边缘网络下多无人机协同计算和资源分配联合优化策略

针对边缘网络环境下多人机之间存在计算负载不均，造成卸载任务失败的问题，提出了一种多无人机间协作的智能任务卸载方案。通过联合考虑多无人机任务分配、计算资源分配和无人机飞行轨迹，引入公平性指数建立了无人机公平负载最大化和能量消耗最小化问题。基于多智能体深度强化学习框架，提出了融合轨迹规划和任务卸载的分布式算法。仿真结果表明，所提出的多无人机协作方案可以显著提高任务完成率和负载公平度，并且有效适用于大规模用户设备场景。     

无人机载MiniSAR实时成像处理GPU异步优化

合成孔径雷达(SAR)以其全天候、全天时的工作特性及其分辨率不随平台高度变化的成像特性，已成为航天遥感、目标检测领域重要的传感器之一。SAR算法复杂度往往与成像分辨率呈正相关，其中计算量问题成为雷达成像实时性的一大挑战。无人机载MiniSAR具有小型化、低功耗、灵活性强和隐蔽性强等优点，其小型化使设备计算能力受限，加剧了复杂度与分辨率之间的矛盾。图形处理单元(GPU)和多线程技术发展迅速，为无人机载MiniSAR实时成像提供了平台。本文根据实时处理机数据流和GPU异构系统的特点，提出了一种GPU异步优化方案，该方案可明显提高中央处理单元(CPU)与GPU之间的并行工作效率，节约大部分的数据存取开销。实验结果证明:GPU的成像效率是单CPU系统的12倍左右，在此基础上，使用GPU异步优化方案后效率可继续提升15%左右。本文提出的设计思路可显著缓解无人机载MiniSAR的实时成像计算压力。     

基于信息预处理的无人机集群协同电子侦察

为了提供长期有效的电子侦察能力,高机动性无人机电子侦察平台需要组成 1个多无人机电子侦察网络。多无人机电子侦察网络在面对复杂电子侦察任务时,需要具有对不同平台电子侦察结果判别和整合的能力。针对传统基于证据理论(DempsterShafer,DS)的协同电子侦察方法中,因为电磁环境的复杂性和基于 DS合成公式对不可靠信息缺少必要的筛除而导致的证据悖论问题,文章提出了基于电子侦察信息预处理的无人机集群协同电子侦察融合判决新方法。该方法对每架无人机的电子侦察信息进行预判断,得到每架无人机电子侦察信息的可信度权值,提出信息融合算法,对预处理后的电子侦察信息进行融合判决。仿真结果表明,该方法可以有效提升对多无人机电子侦察信息的甄别能力,提高无人机集群协同电子侦察性能。     

A multiscale transform denoising method of the bionic polarized light compass for improving the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation accuracy

In recent years, the bionic polarized light compass has been widely studied for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. However, it is found from the obtained investigation results that a polarized light compass with a sensitive and high dynamic range polarimeter still provides inferior output precision of the heading angle due to the presence of the noise generating from the compass.The noise is existed not only in the angle of the polarization image acquired by polarimeters but also in the out...     

Transition control of a tail-sitter unmanned aerial vehicle with L1 neural network adaptive control

The main task of this work is to design a control system for a small tail-sitter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) during the transition process. Although reasonable control performance can be obtained through a well-tuned single PID or cascade PID control architecture under nominal conditions, large or fast time-varying disturbances and a wide range of changes in the equilibrium point bring nonlinear characteristics to the transition control during the transition process, which leads to control prec...     

A new interpretable fault diagnosis method based on belief rule base and probability table

It is vital to establish an interpretable fault diagnosis model for critical equipment. Belief Rule Base (BRB) is an interpretable expert system gradually applied in fault diagnosis. However, the expert knowledge cannot be utilized to establish the initial BRB accurately if there are multiple referential grades in different fault features. In addition, the interpretability of BRB-based fault diagnosis is destroyed in the optimization process, which reflects in two aspects: deviation from the initial expert judgment and over-optimization of parameters. To solve these problems, a new interpretable fault diagnosis model based on BRB and probability table, called the BRB-P, is proposed in this paper. Compared with the traditional BRB, the BRB-P constructed by the probability table is more accurate. Then, the interpretability constraints, i.e., the credibility of expert knowledge, the penalty factor and the rule-activation factor, are inserted into the projection covariance matrix adaption evolution strategy to maintain the interpretability of BRB-P. A case study of the aerospace relay is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

多涵道无人机设计及悬停性能数值仿真

针对无人机空中自主对接和组合飞行任务需求设计了6涵道螺旋桨无人机气动构型。运用数值模拟对该型无人机进行悬停工况气动特性研究，研究不同悬停转速下整机气动性能的变化，并在涵道环括工况下对螺旋桨进行气动优化。研究结果表明：螺旋桨是悬停升力的主要来源，随着转速变化，涵道升力始终占总升力的17%左右；阻力来自机体上表面和电机支架的迎风阻力，支架的阻力达到涵道螺旋桨总升力的10%；随着桨盘载荷提升，无人机功率载荷降低；涵道的存在影响了螺旋桨的滑流特性，造成桨盘平面轴向速度增加，截面翼型迎角变小，工作效率降低，经过合理调整其扭转角分布螺旋桨效率得到提升，拉力提高3.3%，效率提高2.9%。     

Target localization based on cross-view matching between UAV and satellite

Matching remote sensing images taken by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with satellite remote sensing images with geolocation information. Thus, the specific geographic location of the target object captured by the UAV is determined. Its main challenge is the considerable differences in the visual content of remote sensing images acquired by satellites and UAVs, such as dramatic changes in viewpoint, unknown orientations, etc. Much of the previous work has focused on image matching of homologous data. To overcome the difficulties caused by the difference between these two data modes and maintain robustness in visual positioning, a quality-aware template matching method based on scale-adaptive deep convolutional features is proposed by deeply mining their common features. The template size feature map and the reference image feature map are first obtained. The two feature maps obtained are used to measure the similarity. Finally, a heat map representing the probability of matching is generated to determine the best match in the reference image. The method is applied to the latest UAV-based geolocation dataset (University-1652 dataset) and the real-scene campus data we collected with UAVs. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the method.     

Green UAV communications for 6G: A survey

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have received a wide range of attention for military and commercial applications. Enhanced with communication capability, UAVs are considered to play important roles in the Sixth Generation (6G) networks due to their low cost and flexible deployment. 6G is supposed to be an all-coverage network to provide ubiquitous connections for space, air, ground and underwater. UAVs are able to provide air-borne wireless coverage flexibly, serving as aerial base stations for ground users, as relays to connect isolated nodes, or as mobile users in cellular networks. However, the onboard energy of small UAVs is extremely limited. Thus, UAVs can be only deployed to establish wireless links temporarily. Prolonging the lifetime and developing green UAV communication with low power consumption becomes a critical challenge. In this article, a comprehensive survey on green UAV communications for 6G is carried out. Specifically, the typical UAVs and their energy consumption models are introduced. Then, the typical trends of green UAV communications are provided. In addition, the typical applications of UAVs and their green designs are discussed. Finally, several promising techniques and open research issues are also pointed out.     

无人机群体视角下的轨迹预测CSCD

利用无人机对观测目标的运动轨迹进行预测是当前无人系统领域的关键任务之一。目前的目标轨迹预测研究通常基于单一无人机所采集的轨迹数据,但由于场景中障碍物以及视角倾斜等因素的影响,单无人机不易稳定监测目标具体位置,容易导致目标丢失。而且,现有利用无人机的目标轨迹预测一般基于鸟瞰视角,没有发挥出无人机的灵活性。随着无人机集群协同技术的发展,无人机群体视角为目标全方位监测提供了新的思路,在解决目标丢失和目标遮挡问题中具有明显的优势。同时,基于多无人机的位姿估计可以估计出目标的准确三维坐标,为无人机的灵活视角观测提供基础。因此,从轨迹预测的相关工作出发,探讨无人机群体视角下轨迹预测中面临的挑战和解决思路,以期对未来的轨迹预测研究以及集群协同技术发展提供一定帮助。