考虑应力松弛的涡轮盘蠕变-疲劳寿命可靠性分析方法

提出了考虑材料蠕变应变模型参数分散性及应力松弛效应的涡轮盘蠕变-疲劳寿命可靠性分析方法。首先建立蠕变应变概率模型;然后采用响应面法分别回归蠕变和疲劳损伤函数;通过蒙特卡洛法模拟总损伤分布及寿命可靠度。同时提出给定可靠度的寿命计算方法和两种考虑应力松弛的涡轮盘蠕变-疲劳寿命可靠度分析简化方法。通过算例验证了方法的有效性。     

封闭转静盘腔中紊流的数值模拟

对一个旋转盘腔的流场进行了数值计算研究。该盘腔由一个旋转盘,一个静止盘及静止的外围屏组成。在盘腔的核心区采用标准k-ε模型,在近壁区分别采用了两种低雷诺数紊流模型,即(1)单方程模型和(2)Launder-Sharma低雷诺数k-ε模型,并且在第二个模型中考虑了固体旋转引起的耗散率降低的修正。      

涡轮叶片的循环蠕变分析

研究了航空发动机一级涡轮叶片的蠕变行为。对叶片的危险区作了静载恒温蠕变计算和变温变载蠕变计算。其结果是静载恒温蠕变和实验结果一致;其循环蠕变变形略小于静蠕变变形。变温变载下叶片的蠕变寿命可用静载恒温蠕变进行预估。      

热斑对涡轮级转静干涉噪声影响数值研究

利用结合相位延迟方法的求解器,对进口有热斑存在的某高压涡轮级流场进行三维非定常计算,然后利用模态匹配方法在涡轮转子下游管道中提取出转静干涉离散噪声信息.通过与进口无热斑存在算例比较表明:在一倍叶片通过频率下,向下游传播的转静干涉离散噪声总声功率级增加了约5.9dB;在二倍叶片通过频率下增加了约11.6dB.      

直接供气预旋转静系的换热

用实验方法研究了直接供气转静系预旋腔内转盘表面的换热情况,得到了转盘表面的局部努塞尔数分布云图、周向平均努塞尔数沿径向的分布以及转盘表面平均努塞尔数随转速和流量的变化规律.实验结果表明:相同流量系数下,旋转雷诺数较低时,主盘面局部努塞尔数的峰值区出现在低半径小分离区的上方,旋转雷诺数较高时,局部努塞尔数的峰值区向高半径移动和扩展,且覆盖的半径范围变宽.相同旋转雷诺数下,流量系数越大,局部努塞尔数的峰值区向低半径移动,其覆盖的半径范围变窄;主盘面的平均努塞尔数与旋转雷诺数或流量系数均呈单调增大关系.      

前置涡轮组合脉冲爆震发动机性能分析

为解决纯脉冲爆震发动机地面启动问题,并提升其低马赫数下的性能优势,提出了一种利用外涵中爆震室头部压力驱动内涵中涡轮转动部件的前置涡轮组合脉冲爆震发动机,建立了相应的性能分析方法,并对其部件特性及整机性能进行了计算研究。结果表明,近似稳态的涡轮总温总压进口条件可以在该组合发动机中实现,同时随着爆震室头部侧向开孔面积与爆震室面积之比(即驱动面积比)增大,流入发动机内涵驱动涡轮的气体流量增大,而涡轮前总温、总压及涡轮落压比减小,组合发动机整机推进性能增大;通过改变驱动面积比的大小,可以获得不同的压气机增压比以适于不同的飞行马赫数,进而实现发动机宽广的工作范围。     

Effect of the protrusion shape on gas ingestion of two sealing structures

The windage loss caused by protrusion in a rotor–stator cavity has been studied in detail, and there are abundant fitting formulas that have been summarized to calculate the moment coefficients. Some other theorists have emphasized its effect on the sealing efficiency, proposing that installation of protrusion could alleviate gas ingestion. However, the protrusion shape which is an influential factor on the sealing efficiency has not been focused in previous research. Using the experimental method of measuring CO₂ volume fraction, cavity pressure, and power consumption, we investigated the effects of several typical protrusion shapes on various parameters for two sealing structures, in order to obtain the optimal shape. Results showed that a variation of the protrusion shape had little impact on the static pressure, but the total pressure and the sealing efficiency increased in different degrees. Furthermore, even though the hexagon shape resulted in the highest sealing efficiency, we observed that the drop shape had the best overall performance in all of the eight models, which could result in higher efficiency of the turbine cavity. The combination of a radial seal structure and protrusion could improve sealing efficiency better.     

Flow characteristics in a rotor-stator cavity with cooling air inlet at low radius

Experiments were conducted on a typical rotor-stator system where air entered through an annular slot at low radius and flowed out of the cavity axially through a rim seal between the rotor and the stator. For the seal in this rotor-stator system, the stationary shroud overlapped the rotating one. Pressure distributions at the stator surface and flow resistance coefficients of the rotor-stator cavity with a maximum gap of 67mm were measured under different dimensionless mass flow rates from 1.32×104 to 4.87×104 with a large range of rotational Reynolds numbers from 0.418×106 to 2.484×106. The results show that pressure on the stator surface decreases with the increase of rotational Reynolds number when the dimensionless mass flow rate is below 1.3×104; when the dimensionless mass flow rate is above 3.034×104, the trend reverses. This is the so-called "pressure inversion effect". However, dimensionless pressure does not show the same changes when rotational dynamic pressure is chosen as the denominator. The resistance coefficient of the rotor-stator cavity is determined by the dimensionless mass flow rate and rotational Reynolds number; for practical application, the resistance coefficient can also be estimated by the turbulent flow parameter in the range of turbulent parameter from 0.1 to 1.6.      

小流量下转静系盘腔传热特性

采用热敏液晶(TLC)瞬态传热实验技术对小流量下的中心进气转静系盘腔传热特性进行研究,介绍了同步触发拍摄系统,考察了流量与转速变化对动盘面传热的影响.结果表明:在所研究工况范围内,流量变化对动盘面中低半径处传热影响较大,对高半径处影响较小;转速升高使动盘面传热效果整体增强;当湍流流动参数较小时,动盘面中高半径区域努塞尔数随半径增大而增大;采用湍流流动参数对动盘面平均努塞尔数进行归纳,实验结果与雷诺相似分析结果的偏差小于15%,一定程度上验证了雷诺相似对转静盘腔传热问题的适用性.      

涡轮轴低周疲劳寿命可靠性分析及优化设计方法研究

为保障涡轮轴在多种不确定性因素影响下的可靠性和寿命性能,建立了涡轮轴低周疲劳寿命可靠性分析与优化设计方法.搭建了涡轮轴结构分析、可靠性分析和可靠性优化设计的参数化平台,实现了设计参数的不同访问值处结构分析和可靠性分析的自主调用.提出了改进Monte Carlo结合自适应Kriging的算法(A-MCS-AK),通过多点...