单元体结构发动机总体结构尺寸控制与分析

在单元体结构发动机中,在各小的维修单元体或大的单元体内部,通过逐级控制一些关键尺寸,来满足单元体本身互换性要求,同时满足发动机总体结构设计的要求,这也是单元体发动机设计和装配中需重点关注的问题。以国外某发动机为例,通过尺寸链的分配和必要时在内部设置调整环,使单元体内部的这些关键的总体结构特征尺寸达到一定的精度要求,贯穿至发动机总体结构设计和协调、传装及总装装配的各环节中,使发动机总体结构尺寸如转、静子轴向间隙等更加合理可靠,避免发生干涉等问题。     

Numerical investigation of windage heating within shrouded rotor-stator cavity system with central inflow

The rotating disk surface temperature rise due to windage heating effect by numerically modeling the turbulent flow within a rotor-stator cavity which is available with a peripheral shroud and imposed through airflow was dealt with. The windage heating may be defined as viscous friction heating caused by relative velocity differences across the boundary layers between the fluid and the rotating disk surface. The kinetic energy dissipation process could transform the rotating shaft power into thermal heating. Commercial finite volume based solver, ANSYS/CFX was employed to numerically simulate this physical process by using the shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model. CFD results include the rotating disk surface temperature axial distribution and tangential velocity distribution of the fluid domain. The velocity difference between the result obtained by particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments and CFD simulation are within 5%. The adiabatic disk temperature rise can be calculated by the tangential velocity of disk and fluid in large gap ratio and turbulent parameter. CFD temperature distribution results and those estimated via velocity differences are within 10%.     

叶栅安装角异常的非定常流场数值模拟

采用商用软件NUMECA对叶栅安装角异常进行二维流场定常和非定常数值模拟,并进行对比分析,得到了因叶栅安装角异常造成通道堵塞对该叶片以及相邻叶栅通道流场结构和非定常气动力的影响.结果表明:安装角异常角度大于0°时,主要对沿吸力面方向叶栅通道流场结构影响较大,随着安装角异常角度的增大,气流不断恶化,出现大面积的附面层分离,尾涡脱落主频率随着安装角异常角度的增大而减小,次频率随着安装角异常角度的增大而增大;并导致叶片非定常气动力相对脉动量迅速增大,这可能是导致叶片疲劳破坏的原因之一.     

A fuzzy PID-controlled SMA actuator for a two-DOF joint

Shape memory alloy(SMA) actuator is a potential advanced component for servosystems of aerospace vehicles and aircraft. This paper presents a joint with two degrees of freedom(DOF) and a mobility range close to ±60 when driven by SMA triple wires. The fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative(PID)-controlled actuator drive was designed using antagonistic SMA triple wires, and the resistance feedback signal made a closed loop. Experiments showed that, with the driving responding frequency increasing, the overstress became harder to be avoided at the position under the maximum friction force. Furthermore, the hysteresis gap between the heating and cooling paths of the strain-to-resistance curve expanded under this condition. A fuzzy logic control was considered as a solution, and the curves of the wires were then modeled by fitting polynomials so that the measured resistance was used directly to determine the control signal. Accurate control was demonstrated through the step response, and the experimental results showed that under the fuzzy PID-control program, the mean absolute error(MAE) of the rotation angle was about 3.147. In addition, the investigation of the external interference to the system proved the controllable maximum output.     

A numerical model for bird strike on sidewall structure of an aircraft nose

In order to examine the potential of using the coupled smooth particles hydrodynamic(SPH) and finite element(FE) method to predict the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in bird strike events, bird-strike tests on the sidewall structure of an aircraft nose are carried out and numerically simulated. The bird is modeled with SPH and described by the Murnaghan equation of state, while the structure is modeled with finite elements. A coupled SPH–FE method is developed to simulate the bird-strike tests and a numerical model is established using a commercial software PAM-CRASH. The bird model shows no signs of instability and correctly modeled the break-up of the bird into particles. Finally the dynamic response such as strains in the skin is simulated and compared with test results, and the simulated deformation and fracture process of the sidewall structure is compared with images recorded by a high speed camera. Good agreement between the simulation results and test data indicates that the coupled SPH–FE method can provide a very powerful tool in predicting the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in events of bird strike.     

碳纳米管有序增强体及其复合材料研究进展

碳纳米管(CNT)是迄今为止力学性能最高的轻质材料之一,同时兼具优异的导电性和导热性,作为新一代高性能增强材料具有难以估量的发展潜力。特别是以连续碳纳米管纤维和碳纳米管膜为代表与树脂复合制得的连续碳纳米管复合材料,被公认为是具有划时代意义的第3代先进复合材料。本文围绕连续碳纳米管纤维、碳纳米管膜及其与树脂复合形成的复合材料,介绍其制备方法、控制技术、结构特点、力学与功能特性等国内外研究进展,揭示了碳纳米管有序增强体中独特的多级结构特征与多级复合强化机制,阐述了该复合材料应用特色,并展望其应用前景与潜能,以期为碳纳米管纤维复合材料革新未来航空航天超轻结构的多功能化设计与研究提供参考。     

国产CCF300碳纤维及其NCF织物的性能

为牵引和推动国产碳纤维及其织物在复合材料液体成型技术中的进一步应用,对国产CCF300碳纤维表面特性、CCF300 45°/-45°和CCF300 0°/90°两种非屈曲经编织物(NCF)的编织工艺性、铺覆变形性以及NCF织物增强复合材料的力学性能进行了系统表征。研究结果表明:国产CCF300碳纤维表面物化活性较高;CCF300 0°/90°编织织物的编织工艺更稳定;NCF织物增强复合材料具有与单向织物增强复合材料相当的力学性能,同时兼具良好的结构稳定性、铺覆性和成型性,具备成为复杂形状预成型体的可行性。     

石墨烯材料在直升机上应用前景的研究

石墨烯具有优异的物理、化学和热学性能,最近几年获得极大关注。简单介绍石墨烯的各项性能和制备方法,详细介绍了石墨烯在储能材料、复合材料和涂层等应用的最新进展,指出石墨烯在直升机上的应用前景。     

直升机蜂窝夹层结构缺陷验收准则验证技术研究

蜂窝夹层作为一种特殊的复合材料结构,具有比强度、比刚度较高,性能易设计且便于大尺寸整体成型等诸多优点,广泛应用在航空器的结构设计中。但蜂窝夹层结构在制造、使用和维护过程中易出现脱／漏粘、冲击、磕碰等内在缺陷或外来损伤,可能导致结构强度的降低,从而危及结构安全。基于强度理论制定了一种直升机蜂窝夹层结构的静强度、疲劳强度和剩余强度综合验证思路与方法。针对典型结构的构型、缺陷类型和工程可检缺陷参数尺寸,设计了模拟真实蜂窝夹层结构的验证样件和缺陷预制技术,通过强度性能的试验和研究,获得了带有脱／漏粘缺陷、冲击／磕碰损伤等缺陷的结构强度缺陷容限值,为其缺陷验收准则的制定提供了技术依据。     

基于ANSYS的整体叶盘结构优化设计

为保证整体叶盘结构在安全工作条件下质量最轻,基于ANSYS优化平台,建立了整体叶盘三维参数化模型及结构优化设计数学模型,完成了整体叶盘结构的优化设计.首先结合相关静强度设计准则及方法,在给定轮缘分布载荷条件下对轮盘子午面进行优化.然后建立整体叶盘三维模型,并对子午面优化中未考虑的轮缘关键尺寸如轮缘厚度、喉道倒角、叶根倒角进行三维局部优化.在三维优化中总结出了盘喉道和叶根最大等效应力与各优化参数之间的关系.分两步实施的整个轮盘优化过程仅需3~4h.