基于火焰面模型的超声速湍流燃烧数值模拟研究

在非结构混合网格有限体积框架下,将RANS方程和层流火焰面模型相结合,开展超声速湍流燃烧流动数值模拟研究,时间和空间离散分别采用LU-SGS格式和HLLC格式。用SST k-ω模型模拟湍流,FlameMaster 3.9生成火焰面数据库,并采用β-PDF和δ-PDF分布来考察湍流和化学反应的相互作用。采用该数值方法,对DLR氢燃料超燃燃烧室和北航乙烯燃料气动斜坡超燃燃烧室开展了数值模拟研究,并将数值计算结果与实验数据进行对比,二者符合较好。研究结果表明:在主流中心支板顺流喷射超燃燃烧室内,燃烧主要发生在支板后的燃料/空气混合层内,并且火焰核心落在恰当混合物分数Zst附近区域。      

集中供暖住宅分户热计量系统设计分折

从主立管系统和室内管线系统两个方面介绍分户热计量系统的几种设计形式，并分析每种形式优缺点，同时指出了阀门、热表等附件设计安装要点。     

智能便携式三表数据处理器

介绍一种智能型的便携式三表数据处理器，解决了三表检定数据处理繁琐的问题。     

一种仪器用高准确度MCXO

针对频率计等仪器中使用温补晶振的特殊情况提出并实现了一种软件数据补偿的特殊ＭＣＸＯ。其补偿原理与传统的方式有所不同，它不是对振荡器进行补偿控制，而是根据温度的变化以数据方式不断修改晶体振荡器的频率标称值来达到提高准确度的目的，当该振荡器被用作标准来测量其它信号或用它产生标准时间信号时，都以其准确的频率为基础进行运算和处理。所以，这种ＭＣＸＯ不但远比同类ＭＣＸＯ简单，而且在构成系统中获得的准确度也高得多     

Boundary-layer transition prediction using a simplified correlation-based model

This paper describes a simplified transition model based on the recently developed correlation-based c ? Reht transition model. The transport equation of transition momentum thick-ness Reynolds number is eliminated for simplicity, and new transition length function and critical Reynolds number correlation are proposed. The new model is implemented into an in-house com-putational fluid dynamics (CFD) code and validated for low and high-speed flow cases, including the zero pressure flat plate, airfoils, hypersonic flat plate and double wedge. Comparisons between the simulation results and experimental data show that the boundary-layer transition phenomena can be reasonably illustrated by the new model, which gives rise to significant improvements over the fully laminar and fully turbulent results. Moreover, the new model has comparable features of accuracy and applicability when compared with the original c ? Reht model. In the meantime, the newly proposed model takes only one transport equation of intermittency factor and requires fewer correlations, which simplifies the original model greatly. Further studies, especially on separation-induced transition flows, are required for the improvement of the new model.     

A new simpler rotation/curvature correction method for Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model

 A new and much simpler rotation and curvature effects factor, which takes the form of Richardson number suggested by Hellsten originally for SST k-x model, is presented for Spalart and Shur's rotation and curvature correction in the context of Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model. The new factor excludes the Lagrangian derivative of the strain rate tensor that exists in the SARC model, resulting in a simple, efficient and easy-to-implement approach for SA turbulence model (denoted as SARCM) to account for the effects of system rotation and curvature, techniquely. And then the SARCM is tested through turbulent curved wall flows: one is the flow over a zeropressure- gradient curved wall and the other is the channel flow in a duct with a U-turn. Predictions of the SARCM model are compared with experimental data and with the results obtained using original SA and SARC models. The numerical results show that SARCM can predict the rotation-curvature effects as accurately as SARC, but considerably more efficiently. Additionally, the accuracy of SARCM might strongly depend on the rotation-curvature model constants. Suggesting values for those constants are given, after some trials and errors.     

基于神经网络的电表数字识别技术研究

提出了基于BP神经网络的机械式电表数字自动识别方法,首先通过预处理自动定位电表图像中的数字区域并实现单个数字的切分,然后对每个数字图像提取一组具有较高区分度且计算简单的典型网格特征,最后设计BP神经网络作为数字分类器,实现电度表显示值快速自动识别,该研究获得了电表数字正确识别率98.5%的结果,表明该系统具有较强的鲁棒性。     

A MHD-turbulence model for solar corona

The disposition of energy in the solar corona has always been a problem of great interest. It remains an open question how the low temperature photosphere supports the occurence of solar extreme phenomena. In this work, a turbulent heating mechanism for the solar corona through the framework of reduced magnetohydrodynamics (RMHD) is proposed. Two-dimensional incompressible long time simulations of the average energy disposition have been carried out with the aim to reveal the characteristics of the long time statistical behavior of a two-dimensional cross-section of a coronal loop and the importance of the photospheric time scales in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms. It was found that for a slow, shear type photospheric driving the magnetic field in the loop self-organizes at large scales via an inverse MHD cascade. The system undergoes three distinct evolutionary phases. The initial forcing conditions are quickly “forgotten” giving way to an inverse cascade accompanied with and ending up to electric current dissipation. Scaling laws are being proposed in order to quantify the nonlinearity of the system response which seems to become more impulsive for decreasing resistivity. It is also shown that few, if any, qualitative changes in the above results occur by increasing spatial resolution.     

抗大气湍流近红外计算鬼成像

为解决大气湍流造成成像质量严重下降的问题,提出一种抗大气湍流近红外计算鬼成像方法。计算鬼成像利用调制光场和物光总光强进行强度关联来获取图像信息,调制光场是决定成像质量的一个关键。利用湍流随时间和空间变化,将其作为计算鬼成像中的随机调制光场,通过功率谱反演法模拟强、中、弱三种大气湍流引起的相位扰动影响,并加载到光传播链路中完成抗大气湍流近红外鬼成像仿真分析。利用近红外相机作为探测器搭建计算鬼成像实验系统,并进行外场实验对提出的方法进行实验验证。仿真和实验结果表明,仿真三种不同强度湍流情况和外场条件下均能重构出目标物体的像,仿真图像信噪比分别为19.4 dB、24.2 dB和64.58 dB,表明了计算关联成像在近红外波段抗大气湍流的有效性。该方法结构简单,易于实现,可为近红外抗大气湍流探测提供一种技术途径。     

转盘测距仪的工作原理及其误差分析

转盘测距仪的结构简单,安装操作方便,测量精度比较高,现已得到广泛应用。简要介绍转盘测距仪的工作原理,测量误差来源与分布以及减少测量误差的方法。