混沌理论在尾桨气动噪声信号分析中的应用

研究剪刀式尾桨气动噪声的混沌特性,并应用混沌理论进行了直升机尾桨气动噪声信号分析。本文通过利用多频调制方法对尾桨噪声进行理论分析,得出相对声压值随剪刀变化的规律;然后将混沌运动的特征参数——关联维数用于剪刀式尾桨气动噪声信号的分析。分析结果表明剪刀式尾桨引起的气动噪声含有混沌特性,同时对比理论和试验结果表明剪刀尾桨构型的参数对气动噪声有明显的影响。     

基于机体振动的直升机桨毂阻尼故障诊断

研究了仅用机体振动信号诊断旋翼减摆器阻尼失效、轴向铰卡涩和水平铰卡涩3种桨毂阻尼故障的可行性。在旋翼试验台上分别设置上述3种阻尼故障,测取机体振动响应,利用快速傅立叶变换分析其频谱特征。分析表明,3种阻尼故障引起的机体振动谱图互不相同。采用概率神经网络实现了3种阻尼故障的正确分类。研究表明,仅用机体振动响应实现旋翼阻尼故障诊断是可行的。     

转子叶盘结构减振方法研究

转子叶盘结构在高速和超高速的运行状况下,可能因为失稳而剧烈振动,进而引发严重的安全事故。增大叶盘结构阻尼是减轻其振动的有效方法之一。国内外学者针对叶盘结构,开展了大量的研究,为了充分了解叶盘结构减振方法的研究进展,推动相关问题的深入研究,提出了将叶盘结构减振分为干摩擦、内摩擦和其他能量转换方式。对叶盘结构减振方法的相关研究进展进行了总结,并展望了叶盘结构减振的未来研究方向。     

适合机动飞行的旋翼气动模型研究

为改善对旋翼空气动力他轴响应的预测,在旋翼气动模型中引入时变的尾迹弯曲参数K_R,以体现机动旋翼的尾迹畸变效应.与已有方法相比,该模型的计算结果更为接近实验数据.还建立了动态尾迹畸变模型,并分析了计入尾迹收缩效应的必要性.结果表明,为了正确计算机动飞行中的旋翼气动力,特别是操纵的他轴响应,应当在模型中采用随状态变化的尾迹弯曲参数K_R.      

转子支承动刚度对转子动力特性的影响分析

针对转子支承动刚度对转子动力特性的影响,分别运用静刚度、动刚度和整机有限元模型对某型发动机进行了转子动力特性计算,并对各种计算结果进行了比较和分析;分析了转子支承动刚度剧烈变化的原因,同时,指出运用整机模型能够分析支承动刚度和各种机匣的局部振动对整机振动的影响。     

某系列发动机压气机转子叶片技术寿命研究

提出了1种基于"叶片剩余振动疲劳强度储备"概念的寿命预估法.在大量的计算分析和试验基础上,综合考虑叶片低循环疲劳寿命、稳态应力、构件的实际疲劳强度衰减规律、实测振动应力等因素,并结合外场使用情况,对压气机转子叶片进行了寿命综合评估.该方法已应用在某系列发动机压气机转子叶片技术寿命研究中,对压气机转子叶片寿命的研究而言是一次有益的探索.     

Design and experimental study of a new flapping wing rotor micro aerial vehicle

A three-wing Flapping Wing Rotor Micro Aerial Vehicle (FWR-MAV) which can perform controlled flight is introduced and an experimental study on this vehicle is presented. A mechanically driven flapping rotary mechanism is designed to drive the three flapping wings and generate lift, and control mechanisms are designed to control the pose of the FWR-MAV. A flight control board for attitude control with robust onboard attitude estimation and a control algorithm is also developed to perform stable hovering flight and forward flight. A series of flight tests was conducted, with hovering flight and forward flight tests performed to optimize the control parameters and assess the performance of the FWR-MAV. The hovering flight test shows the ability of the FWR-MAV to counteract the moment generated by rotary motion and maintain the attitude of the FWR-MAV in space; the experiment of forward flight shows that the FWR-MAV can track the desired attitude.     

Highly efficient computation method for hazard quantification of uncontained rotor failure

Uncontained Engine Rotor Failure (UERF) can cause a catastrophic failure of an aircraft, and the quantitative assessment of the hazards related to UERF is a very important part of safety analysis. However, the procedure for hazard quantification of UERF recommended by the Federal Aviation Administration in advisory circular AC20-128A is cumbersome, as it involves building auxiliary lines and curve projections. To improve the efficiency and general applicability of the risk angle calculation, a boundary discretization method is developed that involves discretizing the geometry of the target part/structure into node points and calculating the risk angles numerically by iterating a particular algorithm over each node point. The improved efficiency and excellent accuracy for the developed algorithm was validated through a comparison with manual solutions for the hazard quantification of the engine nacelle structures of a passenger aircraft using the guidance in AC20-128A. To further demonstrate the applicability of the boundary discretization method, the proposed algorithm was used to examine the influence of the target size and the distance between the target and rotor on the hazard probability.     

Flight dynamics characteristics of canard rotor/wing aircraft in helicopter flight mode

The aerodynamic layout of the Canard Rotor/Wing(CRW) aircraft in helicopter flight mode differs significantly from that of conventional helicopters. In order to study the flight dynamics characteristics of CRW aircraft in helicopter mode, first, the aerodynamic model of the main rotor system is established based on the blade element theory and wind tunnel test results. The aerodynamic forces and moments of the canard wing, horizontal tail, vertical tail and fuselage are obtained via theoretical analysis and empirical formula. The flight dynamics model of the CRW aircraft in helicopter mode is developed and validated by flight test data. Next, a method of model trimming using an optimization algorithm is proposed. The flight dynamics characteristics of the CRW are investigated by the method of linearized small perturbations via Simulink. The trim results are consistent with the conventional helicopter characteristics, and the results show that with increasing forward flight speed, the canard wing and horizontal tail can provide considerable lift,which reflects the unique characteristics of the CRW aircraft. Finally, mode analysis is implemented for the linearized CRW in helicopter mode. The results demonstrate that the stability of majority modes increases with increasing flight speed. However, one mode that diverges monotonously,and the reason is that the CRW helicopter mode has a large vertical tail compared to the conventional helicopter. The results of the dynamic analysis provide optimization guidance and reference for the overall design of the CRW aircraft in helicopter mode, and the model developed can be used for control system design.     

升力偏置对共轴刚性旋翼前飞气动特性的影响

为了分析升力偏置对共轴刚性旋翼前飞气动特性的影响，建立了基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程的计算流体力学方法进行共轴旋翼流场求解，采用嵌套网格方法模拟桨叶运动，采用双时间方法进行时间推进。针对不同升力偏置状态，采用基于"差量法"的共轴旋翼高效配平策略进行操纵量配平。通过对Harrington-1旋翼性能的计算，验证了方法的有效性。对比计算了共轴刚性旋翼在不同前进比和升力偏置量下的气动性能和流场特征，结果表明：双旋翼操纵量在小前进比状态有明显差别，在大前进比状态基本一致；在相同拉力状态，随着升力偏置量的增大，共轴旋翼升阻比先升高后降低，其阻力却不断增大，不同前进比状态的最大升阻比对应的升力偏置量不同；双旋翼相遇时桨叶拉力出现脉冲式波动，由于流场被前行桨叶所主导，因此后行桨叶拉力波动幅值更大，且波动幅值随升力偏置量的增加而增大。