航空发动机一维数值仿真

分析了航空发动机一维气动热力数值仿真模型,此模型能够用于航空发动机整机数值仿真.进行了整机性能数值仿真,求解过程考虑了粘性效应以及气体流动损失对于整机性能的影响;采用了具有TVD性质的高阶精度Godunov格式,此格式具有良好的数值稳定性和激波捕捉能力;应用了时间推进法,交替使用显/隐格式.计算了某型带加力的混排涡扇发动机的速度特性以及节流特性并且与设计数据进行了比较分析,数值仿真结果与设计数据比较吻合.分析了典型工作点的计算过程,模型收敛速度较快.     

Fault diagnosis based on measurement reconstruction of HPT exit pressure for turbofan engine

Aero-engine gas path health monitoring plays a critical role in Engine Health Management(EHM). To achieve unbiased estimation, traditional filtering methods have strict requirements on measurement parameters which sometimes cannot be measured in engineering. The most typical one is the High-Pressure Turbine(HPT) exit pressure, which is vital to distinguishing failure modes between different turbines. For the case of an abrupt failure occurring in a single turbine component, a model-based sensor measurement reconstruction method is proposed in this paper. First,to estimate the missing measurements, the forward algorithm and the backward algorithm are developed based on corresponding component models according to the failure hypotheses. Then,a new fault diagnosis logic is designed and the traditional nonlinear filter is improved by adding the measurement estimation module and the health parameter correction module, which uses the reconstructed measurement to complete the health parameters estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can well restore the desired measurement and the estimated measurement can be used in the turbofan engine gas path diagnosis. Compared with the diagnosis under the condition of missing sensors, this method can distinguish between different failure modes, quantify the variations of health parameters, and achieve good performance at multiple operating points in the flight envelope.     

悬臂静子间隙影响的计算分析

悬臂静子在小型涡轮喷气和涡轴发动机的轴流压气机上广泛应用,为了探讨不同条件下悬臂静子间隙的影响,在特定的环境下,分别针对常规负荷和高负荷、小轮毂比和中等轮毂比,组合成几种不同方案,计算分析了静子根部径向间隙分别为弦长的0%、0.25%、0.5%、1%、1.5%和2%情况。计算结果表明:与叶栅中情况类似,在压气机中,悬臂静子同样存在一个特性上表现最优的最佳间隙;在根部未发生角区失速的大流量状态和设计状态,间隙的引入会使得特性恶化,在根部发生角区失速后的小流量状态,间隙的引入则能使得特性变优;间隙形成的泄漏流对角区分离的影响与间隙大小和角区分离程度相关;压气机设计状态负荷水平减小后,间隙的影响规律基本不变;轮毂比增大后,最佳间隙值有减小的趋势。     

航空发动机数控系统中LVDT传感器信号处理及在线故障检测

通过对线位移差动变压器(LVDT)信号处理电路的深刻研究, 给出了芯片发热、温漂、信号精度等问题的一般解决方法, 提出了一种通过软、硬件结合, 在不增加外围器件的情况下对LVDT传感器进行在线故障检测的定值判断法.发动机台架试验结果表明, 所提出的方法是行之有效的.      

全封闭式压缩机转速测量方法的研究

讨论了用测量振动频率的方法对全封闭式压缩机进行转速的测量.此种方法也能用于其他封闭式转动类机械的转速测量.     

振动建筑中人的烦恼率

现有的结构振动舒适度验算方法的最大问题是无法定量知道实际设计效果，针对这个问题，本文首先从心理物理学的角度研究了人对振动主观反应的模糊性和随机性，结合国内外有关实验研究，给出了上述不确定性的模糊属度函数和概率分布形式；然后把心理物理学对烦恼率的计算方法移植到结构振动舒适性设计中去，建立了相应的烦恼率计算模型；最后，结合高层建筑风振舒适度问题对该模型的合理性和有效性进行了研究，并把计算结果与实测结果与实测数据以及ISO标准进行了比较，结果表明用烦恼率方法最大的优点是能够非常准确地预测出因风振舒适度导致的不满人数的比例，而且与ISO标准具有很好的一致性。     

Stationary non-Gaussian random vibration control: A review

This paper presents a review of the various methods for the stationary non-Gaussian random vibration control. Random vibration tests can be divided, according to the number of exciters, in single-shaker tests and multiple-shaker tests. In the stationary non-Gaussian random vibration test, the time and frequency domain characteristics of the responses should be controlled independently and simultaneously. Skewness and kurtosis are usually selected as the non-Gaussian time control references (targets) while power spectral density is the frequency domain control procedure before it recalls the concepts of non-Gaussianity. Then, the generation of a one frame stationary non-Gaussian random signal for both the single and multiple shakers are reviewed. The commonly used methods for the single non-Gaussian random signal generation in the random vibration test are memoryless nonlinear transformation, phase modification and Filtered Poisson process. For the multiple-shaker case, the sequential phase modification and memoryless nonlinear transformation are used to generate one frame coupled multi-channel non-Gaussian random signal. In order to obtain a stationary and consecutive dynamic input, the time domain randomization procedure is introduced with high computational efficiency and its influences on the skewness and kurtosis are analyzed. Finally, two existing problems in the non-Gaussian random vibration control are addressed.     

基于摄影测量技术的航天发动机装配过程几何参数测量方法研究

当前我国航天发动机装配过程几何参数的测量方法为专业人员操作激光跟踪仪或全站仪逐点位进行测量,此类方法存在测量效率低的缺点。针对此问题,提出了一种高效的基于摄影测量技术的航天发动机装配过程几何参数测量方法,对该测量方法的测量原理进行了介绍,详细说明了这一方法各测量环节实现的测量目的,最后通过实测数据计算工业数字摄影测量技术在此类应用中的系统准确度,证明了该测量方法的可行性。     

复杂结构的非线性检测

由于非线性系统的复杂性,现有的各种非线性检测方法都有局限性。从频域、幅域和时域三方面综合考察复杂结构的非线性表现,采用六种方法进行非线性检测,给出一个综合描述系统非线性程度的指标－非线性因子。鉴于非线性系统表现出的非线性强弱与系统所受的激励有直接的关系,将非线性因子定义为与激励的幅值特性和频率特性相关的系数指标。对几种典型非线性系统的仿真模型进行了检测,以验证非线性因子的有效性。     

惩罚函数法在发动机性能计算中的应用

按照涡喷发动机工作时遵守的气动热力学定律，建立了发动机的稳定数学模型，并针对双轴涡轮发动机性能计算的非线性数学模型，利用优化和最优控制理论中的惩罚函数法，对发动机性能进行了基于约束的最优求解程序设计，利用程序对某型发动机的稳定飞行特性进行了计算，计算结果表明，使用惩罚函数法求出的特性曲线变化规律正确，发动机平衡方程的解的精度更高，在此基础上得出的发动机飞行特性也更准确。另外惩罚函数法对初值的要求很低，迭代运算不易发散。