透平叶片变切削加工工艺数据库设计与开发

透平叶片是透平机械的核心零件之一,因其复杂的曲面造型和低刚度性,被认为是机械加工中的难题.通过Visual Basic编程语言进行叶片切削工艺数据库开发,在功能上实现面向叶片工艺变切削参数智能推荐、相似工艺实例推理和数控加工工序卡片、程序清单的输出,方便企业用户使用,提高工作效率和准确性..     

Numerical analysis for impacts of nozzle end-clearances on aerodynamic performance and forced response in a VNT turbine

It has been well known that nozzle end-clearances in a Variable Nozzle Turbine (VNT) are unfavorable for aerodynamic performance, especially at small openings, and efforts to further decrease size of the clearances are very hard due to thermal expansion. In this paper, both the different sizes of nozzle end-clearances and the various ratios of their distribution at the hub and shroud sides were modelled and investigated by performing 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations with a code of transferring the aerodynamic pressure from the CFD results to the FEA calculations. It was found that increasing the size of the nozzle end-clearances divided equally at the hub and shroud sides deteriorates turbine efficiency and turbine wheel reliability, yet increases turbine flow capacity. And, when the total nozzle end-clearances remain the same, varying nozzle end-clearances’ distribution at the hub and shroud sides not only shifts operation point of a VNT turbine, but also affects the turbine wheel vibration stress. Compared with nozzle hub clearance, the shroud clearance is more sensitive to both aerodynamic performance and reliability of a VNT turbine. Consequently, a possibility is put forward to improve VNT turbine efficiency meanwhile decrease vibration stress by optimizing nozzle end-clearances’ distribution.     

基于Poisson圆盘分布的河流仿真技术

针对目前河流仿真所存在的计算效率低,渲染效果不够真实的问题, 介绍了一种基于物理规律的河流实时仿真的方法.提出了一种Poisson圆盘分布的算法,可实现屏幕空间的优秀的分布样式,该算法产生的分布粒子用于表达河流的速度场,进而重构河流表面; 采用一种纹理精灵的技术,通过纹理的动态访问和纹理混合,有效地实现河流表面的渲染.仿真实验证明:该方法可以产生渲染效果非常逼真的河流视景,并能够满足实时仿真的要求.     

Effect of inlet rotating swirl on endwall film cooling for two representative hole arrangements

The swirl generator is widely used in lean-burn combustor to guarantee flame stability and reduce NO_x emissions. Thus, the non-uniformities induced by the swirler would affect and damage film-cooling effectiveness on the turbine components, even blow-off coolant coverage, to some certain extent. The arrangement of film-cooling holes was normally designed to be perpendicular to the axial direction and in standard straight row. In this work we experimentally studied the effects of inlet swirl and mass flow ratio on traditional film cooling holes arrangement and a new arrangement pattern whose holes are located along the isobars. Results indicated that the swirl perturbation would damage film coverage. The film-cooling effect of endwall on which the holes are along the isobars, is invariably more promising than that of endwall on which hole arrangement is perpendicular to axial with the same mass flow of coolant, whether the inlet conditions is uniform or not.     

Progress in the Study of Galaxies: Structures,Collective Phenomena and Methods

The review contains the important achievements in dynamics of the galactic disks. Among them there are I. New structures discovered recently: • giant vortices (including giant anticyclone in the Solar vicinity); • slow bar; • inner oscillating structure within spiral arms similar that of enveloped soliton; • chaotic streamlines in the velocity field of the gaseous disk of a real galaxy. II. New collective phenomina discovered recently: • new overreflection instability initiating ‘mini-spiral’ in the innermost central parsec of Galaxy; • large-scale convection caused by nonlinear interaction of density wave with disk gas; • non-kolmogorovian spectrum of weak turbulence corresponding to the observed one in the • Solar vicinity. III. New methods worked out recently: • reconstruction of full three-dimensional vector field of gas velocity from the observed line-of- • sight velocity field; • observational test for verification of the wave-nature of the spiral arms; • observational test to distinguish two types of vertical motions: warp and z-motions in the • density wave; • derivation of correct system of two-dimensional dynamical equations from the initial three- • dimensional one. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

涡轮的重复进气道的试验研究

用小型涡轮取代蓄电池和高压气瓶作为导弹上的辅助能源是明显地发展趋势.重复进气涡轮能较好地适应这种辅助能源系统的要求.本文研究了涡轮的不同形状的重复进气道,及其与喷嘴的匹配,不同的喷嘴出口角、流速等因素对损失的影响,给出了在所研究的条件下最佳形状的重复进气道、喷嘴和重复进气道的最佳匹配.     

冲击粗糙肋壁面换热准则关系式的建立

模拟高性能航空发动机涡轮叶片弦中区冷却结构，建立冲击粗糙复合冷却实验模型，通过对大量实验数据的分析和整理，建立了换热准则关系式。与实验结果对比表明：该准则关系式与实验实测数据吻合较好，精度较高，对于冲击粗糙肋壁面复合冷却技术的研究和工程结构设计都具有一定的指导价值。     

涡轮叶片疲劳寿命公式及可靠性预测方法

本文推导了液体火箭发动机涡轮叶片疲劳寿命公式,并用概率统计、断裂力学方法,分析了可靠性预测方法.     

二次启动前火箭发动机泵构件温度特性数值计算

用数值计算的方法研究了液体火箭发动机在二次启动前，发动机泵系统各构件的温度特性和泵腔含汽率。建立了基于集总参数法的发动机启动前排放过程中涡轮、泵及进口管的温度变化计算模型。排放冷却过程中冷却剂N2O4的单相强制对流换热系数用Dittus-Boelter公式计算，流动沸腾换热系数采用Shan M M强化模型。并对某液体火箭发动机二次启动前排放过程涡轮泵系统各构件温度变化和泵腔含汽率进行了计算，模型计算结果与试车数据吻合良好，研究结果表明，二次启动前的主动排放过程对泵壳体及进口管的冷却效果很好。     

影响液体火箭发动机涡轮效率的某些因素分析

分析了液体火箭发动机中所用涡轮的各种损失因素,并建立了相应的数学模型,给出了计算方法。对于喷嘴中的二相流损失,采用龙格-库塔法求解一维定常全耦合的二相流控制方程。用迭代的方法进行冲击式涡轮及有小反力度的涡轮的设计计算,以使设计出的涡轮参数与效率相统一。通过对计算路径的控制,使得本方法和程序能同时用于冲击式涡轮及有小反力度的涡轮的设计计算;在计算结果中,还着重对二相流损失对涡轮效率的影响进行了分析。