Improvement of Baldwin-Lomax turbulence model for supersonic complex flows

Entropy represents the dissipation rate of energy. Through direct numerical simulation (DNS) of supersonic compression ramp flow, we find the value of entropy is monotonously decreasing along the wall-normal direction no matter in the attached or the separated region. Based on this feature, a new version of Baldwin-Lomax turbulence model (BL-entropy) is proposed in this paper. The supersonic compression ramp and cavity-ramp flows in which the original Baldwin-Lomax model fails to get convergent solutions are chosen to evaluate the performance of this model. Results from one-equation Spalart-Allmaras model (SA) and two-equation Wilcox k-x model are also included to compare with available experimental and DNS data. It is shown that BLentropy could conquer the essential deficiency of the original version by providing a more physically meaningful length scale in the complex flows. Moreover, this method is simple, computationally efficient and general, making it applicable to other models related with the supersonic boundary layer.     

Fluctuations of cosmic rays and IMF in the vicinity of interplanetary shocks

Fluctuations of cosmic rays and interplanetary magnetic field upstream of interplanetary shocks are studied using data of ground-based polar neutron monitors as well as measurements of energetic particles and solar wind plasma parameters aboard the ACE spacecraft. It is shown that coherent cosmic ray fluctuations in the energy range from 10 keV to 1 GeV are often observed at the Earth’s orbit before the arrival of interplanetary shocks. This corresponds to an increase of solar wind turbulence level by more than the order of magnitude upstream of the shock. We suggest a scenario where the cosmic ray fluctuation spectrum is modulated by fast magnetosonic waves generated by flux of low-energy cosmic rays which are reflected and/or accelerated by an interplanetary shock.     

TELEDYNE8800A露点仪的实验室应用

将TELEDYNE8800A露点仪应用到实验室中,采取相应措施尽量消除实验室条件下的一些不利因素,以达到快速、准确地测量介质中微量水分的目的.     

Magnetohydrodynamics in solar and space physics

Because of its proximity, our Sun provides a unique opportunity to perform high resolution observations of its outer layers throughout the whole electromagnetic spectrum. We can also theoretically model most of the fascinating physical phenomena taking place on the Sun, as well as their impact on the solar system.     

旋转对气膜冷却影响的大涡模拟

采用大涡模拟,考察了旋转影响气膜冷却的物理机制。参考实验模型,用带有30°倾斜圆柱孔的平板模拟涡轮转子叶片的吸力面,冷气出口雷诺数为1300,冷气和主流的吹风比为0.5,计算了静止和旋转数为0.2两种条件下的流动和换热,全面展示了旋转对平均流场、涡量、湍流结构和壁面温度分布的影响,并由此对实验现象进行了解释。结果表明,旋转使气膜孔下游的对转涡对产生不对称性;旋转引发的哥氏力使气膜冷却流场中的发夹型漩涡结构向高半径方向偏移,引起涡量分布的改变;旋转破坏了发夹涡的连续性,减少了对主流的卷吸和主流传递给冷气的热量,从而提高了冷却核心区的冷却效率,与实验中观察到的现象一致。     

Transition study of 3D aerodynamic configures using improved transport equations modeling

As boundary layer transition plays an important role in aerodynamic drag prediction,the proposal and study of transition prediction methods simulating the complex flow phenomena are prerequisite for aerodynamic design. In this paper, with the application of the linear stability theory based on amplification factor transport transition equations on the two-equation shear stress transport(SST) eddy-viscosity model, a new method, the SST-N TS-N CF model, is yielded. The new amplification factor transport equation for the crossflow instability induced transition is proposed to add to the N TS equation proposed by Coder, which simulates Tollmien–Schlichting wave transition. The turbulent kinetic energy equation is modified by introducing a new source term that simulates the transition process without the intermittency factor equation. Finally, coupled with these two amplification factor transport equations and SST turbulence model, a four-equation transition turbulence model is built. Comparisons between predictions using the new model and wind-tunnel experiments of NACA64(2)A015, NLF(2)-0415 and ONERA-D infinite swept wing and ONERAM6 swept wing validate the predictive quality of the new SST-N_(TS)-N_(CF) model.     

对称交叉激波和湍流边界层相互作用的数值研究

针对两种双尖鳍外形的对称交叉激波与湍流边界层相互作用,采用N-S方程和两种湍流模型进行了计算。研究了网格收敛性、鳍的角度和湍流模型对壁面压强、Stanton数和壁面摩擦力线的影响。弱相互作用的计算结果较好,强相互作用的壁面压强和摩擦力线的计算结果与试验吻合较好,而Stanton数的计算结果较差,峰值高达试验的2.5倍左右。随着鳍的角度的增加,壁面压强和Stanton数的分布从单调分布发展为M型分布,两者的峰值不在相同的位置。湍流模型对壁面压强和壁面摩擦力线影响很小,对Stanton数计算的影响很大,SST模型比BSL模型表现好一些。     

多点喷射模型燃烧室性能CFD分析

采用Fluent的雷诺应力模型、非预混燃烧和非预混平衡化学反应PDF模型、压力-旋流雾化喷嘴模型、P1辐射模型,对多点喷射模型燃烧室的燃烧性能进行了计算。分析了不同余气系数的影响及旋流器下游各截面的温度分布,结果表明,数值计算能够模拟大部分流场结构,余气系数对回流区几乎没有影响,但对主燃区的峰值温度位置有明显作用;对NOx分布规律进行了研究,结果表明,NO的分布与温度分布类似,高温区对应高NO质量分数区;随着流动向下游发展,NO分布趋于均匀。     

互感器接入式三相功率表校准方法研究

在校准指针式三相功率表时,由于一次侧和二次侧存在变比,往往三相功率的额定值由计算获得。单纯的认为在特定功率因数下,功率值为电流和电压乘积的方式,可能会带来较大的测量误差,甚至会对校准结果产生误判断。本文将详细介绍这种互感器方式接入的三相功率表的校准方法,并进行理论分析。