较大的优越性。