月球软着陆器动力学建模研究

建立准确、实用的月球着陆探测器动力学模型,是制导、导航和控制系统方案设计中的首要工作,文中月球软着陆探测器的推进剂贮箱采用横向对称分散布局的形式,并分析了布局方式对液体推进剂晃动的影响;将贮箱内液体考虑一阶弹簧质量模型,应用虚功率原理建立包含液体推进剂晃动的月球软着陆探测器从动力下降段至最终着陆段的动力学模型,并对动力学下降段进行了数值仿真,仿真结果可为月球软着陆探测器控制系统设计提供理论参考。     

Upper limit of the total magnetic flux in an active region according to the photometric-magnetic dynamical model

The photometric-magnetic dynamical model handles the evolution of an individual sunspot as an autonomous nonlinear, though integrable, dynamical system. One of its consequences is the prediction of an upper limit of the sunspot areas. This upper limit is analytically expressed by the model parameters, while its calculated value is verified by the observational data. In addition, an upper limit for the magnetic strength inside the sunspot is also predicted, and then, we obtain the following significant result: The upper limit of the total magnetic flux in an active region is found to be of about 7.23 × 10²³ Mx, namely, phenomenologically equal to the magnetic flux concentrated in the totality of the granules of the quiet Sun, having a typical maximum magnetic strength of about 12G. Therefore, the magnetic flux concentrated in an active region cannot exceed the magnetic flux concentrated in the photosphere as a whole.     

Comparison of ionospheric F2 peak parameters foF2 and hmF2 with IRI2001 at Hainan

Monthly median values of foF2, hmF2 and M(3000)F2 parameters, with quarter-hourly time interval resolution for the diurnal variation, obtained with DPS4 digisonde at Hainan (19.5°N, 109.1°E; Geomagnetic coordinates: 178.95°E, 8.1°N) are used to investigate the low-latitude ionospheric variations and comparisons with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model predictions. The data used for the present study covers the period from February 2002 to April 2007, which is characterized by a wide range of solar activity, ranging from high solar activity (2002) to low solar activity (2007). The results show that (1) Generally, IRI predictions follow well the diurnal and seasonal variation patterns of the experimental values of foF2, especially in the summer of 2002. However, there are systematic deviation between experimental values and IRI predictions with either CCIR or URSI coefficients. Generally IRI model greatly underestimate the values of foF2 from about noon to sunrise of next day, especially in the afternoon, and slightly overestimate them from sunrise to about noon. It seems that there are bigger deviations between IRI Model predictions and the experimental observations for the moderate solar activity. (2) Generally the IRI-predicted hmF2 values using CCIR M(3000)F2 option shows a poor agreement with the experimental results, but there is a relatively good agreement in summer at low solar activity. The deviation between the IRI-predicted hmF2 using CCIR M(3000)F2 and observed hmF2 is bigger from noon to sunset and around sunrise especially at high solar activity. The occurrence time of hmF2 peak (about 1200 LT) of the IRI model predictions is earlier than that of observations (around 1500 LT). The agreement between the IRI hmF2 obtained with the measured M(3000)F2 and the observed hmF2 is very good except that IRI overestimates slightly hmF2 in the daytime in summer at high solar activity and underestimates it in the nighttime with lower values near sunrise at low solar activity.     

Ionospheric electron density over Resolute Bay according to E-CHAIM model and RISR radar measurements

In this study, predictions of the E-CHAIM ionospheric model are compared with measurements by the incoherent scatter radars RISR at Resolute Bay, Canada, in the northern polar cap. Reasonable coverage was available for all seasons except winter for which no conclusions were drawn. It is shown that ratios of the model-to measured electron densities are close to unity in the central part of the F layer, around its peak. This is particularly evident for summer daytime. Distributions of the ratios are wider for other seasons indicating larger number of cases when the model underestimates or overestimates. E-CHAIM underestimates the electron density at ionospheric topside and bottomside by ～ 10–20 %. At the bottomside, the underestimations are strongest in summer and equinoctial nighttime. At the topside, the underestimations are strongest in autumn nighttime. Model overestimations are noticeable in the middle part of the F layer during dawn hours in autumn. Overall, the model tends to not predict highest-observed peak electron densities and the largest-observed heights of the peak.     

一个基于故障树模型的诊断系统

提出一种基于故障树模型的诊断方法，并基于该方法实现了一个验证性的诊断系统。基于故障树的层次诊断模型，提出了确定性推理方法和可能性推理方法及面向故障树的基于框架和广义规则的混合知识表示方法。最后在ＣＯＭ－ＰＡＱ４８６微机上，Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下，用ｂｏｒｌａｎｄＣ＋＋实现了该诊断系统，并通过对一个电路系统实验台的诊断验证了方法的有效性。     

同波束干涉测量差分相时延观测模型研究及验证

针对月球轨道交会对接地面高精度引导需求,对同波束干涉测量差分相延观测模型进行分析验证。根据甚长基线干涉测量几何时延观测量同一波前的定义,推导出同波束差分时延观测量的观测模型。并提出一种精确的同波束干涉测量差分相时延闭合算法,同时结合SELENE任务实测的数据计算差分相时延闭合值,用于对观测模型进行验证。实测数据计算结果表明,采用本文提出的精确算法显著地消除同一波前差分相时延闭合值中的趋势项,差分相时延闭合值的精度在0.5ps~1ps范围内,验证了观测模型的正确性。该研究对于后续的月球交会对接地面高精度测定轨任务分析设计将具有一定的参考价值。     

基于六自由度模型的弹载计算机闭环仿真系统研究

提出了基于导弹六自由度模型,将弹载计算机置于导弹闭环仿真回路,从而构成对弹载计算机进行考核的半实物仿真方法。通过建立导弹六自由度模型,在分析弹载计算机信号接口和软件特点的基础上,对弹载计算机闭环仿真系统的硬件组成和工作原理进行了论述。通过采用高性能的仿真计算机、实时积分算法、智能化接口设备和基于PCI总线的数据通讯方式几个方面,保证了半实物仿真的实时性。     

基于云模型的装备维修性评估方法研究

针对装备维修性评估问题,构建了装备维修性评估指标体系,利用云模型的不确定性推理算法实现了定性语言的定量化转换,利用云图和云滴分布的定性描述表示维修性综合评估结果,使评估结果更具有直观性和说服力,研究成果为装备维修性评估提供了切实有效的评估方法.     

运载火箭风场高精度拟合方法

针对运载火箭风场传统拟合方法精度低的问题,提出一种基于最少参数神经网络的高精度拟合方法。该方法将运载火箭飞行高度作为网络输入,将风场的速度和朝向作为网络输出,在满足精度要求下使用最少的网络层数和神经元个数完成风场拟合,并给出了隐层节点数的下界公式。和传统的最小二乘多项式拟合及其分段形式相比,最少参数神经网络只使用一套框架即可完成风速和风向的拟合,并提高了拟合精度。大量仿真结果充分说明了所提出方法的有效性、简洁性和鲁棒性。     

卫星线阵立体影像的倾斜仿射变换核线模型

核线约束是构建摄影测量立体模型的重要条件。由于卫星线阵影像的多中心投影特性,难以建立其严格的核线模型。文章从上下视差最小的同名核线特征出发,在仿射变换模型基础上引入核线倾角变化参数,提出一种新的倾斜仿射变换核线模型。通过“无误差”的虚拟同名点仿真试验表明,文章提出的模型受影像范围及地表高差影响较小,在影像区块6 000像元×6 000像元、地表高差1 000m情况下,对于不同形式卫星立体影像的模型误差均小于1个像元。进一步使用实际匹配同名点平差,实验表明：对于SPOT-5、“资源三号”和“高分七号”等卫星影像,文章模型误差相对于匹配观测误差可忽略,实际核线精度在整景影像范围内优于0.8像元,所生成核线影像能够满足后续密集匹配要求。新模型的精确性和普适性相比现有同类模型显著提升,可实际应用于卫星摄影测量处理。