分布式卫星精确构形保持变结构控制

分布式卫星构形精确保持是实现分布式卫星任务的关键技术。在控制模型不精确和摄动力不确定的条件下,经典控制方法在鲁棒性、动态品质和静态指标的权衡等方面存在不足。本文利用变结构控制方法,设计了分布式卫星精确构形保持的控制器,使控制方法对摄动干扰、模型不确定等具有鲁棒性,因而使构形保持方法在参考轨道存在小偏心率、摄动力存在等非理想情况下仍然可以正常进行。利用高精度动力学仿真环境,对方法的先进性进行了检验。     

Performance analysis of variable speed tail rotors with Gurney flaps

Gurney Flaps (GFs) are used for improving the performance of variable speed tail rotors. A validated analytical helicopter model able to predict the main and tail rotor power is utilized. The fixed height GF has substantially small influence on the tail rotor power in hover and low to medium speed forward flight, and can obtain significant power reduction in high speed flight. This ability can be enhanced by decreasing the tail rotor speed. With the deployment of GF, the collective pitch of the tail rotor decreases, and the maximum tail rotor thrust increases. The GF can compensate the reduction of the maximum thrust by the decrease in the tail rotor speed. The GF with a height of 5% of the chord length can almost remedy 50% of the thrust reduction introduced by decreasing 10% of the tail rotor speed. With the increase of GF height, the maximum thrust generated by the tail rotor increases. The GF with larger height can cause the increase in the tail rotor power in hover and low to medium speed flight. The retractable GF can obtain more power savings than the fixed height GF. However, the benefit is substantially small even in high speed flight. Considering the side effects introduced by the active GF, the fixed height GF may be more preferable. The mechanism for the retractable GF to generate more tail rotor thrust is to increase the lift in advancing side due to the higher dynamic pressure.     

可调进口导叶和叶片角向缝处理机匣相互作用的

可调进口导叶和叶片角向缝处理机匣都能扩大压气机的稳定工作范围,为了分析同时采用这两种措施对压气机稳定性的影响及二者之间相互作用的机理,在单转子轴流压气机实验台上对不同导叶弯角下实壁机匣和叶片角向缝机匣进行了详细的实验测试。同时,对导叶弯角为+10°的每一种机匣结构和导叶0°的实壁机匣结构进行了数值模拟,数值模拟结果与实验结果符合良好,相对于导叶0°的实壁机匣,实验及数值模拟结果均表明,导叶正弯角结合叶片角向缝机匣处理结构能更好地扩大压气机的稳定工作裕度。对转子流场进行对比分析可得,导叶正预旋能抑制叶背气流的分离,提高压气机的稳定工作范围,但仍然没有改变转子叶尖部诱发失速的流动现象,而叶片角向缝主要是通过对叶顶气流的抽吸作用抑制了间隙泄漏流达到扩稳效果,因此耦合时能独立发挥各自的扩稳作用,从而能获得比单独使用任何一种方法都要更大的稳定工作范围的提升。     

粒子群混合算法在变导向器面积计算中的应用

求解非线性方程组经典方法具有严格的局部收敛性;粒子群等进化算法解决了全局收敛的问题,但计算效率偏低,存在最优解不稳定的问题。结合经典Newton-Raphson法的超线性收敛速度和粒子群算法全局收敛能力的粒子群混合算法具备2类算法的优点。在迭代初期采用粒子群算法获得的近似全局解作为Newton-Raphson算法的初始值,以确定高精度的解。利用粒子群混合算法在发动机变导向器面积的大偏离计算中获得了较好的收敛效果,解决了常规Newton-Raphson法不收敛的问题。     

卫星高速宽带数传系统的变步长LMS均衡算法研究

对码间干扰实现快速有效的均衡是卫星高速宽带数字传输的关键之一,针对S型函数(Sigmoid函数和双曲正切函数)变步长LMS均衡算法在误差e(n)接近零处μ(n)变化大的缺陷及算法复杂度高的问题,提出了一种改进的变步长LMS自适应均衡算法.算法通过简化步长更新式的复杂度,增加误差信息量,优化改进的S型函数结构,建立了新的步长因子μ(n)与误差函数e(n)非线性关系,使算法误差接近零处步长因子变化平滑缓慢,消除不相关噪声序列的影响,且算法复杂度比其它同类改进算法小.仿真结果表明新算法性能优于其它改进算法.文中给出了卫星高速宽带数字传输系统的仿真模型,将新算法应用到系统模型的白适应均衡器中,系统误码性能得到较大改善.     

拦截机动目标的变论域模糊末制导律设计

为提高拦截大机动目标的制导性能,应用变论域模糊理论,设计了一种模糊自适应的末制导律。将目标的机动加速度视为外界干扰,根据李亚普诺夫函数分析变论域模糊制导律参数的自适应律,保证了视线角速率收敛到0附近领域,从而确保了制导精度。仿真结果表明,所提出的变论域模糊末制导律在目标机动下可精确拦截目标,具有良好的鲁棒性能。     

Effects of adiabaticity and non-adiabaticity of dust charge fluctuation on the propagation of the dust ion acoustic waves in inhomogeneous dusty plasma

A theoretical investigation has been made for adiabatic positive and negative dust charge fluctuations on the propagation of dust-ion acoustic waves (DIAWs) in a weakly inhomogeneous, collisionless, unmagnetized dusty plasmas consisting of cold positive ions, stationary positively and negatively charged dust particles and isothermal electrons. The reductive perturbation method is employed to reduce the basic set of fluid equations to the variable coefficients Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation. Either compressive or rarefactive solitons are shown to exist depending on the critical value of the ion density, which in turn, depends on the inhomogeneous distribution of the ion. The dissipative effects of non-adiabatic dust charge variation has been studied which cause generation of dust ion acoustic shock waves governed by KdV-Burger (KdVB) equation. The results of the present investigation may be applicable to some dusty plasma environments, such as dusty plasma existing in polar mesosphere region.     

变拓扑多臂航天器高效统一动力学建模

针对多臂航天器在轨操控过程中可能存在的多链、闭环、环链混合等多种拓扑构型及相应的动力学模型变化,提出基于空间算子代数理论(SOA)的高效统一动力学建模方法。首先,提出了描述多臂航天器部件连接关系的构型参数,并基于构型参数提出了多臂航天器拓扑构型描述矩阵的自主生成方法。其次,基于空间算子代数理论,将通路矩阵与空间转移算子相结合,提出了变拓扑多臂航天器统一动力学建模方法。最后,将数值仿真结果与多体动力学仿真软件的仿真结果进行比对,验证所提方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,对于不同的拓扑结构,所提出的O(n)阶统一动力学建模方法能准确描述变拓扑情况下的多臂航天器动力学响应。     

舰船燃气轮机高压涡轮颗粒沉积特性研究

为了探究典型舰船燃气轮机高压涡轮叶栅通道内部的颗粒沉积分布规律,论文以分析随燃气进入涡轮叶栅通道内的颗粒的动力学及颗粒与壁面相互作用的特性为出发点,探究颗粒与涡轮叶片表面撞击后发生黏附与剥离以及沉积与反弹的相互作用准则,在此基础上构建相应的颗粒壁面沉积模型,采用数值模拟方法,建立气-固两相流无量纲方程组,嵌入UDF用户自定义函数,并比较分析临界速度模型和临界黏度模型对于模拟颗粒沉积分布的异同。结果表明,在本文工况条件下,对于临界速度模型而言,叶片表面和下端壁处的颗粒沉积效率都在动量Stokes数增大到约0.1时开始从100%减小,在动量Stokes数增加到约10后减小到0;上端壁处的颗粒沉积效率在动量Stokes数增加到约1时开始从100%减小,在动量Stokes数增大到约100后减小到0。而对于临界黏度模型而言,叶片表面和下端壁处的颗粒沉积效率随着动量Stokes数的增大而不断增大,二者都在动量Stokes数约为1时达到100%,而上端壁处的沉积效率却先增大后减小,最后再增大,在动量Stokes数约为0.1颗粒沉积效率降低到最小值约为80%,后开始增加到100%。     

Independent modal variable structure fuzzy active vibration control of thin plates laminated with photostrictive actuators

Photostrictive actuators can produce photodeformation strains under illumination of ultraviolet lights. They can realize non-contact micro-actuation and vibration control for elastic plate structures. Considering the switching actuation and nonlinear dynamic characteristics of photostrictive actuators, a variable structure fuzzy active control scheme is presented to control the light intensity applied to the actuators. Firstly, independent modal vibration control equations of photoelectric laminated plates are established based on modal analysis techniques. Then, the optimal light switching function is derived to increase the range of sliding modal area, and the light intensity self-adjusting fuzzy active controller is designed. Meanwhile, a continuous function is applied to replace a sign function to reduce the variable structure control (VSC) chattering. Finally, numerical simulation is carried out, and simulation results indicate that the proposed control strategy provides better performance and control effect to plate actuation and control than velocity feedback control, and suppresses vibration effectively.