Effect of turbulence models on predicting convective heat transfer to hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure

A variety of turbulence models were used to perform numerical simulations of heat transfer for hydrocarbon fuel flowing upward and downward through uniformly heated vertical pipes at supercritical pressure. Inlet temperatures varied from 373 K to 663 K, with heat flux rang-ing from 300 kW/m2 to 550 kW/m2. Comparative analyses between predicted and experimental results were used to evaluate the ability of turbulence models to respond to variable thermophys-ical properties of hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure. It was found that the prediction per-formance of turbulence models is mainly determined by the damping function, which enables them to respond differently to local flow conditions. Although prediction accuracy for experimental results varied from condition to condition, the shear stress transport (SST) and launder and sharma models performed better than all other models used in the study. For very small buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration due to variations in density lead to the impairment of heat transfer occurring in the vicinity of pseudo-critical points, and heat transfer was enhanced at higher temperatures through the combined action of four thermophysical properties: density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat. For very large buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration effect was over predicted by the LS and AB models.     

直升机变转速传动技术的发展需求和现状

简要分析了直升机的发展,特别是高速旋翼机对于变转速传动系统技术的需求,介绍了技术发展历程及在型号上应用的情况;阐述了当前研究的几种变转速传动系统技术方案的构型和原理,包括NASA的LCTR2传动系统方案,以及西科斯基公司和贝尔公司的几个方案;最后,文章对变转速传动系统技术的发展前景做出了展望.     

基于ADAMS的静叶联调机构参数化设计

针对压气机静子叶片调节机构空间运动关系复杂、设计难度大的问题,提出了1种以3维参数化仿真为核心,进行压气机静叶联调机构方案设计的方法.基于ADAMS平台建立调节机构的简易模型,利用软件参数化分析模块研究了模型中决定机构性能的关键设计变量的确定方法;在此基础上,以某型压气机调节机构为例,利用参数化方法进行了该机构的方案设计.结果表明:在方案设计阶段,参数化分析方法可快速、有效地进行调节机构结构参数选取与优化,使模型的运动/动力学仿真结果满足设计要求.     

高性能亚音速平面叶栅风洞设计

论述了用于测量压气机和涡轮叶片在亚声速状态下的二维气动特性的平面叶栅风洞设计问题。风洞采取暂冲式直流型式,由压缩机和储气罐提供高压气流,稳定段前采用大开角扩散段,并在扩散段进口段设置整流锥,锥后加装两层球面整流网,收缩段与稳定段连接处加设唇口,唇口与收缩段型面曲线均为双三次曲线,为防止试验段由于内外压力差导致漏气所造成的压力损失,在试验段外部加装了驻室结构,出口气流通过消声塔降低噪音再排入大气。风洞整体参数居于国内领先水平。     

基于ABAQUS二次开发变角度层合板屈曲特性分析

基于ABAQUS二次开发,探究周期函数曲线纤维路径变角度复合材料层合板的屈曲特性。首先,以正弦曲线为基本参考路径为例,得到纤维角度的变化规律;然后,利用Python编写变角度复合材料层合板的有限元分析前处理程序,开发出ABAQUS交互式界面;最后,利用本文开发的GUI插件,对经典定角度和变角度层合板进行屈曲分析。结果表明,变角度层合板的屈曲载荷有很大提高,并且随着幅值参数A和周期参数T逐渐增大,一阶线性屈曲均是呈先增大后减小的趋势,因此基于铺层稳定性,参数应控制在相应的范围。采用Python对ABAQUS进行二次开发,从而实现变角度层合板的自动建模和计算分析,为实际工程研究提供了研究思路和流程,有一定的实践意义。     

局部规则涂层对气冷叶片测温影响的数值研究

为研究微细热电偶测温安装涂层对其测量精度的影响机理,基于气固耦合传热(CHT)方法,建立了接近真实气膜冷却叶片的三维模型,选择SST(shear stress transport) γ -θ湍流模型,对未喷涂氧化铝涂层与在叶片吸力面前缘、压力面前缘、压力面尾缘处喷涂氧化铝涂层后的气冷叶片表面温度进行数值研究。无涂层工况的数值计算结果与实验结果误差控制在5%以下,验证了数值方法的有效性。研究结果表明:涂层对近壁面燃气的流动特性产生显著影响;三种有涂层工况的数值计算结果表明,压力面前缘处比吸力面前缘处温差波幅小,且比压力面尾缘处测温误差降低35.5%;在压力面及吸力面前缘处,最佳测温区域为涂层中部至下端之间的部位,而在压力面尾缘处,最佳测温区域尽量选择靠近涂层上端部位。      

闪电防护铜网在航空复材制件VARI成型工艺中的树脂导流应用

复合材料在民机结构中的大量应用对航空复材制件的闪电防护提出了新的要求,与此同时,以VARI工艺为代表的复材液体成型技术愈发受到关注,常用导流网在VARI工艺中造成浪费也易引起质量问题,结合这两方面的需求,提出将闪电防护铜网用作导流介质,在表面应用类的航空复材制件的VARI成型工艺中,将铜网的闪电防护作用和树脂导流作用进行集成,并对闪电防护铜网在VARI工艺中的树脂导流作用进行了试验分析,研究了引入铜网导流后VARI制件的注胶情况、铜网层数对树脂渗透率的影响,以及制件最终成型效果和表面质量。本研究对于丰富复材VARI成型工艺技术手段,提升VARI工艺的综合经济性,进一步拓展VARI工艺在民机复材结构中的应用都具有积极意义。     

核心机驱动风扇级气动设计方案

以某核心机驱动风扇级（CDFS）设计指标为牵引,采用CFD数值模拟方法分析了不同结构形式进口导向器（IGV）对CDFS性能的影响.结果表明:进口导向器可调、静子不可调的气动设计方案能够满足CDFS设计指标;进口导向器的调节方式对CDFS性能影响很大,对于可变弯度进口导向器,需要选择合适的可变弯度位置和关闭角度;模式转换中,在单外涵模式静子选择偏负攻角设计有利;CDFS单外涵模式与双外涵模式产生损失的原因不同,前者主要是转子通道激波,后者主要是进口导向器吸力面附面层气流分离.      

Assembly Variation Identification of High Pressure Spool by Response Surface Based Model Updating Using IV-optimal Designs

This article, in order to improve the assembly of the high-pressure spool, presents an assembly variation identification method achieved by response surface method (RSM)-based model updating using IV-optimal designs. The method involves screening out non-relevant assembly parameters using IV-optimal designs and the preload of the joints is chosen as the input features and modal frequency is the only response feature. Emphasis is placed on the construction of response surface models including the interactions between the bolted joints by which the non-linear relationship between the assembly variation caused by the changes of preload and the output frequency variation is established. By achieving an optimal process of selected variables in the model, assembly variation can be identified. With a case study of the laboratory bolted disks as an example, the proposed method is verified and it gives enough accuracy in variation identification. It has been observed that the first-order response surface models considering the interactions between the bolted joints based on the IV-optimal criterion are adequate for assembly purposes.     

民用涡扇发动机结构与建模分析研究

数学模型是航空发动机性能仿真与控制系统设计的重要技术基础,针对民用涡扇发动机建模需求,以广泛使用的大涵道比涡扇发动机为研究对象,参考国外经验并结合理论分析,进行与整机建模相关的发动机主要部件结构特点和部件建模方法研究,给出发动机大风扇特性分解方法,分析空气引气系统、压气机稳定性控制系统、涡轮叶尖间隙控制系统、反推力装置等系统的结构和建模方法,以期为民用大涵道比涡扇发动机整机建模提供技术支持.