Vibration analysis and control technologies of hydraulic pipeline system in aircraft: A review

Vibrations in aircraft hydraulic pipeline system, due to multi-source excitation of high fluid pressure fluctuation and serious vibration environment of airframe, can cause the pipeline system vibration failures through overload in engineering field. Controlling the vibrations in hydraulic pipeline is a challenging work to ensure the flight safety of aircraft. The common vibration control technologies have been demonstrated to be effective in typical structures such as aerospace structures, shipbuilding structures, marine offshore structures, motor structures, etc. However, there are few research literatures on vibration control strategies of aircraft hydraulic pipeline. Combining with the development trend of aircraft hydraulic pipeline system and the requirement of vibration control technologies, this paper provides a detailed review on the current vibration control technologies in hydraulic pipeline system. A review of the general approaches following the passive and active control technologies are presented, which are including optimal layout technique of pipeline and clamps, constrained layer damping technique, vibration absorber technique, hydraulic hose technique, optimal pump structure technique, and active vibration control technique of pipeline system. Finally, some suggestions for the application of vibration control technologies in engineering field are given.     

基于谐波平衡法的微振动被动控制动力学研究

为了探究航天器被动隔振系统参数对隔振效果的影响,用变形的三次多项式函数描述粘弹性隔振器的非线性刚度,用分数导数阶算子表征隔振器的阻尼特性,建立了微重力状态下被动隔振系统非线性动力学模型,用谐波平衡法对动力学微分方程进行求解,计算隔振系统的振动传递率,然后探讨了隔振器以及隔振对象的刚度、阻尼、质量对隔振效果的影响。研究结果表明,隔振器非线性阻尼项对系统隔振效果影响很大,被隔振对象的质量对隔振系统共振峰值的影响与非线性阻尼系数的大小密切相关。     

Limit protection design in turbofan engine acceleration control based on scheduling command governor

A new limit protection method based on Scheduling Command Governor (SCG) is proposed for imposing multiple constraints on a turbofan engine during acceleration process. A Gain Scheduling Controller (GSC) is designed for the transient state control and its stability proof is developed using Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). The SCG is an add-on control scheme which manages engine limits effectively based on reference trajectory optimization. Unlike the traditional min–max architecture with switching logic, the SCG method utilizes the Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) closed-loop model to form a prediction of future constraint violation and per instant solves a constraint-admissible reference within an approximate Maximal Output Admissible Set (MOAS). The influence of the variation of engine dynamic characteristics and equilibrium points during transient state control is handled by the design of contractive sets. Simulation results on a turbofan engine component-level model show the applicability and effectiveness of the SCG method. Compared to the traditional min–max method, the SCG method has less conservativeness. In addition, the design of contractive sets makes conservativeness tunable.     

Decentralized vibration control of a multi-link flexible robotic manipulator using smart piezoelectric transducers

The work in this paper is aimed to investigate the use of a decentralized control system for suppressing vibration of a multi-link flexible robotic manipulator using embedded smart piezoelectric transducers. To achieve this, a non-linear dynamic model of a flexible robotic manipulator with smart piezoelectric actuators/sensors, is developed based on the co-rotational finite element method. The method incorporates multiple co-ordinate (co-rotational) systems which rotate and translate with each element, so that the geometric non-linearity present in rotating manipulator system can be dealt with efficiently. The placement of piezoelectric actuators and sensors over the flexible links are considered for the application of decentralized control system. A numerical study shows that the developed co-rotational finite element method can be utilized to investigate the piezoelectric actuator/sensor placement and vibration control performances for a multi-link flexible manipulator undertaking complicated motion.     

先进空间运输系统气动设计综述

天地往返运输系统是能够自由进出空间轨道、安全返回地球表面、执行天地往返运输任务的航天运输体系。近年来,随着先进动力、新材料、新工艺的带动效应逐渐显现,各航天集团开始了新一轮先进天地往返系统的研究,其中大量研究项目针对具备完全可重复使用、可大幅降低运送有效载荷进入太空成本的先进天地往返运输系统展开。本文针对这一热点领域进行综述性研究,对不同类型进出大气层飞行器的气动设计特点进行了分析,结果表明跨大气层飞行器是天地往返运输系统的主要载体,认为未来主要以火箭助推入轨滑翔再入和水平起飞水平返回为主要发展方向,两类飞行在气动设计方面有高超飞行器宽域飞行适应性的共性难题,同时在气动-动力一体化化设计方面又有较大的差异。     

障碍物对脉冲爆震火箭发动机性能影响的实验研究（爆震专刊）

为了探究障碍物对脉冲爆震火箭发动机在无阀自适应工作方式下性能的影响,采用汽油为燃料,富氧空气为氧化剂,开展了工作频率为20 Hz的无阀式多循环实验研究。实验中使用Shchelkin螺旋、螺旋凹槽、环形凹槽和孔板等作为障碍物,并分析了其对起爆和推进性能的影响。研究结果表明,Shchelkin螺旋、螺旋凹槽和环形凹槽在阻塞比0.36 ~ 0.56都可实现PDRE的稳定工作,孔板在阻塞比0.56时无法实现爆震的起始;Shchelkin螺旋的DDT距离和DDT时间最短;实验测得的平均推力较理论值有13.3% ~ 39.3%的亏损,阻塞比0.36的Shchelkin螺旋推力损失最小;虽然螺旋凹槽与环形凹槽的流阻损失小,但没有明显的增推效果。     

卫星大挠性桁架结构振动抑制试验研究

研究大型挠性空间桁架结构(LFST)的振动抑制问题.基于LFST特性,设计一套空间桁架试验系统.针对LFST具有大挠性、低刚度和低阻尼等特性,设计并研制一种圆柱式剪切型粘弹性阻尼器,给出具有粘弹性阻尼器的桁架阻尼杆的动力学模型.分别利用有限元方法和试验分析方法,对空间桁架的模态频率、模态阻尼比以及瞬态激励响应进行仿真和试验分析.结果表明应用这种阻尼器,桁架结构系统的第一阶模态阻尼比从0.49%增大到13.1%,其他各阶模态阻尼比也都有所增加.     

转子振动信号的二阶非平稳源盲分离

复杂的转子系统的多振动混叠信号分离是振动信号处理领域的一个难题。在介绍盲源分离基本原理的基础上,首次选用了二阶非平稳源盲分离算法对带有较强噪声的实际转子系统的振动信号进行盲分离,满意地分离出了各个振动源信号。采用SONS算法得到的振动源频谱分析清晰地反映出了各个振动源的频谱特性,且较好地抑制了噪声的影响。研究中提出的测量方法,为实际复杂结构的振动源盲识别提供了支持。     

基于试车数据统计的振动限制值确定方法

统计了某型液体火箭发动机涡轮泵27次地面试车振动数据和某型涡扇发动机28次台架试车振动数据,发现一次试车时间序列的振动特征参数随时间的波动反映了随机误差的变化,符合正态分布;不同台份发动机试车振动参数幅值的波动是发动机健康状态和试验误差共同作用的结果,不遵循正态分布规律,F分布是其分布的重要形式。在此基础上,研究了基于"概率相等法"和"3σ方法"原理的两种发动机振动限制值的确定方法。通过两种方法计算结果的相互验证,以及计算结果和工程实践的对比,说明确定振动限制值方法的正确性和实用性。     

荧光定量PCR技术在环境微生物检测中的应用

阐述了实时荧光定量PCR技术的原理、特点及其在环境微生物检测中的应用与研究进展,分析了该技术在环境微生物检测中存在的问题,并探讨了存在的问题,以及其发展和应用前景。