应用空间技术 GPS 监测地震

空间定位技术GPS 可以达到很高的相对定位精度(10~(-6)～10~(-8)),是监测地壳运动、进行地震预报的一种新手段。中国华北是一个地震活跃地区。应用GPS 技术在华北布设了一个地震监测网,经过精心观测、优化设计和严密平差,获得了高精度的第一期成果。华北GPS 网的建立将为大震预测和地球科学各领域的研究提供重要的科学依据。     

Design and feedforward control of large-rotation two-axis scan mirror assembly with MEMS sensor integration

As a key component of electro-optical systems, a Two-axis Scan mirror AssemblY(TSAY) is usually used for Line-of-Sight(LOS) precision pointing, tracking, scanning, and stabilizing. Therefore, it is necessary for a TSAY to have a large angular range, high dynamic characteristics, and small mirror surface distortion. Furthermore, vibration from carriers of electro-optical systems, such as spacecraft and airplanes, is inevitable, so it is critical to guarantee the control accuracy of a TSAY under vibration. In this paper, a TSAY prototype is designed and developed. To increase the control bandwidth, structural topology optimization is applied to the TSAY's elliptical mirror to reduce the moment of inertia, meanwhile keeping surface flatness. A flexible hinge is adopted to achieve a large angular range. To suppress the angular perturbation caused by the base linear vibration, an adaptive feedforward loop with base-integrated Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS) accelerators is constructed to enhance the TSAY's feedback loop. Simulation and experimental results show that the TSAY prototype's two-axis mechanical angular ranges are more than ±3.2°, the mirror surface flatness Root Mean Square(RMS) value is better than 0.04 k, and the closed-loop bandwidth is beyond 330 Hz. These are suitable for most applications. Besides, the angular perturbation caused by the base vibration can be suppressed more than 37.7% with the addition of the adaptive feedforward loop.     

Robust decentralized control design for aircraft engines: A fractional type

A new decentralized control for aircraft engines is proposed. In the proposed control approach, aircraft engines are considered as uncertain large-scale systems composed of interconnected uncertain subsystems. For each subsystem, the time-varying uncertainty, including parameter disturbances and interconnections in/between subsystems, is depicted by a class of general nonlinear functions. A fractional robust decentralized control with two parts, the nominal one and the fractional one, is presented. The nominal control guarantees the asymptotical stability of the engine system without uncertainty. The fractional part aims at overcoming the influences of uncertainty. Compared to the previous studies, the presented control provides not only an extra flexibility for the system performance tuning by the fraction-type gain but also a facility for the control input calculation. The proposed control approach is applied to a turbofan engine with two subsystems. The computer simulation shows that, in the flight envelope, the fractional control not only guarantees the closed-loop system uniform boundedness and ultimate uniform boundedness but also shows good economy.     

高速数据采集和分析系统研究

为了在地面实验中监测航空发动机的振动情况和进行故障诊断, 研制了高速数据采集系统、信号处理系统以及基于模糊聚类方法上的故障诊断系统。在数据采集系统中采用并行A/D结构以提高采集速度;研制高性能的数字倍频电路以准确实现整周期采样。利用软、硬件结合的方法对测试结果进行补偿, 提高了相位精度。用标准信号和现场试验信号进行考核, 结果表明该系统能很好满足测量要求。      

民用航空发动机状态监视和故障诊断系统研究

北京飞机维修工程公司、北京航空航天大学、中国民航学院、东方航空公司联合发展了用计算机进行发动机状态监视和故障诊断的系统EMD, 已在国内最大的两家航空公司试用成功。对B767、B747、A310共13架大型客机的40台发动机进行状态监视和故障诊断, 取得良好的经济效益。      

用摄动法研究几何尺寸为随机量时轮盘的可靠性

几何尺寸和材料性质等的随机性都影响结构的可靠性。本文提出用建立在二阶摄动法基础上的概率有限元来分析轮盘的几何形状不确定时的随机应力场和可靠性, 研究用摄动方法处理问题的基本思路, 推导随机应力场和可靠度的计算公式, 用简单算例分析讨论了几何尺寸对可靠性的影响规律, 算例结果与MonteCarlo模拟结果的对比表明本文的方法有效, 理论正确。      

基于神经网络的火箭发动机动态过程建模

简要介绍了神经网络的基本理论, 分析了神经网络与非线性建模问题。基于对液体火箭发动机动态过程的研究, 提出了用神经网络建模的一般思路和基本方法, 从而为发动机参数研究找到了新的建模途径。建模结果表明, 将神经网络应用于液体火箭发动机动态过程的研究是十分成功的。      

复合随机因素下航空发动机结构的可靠性分析

同时考虑航空发动机材料的随机性, 结构几何形状的随机性, 随机载荷和随机边界条件, 研究复合随机因素下的概率有限元, 在摄动法的基础上推导出结构的随机应力场, 并建立相应的可靠性理论。分析随机因素的特征后, 导出现有的航空发动机结构可靠性分析的各种计算方法, 并进行了航空发动机的轮盘的可靠性分析。      

涡轮轴发动机振动监测技术研究

介绍了某型涡轮轴发动机的振动特点, 针对其空中、地面的振动频谱分布情况, 提出了实施振动监测的方法。结合部队外场的实际情况, 利用单片微机研制出适合外场地面、空中使用的振动监测仪, 收到了较好的效果。      

基于磁致伸缩作动器的主动隔振系统分析

基于材料的本构方程,建立主动隔振系统的模型,并对其动力学和控制稳定性进行了研究。分析和仿真表明,上层质量对主动控制力的影响较大,采用中间质量的加速度作为反馈量时下层刚度对隔振效果影响明显。在系统的前馈控制形式中,振动频率的变化不会影响系统稳定性,但反馈环节将会降低稳定裕度;在反馈控制形式中,随着振动频率的增大,次通道的延迟作用可能使系统不稳定。