声发射检验技术进展

本文简要介绍了声发射技术的发展史，并从声发射技术的原理、波形分析法、参数分析法、声源定位技术和声发射仪器几个方面进行了综述，主要讨论了最新的波形分析技术和检测仪器的构成。最后指出了声发射检测的发展方向是声发射信号的模拟识别及人工神经网络模式识别分析。     

一类逆风ENO线方法的构造及其对Euler方程的应用

本文利用ENO(essentially-non-oscillatory)插值思想,对非线性双曲型守恒律=0提出了一类逆风ENO线方法,使用这种格式其计算量比C.Shu在文[6]中提出的通量分裂方法明显减少,进而同Runge-kutta时间离散相结合,提出了时空高精度差分格式。本文还把这类方法推广到方程组并用于计算Euler方程组的黎曼问题和拟一维喷管问题,得到了比较满意的数值结果。     

GEO卫星热控涂层αS退化空间综合环境模拟试验

文章用综合低能辐照试验模拟15年地球同步轨道环境对热控材料S781白漆、SR107-ZK白漆、镀银FEP、OSR片的太阳吸收率退化趋势。有机白漆有严重退化,而OSR和 镀银FEP材料退化较少。通过与飞行试验结果比较,证明了本次模拟试验的有效性。通过利用退化趋势的试验数据,应用最小二乘法获得退化数学模型。二次指数退化模型与4种材料退化曲线符合较好。更长试验时间结果可以通过数学模型外推的方法获得。经试验验证,用8年试验数据外推15年数据误差不超过1%。     

基于发射光谱法的螺旋波电推进器等离子体源放电实验研究

为探究不同气体条件下螺旋波电推进器等离子体源的放电特征,开展了氩气、氦气和氮气放电的光谱诊断实验研究。氩气和氦气为工质气体的放电条件下,部分波长谱线相对强度随功率的增加而增强,且斜率出现两次跳变,考虑是螺旋波放电过程中的模式转换,即容性向感性、感性向波模式的转换。三种工质气体,在较低的压强下,各谱线强度均随压强增大而迅速增强,但氩气放电下压强继续增大达到1.0Pa以后,谱线强度增强趋势变缓甚至达到“饱和”状态,而氦气和氮气放电下压强增大到0.5~0.65Pa,谱线强度出现降低趋势,氦气和氮气放电强度对压强更为敏感。     

A statistical study of C IV regions in 20 Oe-stars

In this paper, using the Gauss-Rotation model (GR model), we analyse the UV C IV resonance lines in the spectra of 20 Oe-stars of different spectral subtypes, in order to detect the structure of C IV region. We study the presence and behavior of absorption clouds and analyse their characteristics. From this analysis we can calculate the values of a group of physical parameters, such as the apparent rotational and radial velocities, the random velocities of the thermal motions of the ions, the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), the optical depth, as well as the absorbed energy and the column density of the independent regions of matter, which produce the main and the satellite clouds of the studied spectral lines. Finally, we present the relations between these physical parameters and the spectral subtypes of the studied stars and we give our results about the structure of the C IV region in their atmosphere.     

防风网对煤堆遮风效果的风洞实验研究

为了考察防风网对堆场煤堆的遮风效果,进行了防风网与煤堆之间区域的流场可视化实验。使用风洞模拟大气边界层条件,并将开孔率为38.5%的防风网模型布置在煤堆模型前方。实验中采用粒子成像测速(PIV)系统测量了防风网和堆场区域的平均风速分布,并且获得了煤堆表面的摩擦风速分布,进一步估算煤堆起尘量的变化情况。实验发现,防风网可有效降低煤堆表面迎风区域的摩擦风速,而对背风面的流场分布影响较小。研究结果可为防风网的遮护作用提供一定的实验支持。     

Semi-analytic Solution of Steady Temperature Fields During Thin Plate Welding

Usually, it is very difficult to find out an analytical solution to thermal conduction problems during high temperature welding. Therefore, as an important numerical approach, the method of lines （MOLs） is introduced to solve the temperature field characterized by high gradients. The basic idea of the method is to semi-discretize the governing equation of the problem into a system of ordinary differential equations （ODEs） defined on discrete lines by means of the finite difference method, by which the thermal boundary condition with high gradients are directly embodied in formulation. Thus the temperature field can be obtained by solving the ODEs. As a numerical example, the variation of an axisymmetrical temperature field along the plate thickness can be obtained.     

增压机身蒙皮划痕线对疲劳寿命的影响

在飞机维修中可能会因为施工不当,在增压机身蒙皮上留下一些划痕线,这个问题正在引起飞机制造商和维修公司的重视。根据蒙皮划痕线的性质和受力特点,采用ANSYS软件计算了划痕缺口的最大应力,并用局部应力应变法估算了循环载荷下构件的疲劳寿命,系统分析了不同程度的划痕线对机身增压蒙皮结构完整性的影响,并得到了一些有意义的结论。     

Solar Sources of Heliospheric Energetic Electron Events—Shocks or Flares?

Electrons with near-relativistic (E≳30 keV, NrR) and relativistic (E≳0.3 MeV) energies are often observed as discrete events in the inner heliosphere following solar transient activity. Several acceleration mechanisms have been proposed for the production of those electrons. One candidate is acceleration at MHD shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) with speeds ≳1000 km s⁻¹. Many NrR electron events are temporally associated only with flares while others are associated with flares as well as with CMEs or with radio type II shock waves. Since CME onsets and associated flares are roughly simultaneous, distinguishing the sources of electron events is a serious challenge. On a phenomenological basis two classes of solar electron events were known several decades ago, but recent observations have presented a more complex picture. We review early and recent observational results to deduce different electron event classes and their viable acceleration mechanisms, defined broadly as shocks versus flares. The NrR and relativistic electrons are treated separately. Topics covered are: solar electron injection delays from flare impulsive phases; comparisons of electron intensities and spectra with flares, CMEs and accompanying solar energetic proton (SEP) events; multiple spacecraft observations; two-phase electron events; coronal flares; shock-associated (SA) events; electron spectral invariance; and solar electron intensity size distributions. This evidence suggests that CME-driven shocks are statistically the dominant acceleration mechanism of relativistic events, but most NrR electron events result from flares. Determining the solar origin of a given NrR or relativistic electron event remains a difficult proposition, and suggestions for future work are given.     

The Genesis Solar Wind Concentrator Target: Mass Fractionation Characterised by Neon Isotopes

The concentrator on Genesis provided samples of increased fluences of solar wind ions for precise determination of the oxygen isotopic composition. The concentration process caused mass fractionation as a function of the radial target position. This fractionation was measured using Ne released by UV laser ablation and compared with modelled Ne data, obtained from ion-trajectory simulations. Measured data show that the concentrator performed as expected and indicate a radially symmetric concentration process. Measured concentration factors are up to ∼30 at the target centre. The total range of isotopic fractionation along the target radius is 3.8%/amu, with monotonically decreasing ²⁰Ne/²²Ne towards the centre, which differs from model predictions. We discuss potential reasons and propose future attempts to overcome these disagreements.