变截面隔离段流场数值分析

对一种由矩形转变为圆形的变截面隔离段流场进行了数值模拟,并将其与圆形和矩形等截面隔离段内流场进行了对比。在相同来流条件和不同进出口压比条件下,分析了隔离段内激波串区域流动特性、激波串起始位置、激波串长度、出口处流量平均参数以及隔离段出口流场流动均匀性等隔离段性能。结果表明:相对于矩形截面隔离段,变截面隔离段中的分离区域有变短、变宽的趋势。这不仅能够有效降低激波串长度和内阻,而且产生了主流和壁面之间的横向流动。最后,对变截面隔离段中激波串长度与压比之间的关系公式进行了修正。     

变几何涡扇发动机几何调节对性能的影响

本文以高推重比涡扇发动机为研究对象,利用所建立的以变几何部件特性为基础的变几何加力涡扇发动机性能模型,详细计算和分析了风扇和高压压气机静子叶片角度、高压和低压涡轮导向器喉道面积4个几何参数的调节对发动机性能的影响。结果表明,在本文计算条件下调节风扇静子叶片角度对发动机性能有显着影响,调节其它3个参数对性能影响不大,但可在控制主要部件在其高效率工作点方面发挥作用。      

紧凑布局核心机驱动风扇级设计参数影响分析

以某核心机驱动风扇级(Core driven fan stage,简称CDFS)的气动方案为例,使用新版Denton程序通过数值模拟分析了气动布局、预旋分布和转子径向负荷分布对CDFS性能的影响。数值结果表明:利用CDFS静子取代高压压气机进口导叶是一种紧凑高效的CDFS气动布局;CDFS效率所受的影响主要来自转子效率的变化,工作裕度所受的影响主要来自静子负荷的变化;增加CDFS转子叶根的设计压比可以降低CDFS静子叶根的气动负荷,从而使CDFS获得更为均衡的性能。     

Effect of turbulence models on predicting convective heat transfer to hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure

A variety of turbulence models were used to perform numerical simulations of heat transfer for hydrocarbon fuel flowing upward and downward through uniformly heated vertical pipes at supercritical pressure. Inlet temperatures varied from 373 K to 663 K, with heat flux rang-ing from 300 kW/m2 to 550 kW/m2. Comparative analyses between predicted and experimental results were used to evaluate the ability of turbulence models to respond to variable thermophys-ical properties of hydrocarbon fuel at supercritical pressure. It was found that the prediction per-formance of turbulence models is mainly determined by the damping function, which enables them to respond differently to local flow conditions. Although prediction accuracy for experimental results varied from condition to condition, the shear stress transport (SST) and launder and sharma models performed better than all other models used in the study. For very small buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration due to variations in density lead to the impairment of heat transfer occurring in the vicinity of pseudo-critical points, and heat transfer was enhanced at higher temperatures through the combined action of four thermophysical properties: density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat. For very large buoyancy-influenced runs, the thermal-induced acceleration effect was over predicted by the LS and AB models.     

直升机变转速传动技术的发展需求和现状

简要分析了直升机的发展,特别是高速旋翼机对于变转速传动系统技术的需求,介绍了技术发展历程及在型号上应用的情况;阐述了当前研究的几种变转速传动系统技术方案的构型和原理,包括NASA的LCTR2传动系统方案,以及西科斯基公司和贝尔公司的几个方案;最后,文章对变转速传动系统技术的发展前景做出了展望.     

基于ADAMS的静叶联调机构参数化设计

针对压气机静子叶片调节机构空间运动关系复杂、设计难度大的问题,提出了1种以3维参数化仿真为核心,进行压气机静叶联调机构方案设计的方法.基于ADAMS平台建立调节机构的简易模型,利用软件参数化分析模块研究了模型中决定机构性能的关键设计变量的确定方法;在此基础上,以某型压气机调节机构为例,利用参数化方法进行了该机构的方案设计.结果表明:在方案设计阶段,参数化分析方法可快速、有效地进行调节机构结构参数选取与优化,使模型的运动/动力学仿真结果满足设计要求.     

基于ABAQUS二次开发变角度层合板屈曲特性分析

基于ABAQUS二次开发,探究周期函数曲线纤维路径变角度复合材料层合板的屈曲特性。首先,以正弦曲线为基本参考路径为例,得到纤维角度的变化规律;然后,利用Python编写变角度复合材料层合板的有限元分析前处理程序,开发出ABAQUS交互式界面;最后,利用本文开发的GUI插件,对经典定角度和变角度层合板进行屈曲分析。结果表明,变角度层合板的屈曲载荷有很大提高,并且随着幅值参数A和周期参数T逐渐增大,一阶线性屈曲均是呈先增大后减小的趋势,因此基于铺层稳定性,参数应控制在相应的范围。采用Python对ABAQUS进行二次开发,从而实现变角度层合板的自动建模和计算分析,为实际工程研究提供了研究思路和流程,有一定的实践意义。     

变几何参数对变循环发动机过渡态性能的影响分析

为了研究变几何参数对变循环发动机(Variable Cycle Engines,VCE)过渡态性能的影响,对功率提取法(Virtual Power Extraction Method,VPEM)进行了总结与发展,并以双轴混排涡扇发动机的VPEM模型为工具,研究了尾喷管喉部面积和涡轮导向器喉部面积对双轴混排涡扇发动机过渡态性能的影响,建立了应用于双外涵VCE的VPEM模型,并以此为工具研究了高低压涡轮导向器喉部面积、尾喷管喉部面积和后可变面积涵道引射器面积对VCE过渡态性能的影响。结果表明,变几何参数对涡扇发动机和VCE过渡态性能的影响规律一致,尾喷管喉部面积和高低压涡轮导向器喉部面积增加5%带来高压转子的功率变化分别为1.9%,6%和3.5%,低压转子功率变化分别为-3%,22%和-7%,RVABI面积对过渡态性能的影响并不显著。     

针栓式喷嘴喷雾燃烧特性研究进展

针栓式喷嘴具有深度节流、结构简单、燃烧稳定等优点,主要用于变推力液体火箭发动机。本文首先介绍针栓式喷嘴的工作原理和发展历程,紧接着总结针栓式喷嘴的雾化特性和燃烧特性,最后展望针栓式喷嘴未来的研究方向。目前针栓式喷嘴的雾化特性研究较多,重点分析了工况参数和结构尺寸对破碎形态、喷雾锥角、SMD、液滴速度等的影响,针对针栓式喷嘴液膜破碎机理的研究相对较少;针栓式喷嘴燃烧特性研究主要集中于燃烧流场结构、燃烧性能和热防护等方面,对针栓式发动机固有燃烧稳定性机理以及动态燃烧特性的研究还较为欠缺。     

The Mercury Electron Analyzers for the Bepi Colombo mission

Bepi Colombo is a joint mission between ESA and JAXA that is scheduled for launch in 2014 and arrival at Mercury in 2020. A comprehensive set of particle sensors will be flown onboard the two probes that form Bepi Colombo. These sensors will allow a detailed investigation of the structure and dynamics of the charged particle environment at Mercury. Onboard the Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO) the Mercury Electron Analyzers (MEA) sensors constitute the experiment dedicated to fast electron measurements between 3 and 25,500 eV. They consist of two top-hat electrostatic analyzers for angle-energy analysis followed by microchannel plate multipliers and collecting anodes. A notable and new feature of MEA is that the transmission factor of each analyzer can be varied in-flight electronically by a factor reaching up to 100, thus allowing to largely increasing the dynamical range of the experiment. This capability is of importance at Mercury where large changes of electron fluxes are expected from the solar wind to the various regions of the Mercury magnetosphere. While the first models are being delivered to JAXA, an engineering model has been tested and proven to fulfill the expectations about geometrical factor reduction and energy-angular transmission characteristics. Taking advantage of the spacecraft rotation with a 4 s period, MEA will provide fast three-dimensional distribution functions of magnetospheric electrons, from energies of the solar wind and exospheric populations (a few eVs) up to the plasma sheet energy range (some tens of keV). The use of two sensors viewing perpendicular planes allows reaching a ¼ spin period time resolution, i.e., 1 s, to obtain a full 3D distribution.