民机高速风洞试验的阻力雷诺数效应修正

在飞机设计阶段,获得准确的气动特性数据对设计者是十分重要的,采用缩比模型的风洞试验是主要途径之一。但是风洞条件限制了试验的Re数,从而影响了对跨音速巡航阻力的评估,因此需要对风洞试验结果的阻力进行Re数效应修正。分析了风洞试验结果阻力的误差构成,提出了Re数效应修正的风洞试验数据基础;进一步就跨音速巡航阻力的构成进行分析,论述了对最小阻力和升致阻力分项修正的方法,并对修正结果进行了验证,得到了一种可靠的工程方法。     

低马赫数流动数值模拟方法的研究

在文献[1，2]提出的一种低马赫数流动数值模拟新方法的基础上，本文作者进一步优化了算法，确定了该方法适用的马赫数范围，讨论了参数σ对计算的影响。大量的定常／非定常、低雷诺数流动的计算结果表明这种方法具有计算精度高、收敛速度快以及计算花销小的特点。     

AEDMS工程文件编号的生成算法

工程文件编号生成算法是国航工程文件管理系统（AEDMS）开发的难点。提出的．工程文件编号生成算法包括．工程文件流水号和改版号的指派算法与自动编排算法。前者解决了新旧系统．工程文件编号的兼容问题；后者是一种新的基于关系代数的自动编号算法，其利用元组序号，具有紧凑简单、可靠性好、可维护性好、执行效率高、适用面广的特点。实算结果和AEDMS运行实践表明，此工程文件编号生成算法是可行的。     

3-连通无爪图的最长圈

Hamilton问题是图论中重要的问题之一,已经得到了很多很好的结果,但一个图是Hamilton图的充分必要条件到现在还没有得出,于是开始研究无向图的最长圈,文章应用幅度的概念,使用反证法,通过构造最长圈并得出矛盾的方法,给出了3-连通无爪图最长圈的下限 .     

Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on the lateral-directional departure prediction and restraint

The experimental data obtained from yaw-roll coupled wind tunnel tests are used for lateral-directional departure prediction, by linearizing the_b model to extract nominal dynamic derivatives at each coupling ratio.The prediction results are compared with those of the existing engineering methods which are based on the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.The comparison shows that the yaw-roll coupling ratio has a great influence on the departure susceptibility.The departure resistance will loss in partial region of the coupling ratio when the angle of attack is higher than a critical value.According to the stable and unstable regions of coupling ratio, a two-segment stability augmentation system with two different feedback gain matrices is obtained by pole-placement method.The two-segment stability augmentation system is used in the simulations of straight and level flight, steady turn, spin recovery and Herbst maneuver.The simulation results are also compared with the applications of a fixed-gain stability augmentation system designed by the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.When the yaw-roll coupling effects are fully considered, the two-segment stability augmentation system is more effective for departure restraint and can provide a better flying quality with less control energy.     

再入飞行器和模型转换雷诺数计算

本文采用近似的激波关系、球锥体压力分布、平衡气体状态方程、边界层厚度计算公式及转捩准则等,按照流管法计算了4种再入飞行器的外流转捩雷诺数和转捩距离,并给出了高硅氧、碳石英、碳碳球锥模型的转捩雷诺数范围,对再入飞行器和模型的计算结果作了分析和比较。     

Computational engineering analysis of external geometrical modifications on MQ-1 unmanned combat aerial vehicle

This paper focuses on the effects of external geometrical modifications on the aerodynamic characteristics of the MQ-1 predator Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle (UCAV) using computational fluid dynamics. The investigations are performed for 16 flight conditions at an altitude of 7.6 km and at a constant speed of 56.32 m/s. Two models are analysed, namely the baseline model and the model with external geometrical modifications installed on it. Both the models are investigated for various angles of attack from −4° to 16°, angles of bank from 0° to 6° and angles of yaw from 0° to 4°. Due to the unavailability of any experimental (wind tunnel or flight test) data for this UCAV in the literature, a thorough verification of calculations process is presented to demonstrate confidence level in the numerical simulations. The analysis quantifies the loss of lift and increase in drag for the modified version of the MQ-1 predator UCAV along with the identification of stall conditions. Local improvement (in drag) of up to 96% has been obtained by relocating external modifications, whereas global drag force reduction of roughly 0.5% is observed. The effects of external geometrical modifications on the control surfaces indicate the blanking phenomenon and reduction in forces on the control surfaces that can reduce the aerodynamic performance of the UCAV.     

大型客机低速构型高雷诺数风洞腹撑支架干扰数值模拟

风洞到飞行相关性修正是获取现代大型客机低速气动特性的重要手段，通常采用增压提高风洞试验雷诺数，而支架干扰修正是该修正体系的一个关键环节。采用数值模拟研究了增压风洞腹撑的支架干扰，并分析了腹撑对飞机各部件的干扰及其对风洞流场的影响。通过数值模拟与风洞试验对比，表明升力系数相差0.006，阻力系数最大相差0.001 2，俯仰力矩系数最大相差0.01，验证了CFD数值模拟方法的可靠性。CFD计算结果表明：腹撑使得全机升力增加、阻力减小，俯仰力矩增加；腹撑对升力影响的主要部件是机翼，腹撑使得风洞中心以上动压增加，提升上翼面流速，从而增加了机翼的升力；与传统认识不同的是腹撑对阻力影响为负，且主要影响部件为缝翼，原因为缝翼下偏使得法矢分量向前从而减小了阻力；腹撑对俯仰力矩影响的主要部件是机身及平尾。研究结果揭示了腹撑对飞机气动特性影响的量级、主要影响部件及其流场变化，可为支架干扰数据修正及支架优化设计提供参考。所得结论可更好用于支架干扰试验的开展及风洞到飞行数据的修正，具有一定的工程实用性。     

Mechanism analysis of hysteretic aerodynamic characteristics on variable-sweep wings

Variable-sweep wings have large shape-changing capabilities and wide flight envelops, which are considered as one of the most promising directions for intelligent morphing UAVs. Aerodynamic investigations always focus on several static states in the varying sweep process, which ignore the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics. However, deviations to static aerodynamic forces are inevitably caused by dynamic sweep motion. In this work, first, unsteady aerodynamic characteristics on a typical variable-sweep UAV with large aspect ratio were analyzed. Then, deep mechanism of unsteady aerodynamic characteristics in the varying sweep process was studied. Finally, numerical simulation method integrated with structured moving overset grids was applied to solve the unsteady fluid of varying sweep process. The simulation results of a sweep forward-backward circle show a distinct dynamic hysteresis loop surrounding the static data for the aerodynamic forces. Compared with the static lift coefficients , at the same sweep angles, dynamic  lift coefficient in sweep forward process are all smaller, while dynamic sweep backward  lift coefficient are all larger. In addition, dynamic deviations to static  lift coefficient are positively related with the varying sweep speeds. Mechanism study on the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics indicates that three key factors lead to the dynamic hysteresis loop in varying sweep process. They are the effects of additional velocity caused by varying sweep motion, the effects of flow hysteresis and viscosity. The additional velocity induced by sweep motion affects the transversal flow direction along the wing and the effective angle of attack at the airfoil profile. The physical properties of flow, the hysteresis and viscosity affect the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics by flow separation and induced vortexes.     

重型燃气轮机高雷诺数CDA叶型转捩特性数值计算

为研究重型燃气轮机的压气机叶片在高雷诺数工况下的气动性能,基于Gamma-Theta转捩模型的雷诺时均方程对某可 控扩散叶型进行了数值计算。通过对比不控制马赫数与控制马赫数,分析高雷诺数对可控扩散叶型气动性能及转捩特性的影响。 结果表明：在不控制马赫数条件下,在零攻角时,雷诺数从7×10 5 增大为9×10 5 ,总压损失增加了约391.95%;在高雷诺数工况下随 着雷诺数的增大,叶片流动损失不断增大,叶片可用攻角范围减小,同时在叶片吸力面出现激波,干扰转捩的产生。在控制马赫数 条件下,当Ma=0.6时,在零攻角工况下,雷诺数从8.2×10 5 增大为1×10 7 ,总压损失减小了约38.98%,吸力面转捩起始点从4.78%弦 长处前移至1.11%弦长处;在高雷诺数工况下,叶片流动损失随着雷诺数的增大不断减小,吸力面转捩位置前移。