基于开路电压法的电池荷电状态估计误差校正

本文提出分别研究电池开路电压在充电结束后停置过程和放电结束后停置过程的不同变化规律,并考虑了不同停置时间在两个过程中的作用和影响,从而达到提高开路电压法估算荷电状态精度的效果。实验验证表明,此方法的精度比传统开路电压法更加准确。     

Numerical investigation of flow mechanisms of tandem impeller inside a centrifugal compressor

This study numerically investigated a single stage centrifugal compressor ‘‘Radiver’’ with a wedge diffuser and several tandem-designed impellers to explore the flow phenomena within the tandem impeller and the potential to enhance compressor performance. The results demonstrate that tandem design and clocking fraction (λ_s) significantly affects the compressor performance. The compressor stage with tandem impellers of Series A of boundary layer growth interruption alone are observed to have a widely operating range but efficiency and total pressure ratio penalty compared with that of conventional impeller. The tandem impeller with at least the same impeller efficiency as the conventional design is considered as a critical design criteria so that further modification process based on the flow characteristic of tandem impeller is necessary. In order to restrain the inducer wake and exducer shock losses, parameters modification of blade angle and thickness distributions are necessary and the modified tandem impeller of Series B is obtained. The modified tandem impeller with 25% clocking arrangement shows an 8.45% stall margin increase and maintains the total pressure ratio and efficiency as the conventional design, which proves the potential of tandem impeller to improve compressor stage performance. It is noteworthy that the tandem impellers of Radiver have not shown obviously balanced exit flow field and the fundamental mechanism of stall margin extending of tandem impeller lies on the improved impeller/diffuser matching performance resulting from the incidence angle variation at diffuser inlet.     

A novel control method for turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed based on the Ngdot estimator through LQG/LTR and rotor predicted torque feedforward

In order to compensate for the disturbance of wide variation in rotor demanded torque on power turbine speed and realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine during variable rotor speed, a cascade PID control method based on the acceleration estimator of gas turbine speed (Ngdot) and rotor predicted torque feedforward is proposed. Firstly, a two-speed Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) model is applied in the integrated rotor/turboshaft engine system to achieve variable rotor speed. Then, an online estimation method of Ngdot based on the Linear Quadratic Gaussian with Loop Transfer Recovery (LQG/LTR) is proposed for power turbine speed cascade control. Finally, according to the cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator, a rotor demanded torque predicted method based on the Min-batch Gradient Descent-Neural Network (MGD-NN) is put forward to compromise the influence of rotor torque interference. The simulation results show that compared with cascade PID controller based on Ngdot estimator and the one combined with collective pitch feedforward control, the novel control method proposed can reduce the overshoot of power turbine speed by more than 20%, which possesses faster response, superior dynamic effect and satisfactory robustness performance. The control method proposed can realize the fast response control of turboshaft engine with variable rotor speed better.     

一种基于语义信息辅助的无人机视觉/惯性融合定位方法CSCD

视觉传感器在无人机室内定位中发挥着重要作用。传统基于特征点的视觉里程计算法通过底层亮度关系进行描述匹配,抗干扰能力不足,会出现匹配错误甚至失败的情况,导航系统的精度及鲁棒性有待提升。由于室内环境存在丰富的语义信息,提出了一种基于语义信息辅助的无人机视觉/惯性融合定位方法。首先,将室内语义信息进行因子建模,并与传统的视觉里程计方法进行融合;然后,基于惯性预积分方法,在因子图优化中添加惯性约束,以进一步提高无人机在动态复杂环境下的定位精度和鲁棒性;最后,通过无人机室内飞行试验对算法的定位精度进行了分析。试验结果表明,相较于传统的视觉里程计算法,该方法具有更高的精度和鲁棒性。     

涡扇发动机全包线加速控制计划改进方法研究

加速控制计划直接影响了发动机的响应速度以及运行安全。为了提高发动机响应能力,提出了一种基于等温度线的发动机全包线加速控制计划。分别针对稳态和动态过程开展相似换算误差分析,证明并验证了关键参数在等风扇进口温度时,具有较高相似换算精度的规律。基于此换算误差理论,提出全包线加速控制计划改进方法,该方法在不同等风扇进口温度下设计多条加速控制计划,再通过线性插值得到包线内不同等温线下的加速控制计划。结果表明,改进后的加速控制计划相比于传统单点优化得到的加速控制计划,发动机加速至最大转速的98%所需的时间减少了7.2%,最大转速提升了1%,且风扇、压气机喘振裕度和涡轮前温度等均未超出限制值。因此,该方法相比于传统单点优化方法既提升了在包线内获取的加速控制计划的精度,又确保了发动机在包线内安全稳定工作的前提下更好的发挥加速性能。     

C/C复合材料喷管烧蚀壁面退移流固耦合仿真研究

为了保障固体火箭发动机C/C喷管的可靠性,建立了一套正确反映发动机喷管烧蚀过程的流固耦合计算模型,以实现对喷管烧蚀率的高精度预估。依据热化学烧蚀理论以及喷管内燃气与喷管结构体界面的质量平衡和能量平衡关系,建立并验证了考虑壁面退移的C/C喷管流固耦合方法,实现了燃气流动、异相化学反应、结构体传热三者间的耦合。通过实验发动机喷管的烧蚀计算,论证了模型的正确性,并分析了不同金属铝含量对烧蚀率的影响,计算所得的烧蚀率与实验值最大相对误差为4.3%,与不考虑壁面退移的耦合算法计算结果对比,计算精度最高可提升46%。计算结果表明：C/C喷管在喉部附近烧蚀最为严重;推进剂中Al含量的增加导致燃气中氧化组分浓度降低,进而减少了烧蚀速率,这些结论与C/C喷管烧蚀相关研究结果一致。     

温度参数下轴编C/C复合材料的超高温热结构性能分析

为了研究轴编碳/碳（C/C）复合材料的超高温热结构性能,开展了2800℃超高温载荷下复合材料的拉伸实验,表征了复合材料组分材料的高温失效形貌;提出了立方体单胞和正六棱柱单胞的温度周期性边界条件的算法和预测复合材料等效热结构参数的方法,在材料属性各向同性正六棱柱单胞模型上验证了方法的正确性;最后建立了轴编C/C复合材料的代表性体积单元,计算了复合材料随温度载荷变化下的等效热结构参数,与实验数据进行了对比分析。分析表明：开展的轴编C/C复合材料的超高温拉伸实验,可以得到复合材料在2800℃载荷下复合材料的等效刚度值,同时分析了轴向试件和径向试件的高温失效机理,径向试件的纤维束拉伸强度对复合材料的径向拉伸强度起到决定性的作用。在应用位移以及温度周期性边界条件的基础上,提出的方法可以得到随温度载荷变化下复合材料的等效热结构参数,得出复合材料在横向满足近似各向同性的特性,预测结果表明只改变温度参数下复合材料的等效热导率不会发生改变。提出的方法同样也适用于其他编织复合材料的热结构性能研究。     

用PB5.0的图形功能表示Foxpro数据

介绍了如何利用ODBC实现从Foxpro→PowerBuilder5.0的数据转换,利用PowerBuilder的DataWindow的Graph显示风格,输出由Foxpro建立的数据库数据,通过图表分析数据,直观地反映数据的变化规律和变化趋势。提出了一种通过编程动态改变图表的显示方式和分析指标的方法,以满足不同的分析目的和分析数据的要求,并给出了部分程序。     

等离子体彗尾流线断裂现象的讨论

等离子体Ⅰ型彗尾流线的断裂,已多次被人们见到.本文用MHD的理论,讨论和分析了这种现象,认为这是一种空间等离子体扰动所产生的结果.本文作了定性的分析,及定量的计算,比较满意地解释了这种彗尾中的观测现象.      

两星一地时差定位方法性能分析

针对同轨多星定位系统以及高低轨联合定位系统需要卫星数量多的特点,设想地面站和卫星联合定位体制。考虑到时差定位体制对卫星运动不敏感的特征,提出一星三地和两星一地2种定位体制,从定位场景、定位原理、理论定位误差和误差分布4个方面对定位效能分析。重点论述了两星一地时差定位误差的地理分布、时间分布以及受高度的影响,对将来的工程化应用提供支撑。