Ni3Al基IC6高温合金工程应用研究

IC6合金是在"863"计划支持下,由北京航空材料研究院研制成功的一种定向凝固Ni3Al基高温合金.选用该合金试制某新型航空发动机整体定向凝固Ⅱ级导向器叶片.由于该叶片尺寸大、形状复杂,给铸造工艺带来很大难度.经过合理设计浇注系统,实现了定向柱晶从叶身向缘板平滑过渡弯晶生长,有效地消除了叶身和缘板转接处的晶界裂纹,使叶片的毛坯合格率由原来的5%攀升到62%,超过了"863"计划规定的50%的指标.在此基础上,对Ⅱ级导向器叶片的铸造工艺稳定性,真空热处理工艺,叶片表面防护涂层工艺,返回料的应用进行了系统的工程应用研究.该叶片已通过技术鉴定,转入批生产,目前已生产65台叶片,在使用中工作正常,没有出现任何材料质量问题.     

气膜叶片前缘内冲击冷却的共轭传热计算

导出一协变速度动量方程的数学表达式，为避免曲率源项或各附加力项的存在，该协变速度周围邻域内皆取与之平行的速度分量。采用ＳＩＭＰＬＥＲ算法对带有气膜出流的内冲击复合冷却叶片进行了共轭传热计算，揭示了其流动的特征，给出了叶片内外表面的温度分布。     

Using a pressure controlled vortex design method to control secondary flow losses in a turbine stage

A turbine design method based on pressure controlled vortex design （PCVD） is presented to design a small-size turbine stage. Contrary to the conventional controlled vortex design （CVD） method, the main objective of PCVD is to control the axial velocity and radial pressure in the sta- tor rotor gap. Through controlling axial velocity, the PCVD establishes a direct tie to meridional stream surface. Thus stream surface variation is induced, resulting in a large secondary flow vortex covering the full blade passage in the respective stator and rotor. This secondary flow vortex could be dedicated to control the secondary flow mitigation and migration. Through radial pressure, the PCVD is also associated with the macroscopic driving force of fluid motion. So the better benefit of CVD can be achieved. The core concept behind PCVD is to mainly control the spanwise pressure gradient by altering profile loading at various spanwise locations. Therefore not only the local pro- file lift is affected, but also the resulting throat widths, stage reaction degree, and massflow rate are altered or redistributed respectively. With the PCVD method, the global stage efficiency is increased successfully while the mass flow rate keeps constant. Additionally there is no endwall shape optimization, stacking optimization, or pitch/chord variations, concentrating solely on varying blade profile deflections and stagger.     

飞机上偏心衬套的更换方法

飞机接头上的偏心衬套由于磨损或有故障需要更换。本文介绍了偏心村套的更换方法。     

单级轴流大小叶片压气机非定常流场数值研究

通过数值模拟方法对单级轴流大小叶片压气机与常规叶栅压气机的非定常压力场进行分析与对比,结果表明:由于小叶片的分隔效应,使得转子通道的非定常压力和单叶片非定常负荷脉动大大增强,并促进了压力波向上游的传播;但转、静子单元的整体扭矩和轴向力脉动降低;绝对坐标系下转子入口处的压力波动是转子势扰动、动静干扰产生的压力波和此波在周向的不均匀性的综合作用,不同的入口周向位置,压力波的幅值相位存在较大差别,小叶片的存在强化了这种差别.     

高超声速飞行与TBCC方案简介

介绍了TBCC(燃气涡轮发动机为基础的联合(组合)循环)方案,以及以TBCC发动机为动力装置的高超声速攻击机方案。     

预旋进气小尺寸涡轮叶片冷却的流动换热

为了获得一种具有直通式冷气预旋进气系统的小型燃气轮机涡轮叶片的流动与换热特性,采用气热耦合计算方法进行数值研究,分析了总压损失、冷却效果和涡轮效率随预旋角、冷气雷诺数和无量纲质量流量的变化规律。结果表明,涡轮叶片预旋进气冷却的总压损失随冷气雷诺数和无量纲质量流量的增大而增大,但基本不受预旋角大小的影响;涡轮叶片的冷却效果随预旋角的减小、冷气雷诺数或无量纲质量流量的增大而增强,但不会改变其表面的温度分布特征;预旋进气冷却时的涡轮效率随冷气雷诺数的增大、预旋角或无量纲质量流量的减小而提高。     

涡轮冲压组合循环发动机引射过程数值模拟

为了研究气流参数和几何参数对TBCC发动机引射工作过程的影响，基于CFD技术，采用数值求解N-S方程的方法，开展了对TBCC发动机引射工作过程的数值模拟研究。基于TBCC发动机引射过程数值模拟结果的分析，可以发现：随着引射段主流（涡轮发动机排出气流）的进口气流角度增加，总压和马赫数的分布趋于均匀，但是总压损失逐渐增大，因此在TBCC发动机引射段结构设计时，不应使涡轮发动机的排气角度过大。存在一个最小的引射段长度Lmin，当引射段长度小于Lmin。时，随着引射段长度的增加，总压损失显著增大；当引射段长度大于Lmin时，随着引射段长度的增加，总压损失基本不发生变化。     

A physics-based framework for online surface roughness assessment for high-pressure turbines

Surface roughness is a critical health parameter of a turbine blade due to its implications on blade surface heat transfer and structural integrity. This paper proposes a physics-based online framework for Gas Turbine Engines (GTE), in order to assess the blade surface roughness in a high-pressure turbine without engine shutdown. The framework consolidates Gas Path Analysis (GPA) based performance monitoring models and meanline turbomachinery analysis, using a novel GPA-meanline matching process. This extracts meaningful performance deviation trends from GPA, while addressing the uncertainties associated with the measurements and modelling. To relate efficiency loss to surface roughness severity, a meanline-based system-identification process has been developed to establish the meanline representation of the turbine stage, and to incorporate the empirical surface roughness loss correlations. The roughness loss correlations have been evaluated against recent transonic test data in the literature. A modification to the compressibility correction factor has been made according to the evaluation outcome, which improved loss predictions compared to the experimental measurements. The framework was tested on the three-year operational data of a cogeneration GTE, and the results verified the framework's potential for online surface roughness monitoring. The predicted surface roughness showed agreement in both trend and the magnitude-level with the measurements reported in the literature.     

Numerical investigation of the interaction between upstream cavity purge flow and main flow in low aspect ratio turbine cascade

In modern gas turbines, rim seal located between the stator-disc and rotor-disc is used to prevent hot-gas ingestion into the inner stage-gap of high pressure turbine. However, the purge flow supplied to the cavity through the rim seal interacts with the main flow, producing additional aerodynamic loss due to the mixing process which plays a significant role in the formation, development and evolution of downstream secondary flow. In this paper, a set of cascade representative of low aspect ratio turbine is selected to numerically investigate the influence of upstream cavity purge flow on the hub secondary flow structure and aerodynamic loss. Cascade with/without upstream cavity and four different purge mass flow rates are all taken into account in this simulation. Then, a deep insight into the loss mechanism of interaction between purge flow and main flow is gained. The results show that the presence of cavity and purge flow has a significant impact on the main flow which not only changes the vortex structure in both the passage and upstream cavity, but also alters the cascade exit flow angle distribution along the spanwise. Moreover, aerodynamic loss in the cascade rises with the increase of purge flow rate while the sealing effect is also enhanced. Therefore, the effect of upstream cavity purge flow must be considered in the process of turbine aerodynamic design. What is more, it is necessary to minimize the purge flow rate in order to reduce aerodynamic loss on the premise of satisfying cooling requirements.