叶型上局部凸起对扩压器性能影响的数值研究

借助CFD数值模拟技术,对四种常规叶片扩压器（不同凸起位置）内部流场进行了数值模拟,研究了不同凸起位置对扩压器性能的影响,讨论了改变叶片凸起位置对扩压器静压恢复系数、总压损失系数等性能参数的影响,以为小型/微型发动机的叶片扩压器的优化设计提供一定的参考价值。结果表明,当叶片扩压器产生局部凸起时,在流动进入叶片扩压器凸起截面后面产生了低速流动,导致了明显的总压损失,使得叶片扩压器的效率降低。叶片中间产生凸起对于叶片扩压器的总压损失最高。在工程实际中叶片扩压器如果产生局部凸起,尽量选择在叶片前端。     

跨超声速风洞大开角段设计技术研究

跨超声速风洞大开角段设计技术研究对于提高大开角段的安全性能与改进稳定段入口气流质量有着重大意义.由于影响大开角段性能的参数较多,完全通过试验方法进行设计的成本过高.本文通过数值模拟方法,结合适当的边界条件,对不同参数的大开角段进行了模拟,从数值模拟的结果可以看到,孔板开孔率和扩开角对大开角段性能有显著影响,通过比较得出了较为合理的参数匹配.这表明本文所用的方法用于大开角段气动设计是可行的,这为数值模拟方法应用于风洞部段气动设计创造了一定的条件.     

斜流压气机扩压器设计和流场的数值模拟研究

以匹配某高增压比斜流叶轮为目标,设计了Z15、Z16和Z17三个扩压器方案,然后以斜流级（斜流叶轮＋扩压器）为研究对象,展开了三维粘性数值模拟研究,分析了不同方案扩压器的总体性能以及内部流场结构。研究结果表明,设计方案满足匹配斜流叶轮的目标,三种方案的整级最大绝热效率均超过82％,最大总压比超过5．6,大多数工况点的静压恢复系数大于0．6,总压恢复系数大于0．92。其中．Z16方案气动性能最优。     

二元亚燃冲压发动机高空模拟扩压器气动设计

根据某型二元亚燃冲压发动机连管试验对高空舱内环境压力的要求,考虑高空台现有的抽气能力,充分利用冲压发动机排出燃气的能量,以提高模拟高度、节约能源、扩大高空台工作范围为目的,使用商业数值计算软件设计了一种高空模拟扩压器,并确定了最优的扩压器结构形式、结构参数和引射间距。     

Charge exchange interactions on near-Earth proton radiation for orbit perturbation of high area-to-mass ratio objects

This novel concept expels neutral gas in the presence of geomagnetically-trapped protons in near-Earth orbit. The expelled neutral gas acts to induce charge exchange collisions with the geomagnetically-trapped protons and induce drag on objects which pass through it. The charge exchange collisions between the neutral gas and the geomagnetically-trapped protons create neutrals with similar kinetic energy that are not confined by the geomagnetic field. The charge exchange neutrals are able to collide with orbital objects and perturb their orbits. The delta-v applied by the charge exchange neutral flux is greatest on high area-to-mass objects. Numerical simulation shows charge exchange neutral impacts produce a delta-v on objects on the order of 3.8 x 10⁻¹¹ m/s at a distance of 1 km from the center of the expelled gas in a 1,000 km orbit. The impulse imparted by charge exchange neutral impacts is at least six orders of magnitude smaller than that provided by the induced drag caused by gas expulsion. The localized drag increase can force a majority of small objects into the orbit of the expelled gas cloud, even if that orbit is retrograde to the initial orbit of the objects. This new technique can be applied to the remediation of space debris.     

Mechanism of stall and surge in a centrifugal compressor with a variable vaned diffuser

To expand the stable operating range of compressors, understanding the mechanism of flow instability at low flow rates is necessary. In this paper, the mechanism of stall and surge in a centrifugal compressor with a variable vaned diffuser is experimentally investigated, where the diffuser blade setting angle can be adjusted. Many dynamic pressure transducers are mounted on the casing surface of the compressor. From the design condition to surge, dynamic pressure data is recorded throughout the gradual process. According to the signal developing status, the typical modes of compressor instability are defined in detail, such as stall, mild surge, and deep surge. A relatively high-frequency stall wave originates in the impeller and propagates to the diffuser, and finally stimulates a deep surge in the compressor. The compressor behavior during surge differs at different diffuser vane angles. When the diffuser vane angle is adjusted, both the unstable form and the core factor affecting the overall machine stability change. A specific indicator is proposed to measure the instability of each component in a compressor, which can be used to determine the best region for stability extension technologies, such as a holed casing treatment, in different compressor applications.     

空气喷气发动机试车台排气扩压器设计及试验研究

排气扩压器的作用是将发动机排出燃气的部分动能转换成压力能，真实模拟发动机排气反应和环境压力条件。它是高空台排气系统将被试发动机的高温高速燃气进行减速、降温、降低噪声，从而使燃气顺利地进入引射器（排气抽气设备）或排入大气的关键部件之一。排气扩压器的设计与被试发动机的合理配置至关重要。它与高空台的模拟高度、工作范围及节约能源等问题直接相关。所以必须综合考虑排气扩压器的设计问题。     

气冷径向稳定器张角对混合扩压器性能影响

针对一种混合扩压器和气冷径向稳定器一体化新型结构,基于N-S方程建立了流场三维数值计算模型,研究了气冷径向稳定器张角变化对混合扩压器流场、流阻特性和混合特性的影响规律.结果表明:随着气冷径向稳定器张角的增大,混合扩压器的静压恢复系数逐渐减小,混合扩压器的流阻系数和压力损失系数均逐渐增大;在混合扩压器出口截面处,随着气冷径向稳定器张角的增大,总压恢复系数逐渐减小,总压恢复系数的最大值与最小值相差0.0032.热混合效率逐渐增大,热混合效率的整体变化范围为0.7268~0.8857.      

基于Van Leer+AUSM混合格式超声速流场的并行数值算法研究

基于CLUSTER集群并行体系结构与消息传递库MPI并行环境,开展了超声速流场的并行数值算 法研究。计算网格采用多块对接粘性结构网格,控制方程为积分形式的Navier\|Stoke s(N-S)方程,空间离散采用基于Van Leer+AUSM混合格式的有限体积法,粘性项采用中心 格式离散并利用格林定理计算粘性通量中的导数项,时间推进采用五步R-K法,应用一方程S -A模型计算湍流的粘性。并行计算采用 分区并行的思想,设计了满足负载平衡要求的区域分解和通讯方法,编程上采用单控制流多 数据流(SPMD)模型以及Master／Slave并行模式。最后,通过对某弹丸和某制导火箭弹超声 速流动的数值模拟, 验证了并行算法的准确性、高效性和处理复杂几何外形的能力。
     

TBCC进气道涡轮通道扩张段设计及涡轮模态特性

采用拓展中心线、不同的流通截面面积变化规律和倒圆半径变化规律对内并联型TBCC（turbine based combined cycle engine）进气道涡轮通道扩张段进行了设计.通过数值模拟的手段,对涡轮通道扩张段设计参数的影响规律和涡轮模态下涡轮通道扩张段的气动特性进行了研究,并利用高速风洞试验结果对数值模拟方法进行了验证.研究结果表明:中心线控制点纵坐标在1.50~2.25、涡轮通道扩张段出口等直段长度与出口直径比值在0.3~0.7的范围内取值时,涡轮通道扩张段可获得较高的出口总压恢复系数和较小的出口总压畸变指数;采用前急后缓的流通截面面积和倒圆半径变化规律能使涡轮通道扩张段获得较小的出口总压畸变指数;随着飞行马赫数的增加,进气道和涡轮通道扩张段的流量系数先不断减小,在飞行马赫数为0.9附近达到最小,之后又逐渐增加,涡轮通道扩张段出口总压恢复系数不断升高,在飞行马赫数为0.7附近达到最大,之后又逐渐降低;涡轮模态下,涡轮通道扩张段出口总压畸变指数均小于0.5,能很好地满足涡轮发动机对进口流场的要求.