一种地球紫外中心快速提取方法

针对地球紫外中心指向高精度提取问题,提出一种基于梯度统计的快速、低存储需求的紫外地平圆盘中心提取算法。首先,考虑到星载计算机与高内存消耗的滤波算法、实时导航需求的冲突,采用结合Sobel边缘算子与局部二值模式（LBP）算子的改进边缘快速提取方法,有效剔除背景噪声并准确提取地球紫外临边特征。然后对非完整临边边缘采用最小二乘拟合得到中心的精确位置。实验结果表明,该方法抗噪声,可实现亚像素级地球中心提取,并显著降低存储需求和计算时间开销。对于1046×746的图像,该算法需要的存储空间仅为1100kByte,运算时间在20ms内,满足自主导航的需求。     

Segmentation of extreme ultraviolet solar images via multichannel fuzzy clustering

The study of the variability of the solar corona and the monitoring of its traditional regions (Coronal Holes, Quiet Sun and Active Regions) are of great importance in astrophysics as well as in view of the Space Weather and Space Climate applications. Here we propose a multichannel unsupervised spatially constrained fuzzy clustering algorithm that automatically segments EUV solar images into Coronal Holes, Quiet Sun and Active Regions. Fuzzy logic allows to manage the various noises present in the images and the imprecision in the definition of the above regions. The process is fast and automatic. It is applied to SoHO–EIT images taken from February 1997 till May 2005, i.e. along almost a full solar cycle. Results in terms of areas and intensity estimations are consistent with previous knowledge. The method reveal the rotational and other mid-term periodicities in the extracted time series across solar cycle 23. Further, such an approach paves the way to bridging observations between spatially resolved data from imaging telescopes and time series from radiometers. Time series resulting form the segmentation of EUV coronal images can indeed provide an essential component in the process of reconstructing the solar spectrum.     

The ultraviolet sky: An overview from the GALEX surveys

The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) has performed the first surveys of the sky in the ultraviolet (UV). Its legacy is an unprecedented database with more than 200 million source measurements in far-UV (FUV) and near-UV (NUV), as well as wide-field imaging of extended objects, filling an important gap in our view of the sky across the electromagnetic spectrum. The UV surveys offer unique sensitivity for identifying and studying selected classes of astrophysical objects, both stellar and extra-galactic. We examine the overall content and distribution of UV sources over the sky, and with magnitude and color. For this purpose, we have constructed final catalogs of UV sources with homogeneous quality, eliminating duplicate measurements of the same source. Such catalogs can facilitate a variety of investigations on UV-selected samples, as well as planning of observations with future missions. We describe the criteria used to build the catalogs, their coverage and completeness. We included observations in which both the far-UV and near-UV detectors were exposed; 28,707 fields from the All-Sky Imaging survey (AIS) cover a unique area of 22,080 square degrees (after we restrict the catalogues to the central 1° diameter of the field), with a typical depth of ∼20/21mag (FUV/NUV, in the AB mag system), and 3008 fields from the Medium-depth Imaging Survey (MIS) cover a total of 2251 square degrees at a depth of ∼22.7mag. The catalogs contain ∼71 and ∼16.6 million sources, respectively. The density of hot stars reflects the Galactic structure, and the number counts of both Galactic and extra-galactic sources are modulated by the Milky Way dust extinction, to which the UV data are very sensitive.     

A new inversion method of plasma density distribution of plasmasphere in the geomagnetic equatorial plane from IMAGE data

The plasma density distribution of plasmasphere in the geomagnetic equatorial plane can help us study the magnetosphere like plasmasphere, ionosphere and their kinetics. In this paper, we introduce a new inversion method, GE-ART, to calculate the plasma density distribution in the geomagnetic equatorial plane from the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) data of IMAGE satellite under the assumption that the plasma density is constant along each geomagnetic field line. The new GE-ART algorithm was derived from the traditional Algebraic Reconstruction Techniques (ART) in Computed Tomography (CT) which was different from the several existing methods. In this new method, each value of the EUV image data was back-projected evenly to the geomagnetic field lines intersected by this EUV sight. A 3-D inversion matrix was produced by the contributions of all the voxels contained in the plasmasphere covered by the EUV sensor. That is, we considered that each value of the EUV image data was relative to the plasma densities of all the voxels passed through by the corresponding EUV radiation, which is the biggest difference to all the existing inversion methods. Finally, the GE-ART algorithm was evaluated by the real EUV data from the IMAGE satellite.     

空间紫外真空环境和电离辐射环境对橡胶密封件硬度的综合影响

介绍通过空间环境模拟试验了解橡胶密封件硬度的环境稳定性。模拟环境主要是真空、紫外和带电粒子。试件选用准备上天的各种尺寸硅橡胶和丁腈橡胶密封件。总的紫外辐照量为3195 ESH(等效太阳小时),总电离辐射剂量为3×10~5rad(Si)。选择邵氏硬度作为橡胶硬度的考核性能,紫外真空环境试验后,硅橡胶密封件的平均硬度增加了3.7%,丁腈橡胶密封件的平均硬度增加了14%～23%。试件在紫外辐照后进行的电离辐射试验,试验后测试发现,橡胶密封件的硬度没有明显有规律的变化。     

国外紫外空间探测器发展综述

文章首先介绍了紫外线的谱段范围和特点,然后从紫外天文、对行星和卫星的空间探测和人造地球卫星等三个方面的应用,阐述了国外近年来紫外探测器发展和具体用途.最后针对紫外独有的特点,提出中国在该领域可能的发展方向和应重点研究的方向.     

Ultraviolet images of galaxies from the Optical Monitor on XMM-Newton

A large number of galaxies, both normal and active, have been observed in ultraviolet light by the Optical Monitor on XMM-Newton. These are some of the deepest wide-field ultraviolet images of these galaxies yet obtained, and in many cases the first collected in this waveband. We present images of five active galaxies, and discuss the potential uses of the ultraviolet surface brightness distribution and morphology, in association with X-ray data, for Active Galactic Nuclei, star formation and galaxy evolution studies.     

Dust Acoustic Wave in Dusty Plasmas With Streaming Ions Under Ultraviolet Irradiation

The reductive perturbation method is applied to investigate the dust acoustic soliton in dusty plasmas with streaming ions under ultraviolet irradiation theoretically and numerically. The self-consistent dust charge variation is taken into account. It is shown that the ultraviolet irradiation can significantly lower the magnitude of the dust negative charge, and ion streaming velocity firstly raise the magnitude of the dust negative charge and then lower it. With the growth of (Ultraviolet) UV photo flux or ion streaming velocity, the phase velocity and width of the solitary waves decrease, whereas its amplitude increases.      

一种姿态机动辅助下的天文导航系统偏差自校准方法

基于成像型紫外敏感器的自主导航是一种典型的天文导航方法,其精度不仅取决于敏 感器的测量噪声,而且与系统性误差的大小密切相关。针对成像型紫外地球敏感器的特点, 建立了紫外敏感器测量模型。为消除系统误差对自主导航精度的影响,提出了一种姿态机动 辅助下的偏差自校准导航滤波方法,并以紫外地球敏感器测量偏差为例,设计了导航滤波算 法。数学仿真和半物理仿真结果表明,该方法能显著地提高自主导航精度。