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采用放大的叶片模型,利用大尺寸低速线性叶栅风洞进行实验,测量了涡轮导向叶片表面不同位置单排气膜孔的气膜冷却效率,研究了孔排位置、吹风比及来流雷诺数的影响。风洞实验段由3个叶片组成,其中中间的叶片为试验叶片,由优质木材制成。试验叶片表面上开有15排气膜孔,其中吸力面3排,前缘区6排,压力面6排。实验的参数变化范围是:基于叶片弦长的来流雷诺数250000-450000,吹风比0.5-2.5。结果表明,由于气膜孔排位置的不同,其下游冷却效率受来流雷诺数及吹风比影响的变化趋势也有所不同。 相似文献
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介绍了无人驾驶高空侦察机(UAV)的爬升轨迹控制方案原理,对纵向控制回路进行了详细分析,按简单拉力法进行了飞行性能计算,同时还分析了爬升方案曲线与优化性能轨迹的关系,并对爬升轨迹计算和试飞遥测数据进行了比较。经分析计算与试飞结果表明,对于爬升较缓慢的飞机,本控制方案可实现沿优化性能轨迹上升,并自动转入有利速度巡航。 相似文献
44.
机场跑道耐冲磨混凝土的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
针对机场跑道混凝土所处环境、受力特环以及对修补材料的性能要求,提出采用超塑化、膨胀、树脂掺入等复合手段,大幅度改善钢纤维混凝土基质材料的结构性能。通过高效粘结,充分发挥了钢纤维的增韧抗冲击作用,使这种有机无机复合、金属非金属复合的混凝土材料具有优异的抗冲击性和耐磨性。实验结果表明,机场跑道混凝土特别是飞机起降区域板块适合采用SPE-SFRC复合材料。在基础稳定的条件下,基本可在设计使用年限内无须大修,其社会、经济效益巨大。 相似文献
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用正交试验与系列试验相结合的方法,研究了五元素风帆的气动特性及其各参数之间的最佳配合问題。设计的4个五元素风帆,均是由3个固定小翼、2个活动小翼及上下两块制流板所组成,但小翼的形状及分布曲线不同。 通过风洞试验,得到了各个风帆攻角与两个活动小翼转角之间的最佳配合,并对各帆的气动特性作了比较。试验结果表明,在最佳配合状态下,4个帆的升力系数可分别达到2.64、2.87、2.69和2.08,均比常规帆有较大的增长;而且,只要打开活动小翼,就能释放大部分风能,从而保证船舶在大风中的安全,这些帆的结构并不复杂,是具有广泛应用前景的高效帆具。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2020,33(10):2535-2554
Introducing active flow control into the design of flapping wing is an effective way to enhance its aerodynamic performance. In this paper, a novel active flow control technology called Co-Flow Jet (CFJ) is applied to flapping airfoils. The effect of CFJ on aerodynamic performance of flapping airfoils at low Reynolds number is numerically investigated using Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation with Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model. Numerical methods are validated by a NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil case and a S809 pitching airfoil case. Then NACA6415 baseline airfoil and NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil with jet-off and jet-on are simulated in flapping motion, with Reynolds number 70,000 and reduced frequency 0.2. As a result, CFJ airfoils with jet-on generally have better lift and thrust characteristics than baseline airfoils and jet-off airfoil when Cμ is greater than 0.04, which results from the CFJ effect of reducing flow separation by injecting high-energy fluid into boundary layer. Besides, typical kinematic and geometric parameters, including the reduced frequency and the positions of the suction and injection slot, are systematically studied to figure out their influence on aerodynamic performance of the CFJ airfoil. And a variable Cμ jet control strategy is proposed to further improve effective propulsive efficiency. Compared with using constant Cμ, an increase of effective propulsive efficiency by 22.6% has been achieved by using prescribed variable Cμ for NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil at frequency 0.2. This study may provide some guidance to performance enhancement for Flapping wing Micro Air Vehicles (FMAV). 相似文献
49.
An Equilibrium Multi-objective Optimization Model(EMOM) with self-regulated weighting factors has been proposed for the optimum design of non-circular clearance hole on the front flange of turbine disk. In the ‘‘equilibrium design", both the stress decrease around the hole and the least hole's profile variation are considered, which balances two ambivalent design goals. Specific discrete variables are applied to realize the standardization design in the optimization process, in which a Surrogate Genetic Coding Algorithm(SGCA) is introduced, and a special check module is used to get rid of repeated fitness evaluation of the samples. The method offers an equilibrium design for the non-circular clearance hole of the turbine disk with great accuracy and efficiency. 相似文献
50.
《中国航空学报》2020,33(8):2162-2175
The rim seal is used to prevent mainstream ingestion to the gap between the vane of a turbine and its blade. In this article, the dolphin lip with a hook configuration and a large seal cavity with hook structures are designed based on the high-pressure turbine datum single shark lip rim seal configuration. The sealing effect and parameters of the flow field are measured by an experiment method and a numerical simulation is used to explain the mechanism. For three configurations, the effect of the leakage slot vortex on the efficiency of the seal and the influence of leakage vortex, generated by the interaction between purge flow and mainstream flow, are discussed in depth. The result shows that the reverse vortex formed by the dolphin lip rim seal with hook structure will increase the sealing efficiency. The seal configuration with a large cavity improves sealing efficiency to a greater extent than the datum structure. At different purge flow rates and with unequal seal structures, the purge flow produces three types of leakage vortices in the passage. Besides, the seal configuration with dolphin lip produces a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at the interface of the purge and the mainstream flows at a low purge flow rate to induce new leakage vortex branches in the passage of the blade. 相似文献