开槽尾流板对跨声速涡轮平面叶栅流场影响的实验

采用数值计算和实验相结合的方式研究了开槽尾流板对跨声速涡轮平面叶栅流场周期性的影响。通过数值计算研究了不同开孔率（10%、15%、30%、50%）和偏转角度（70°、71°、72°）下尾流板对叶片表面及叶栅流道出口压力分布的影响,并通过实验验证了尾流板对流道出口流场周期性的改善作用。结果表明:无尾流板时叶片表面压力分布明显偏离周期性计算结果,且流道出口压力分布的周期性误差较大;尾流板偏转角度和开孔率会影响叶片表面及叶栅流道出口的压力分布,适当调节尾流板参数能改善流场周期性;安装开孔率为50%,偏转角度为70°的尾流板时各流道出口的压力分布一致性最好且最接近周期性计算结果,计算和实验结果的周期性误差较无尾流板时分别降低47.6%和28.1%。      

基于NURBS的扩压叶栅非对称前缘设计

前缘对扩压叶栅叶型气动性能具有重要影响,圆弧形或椭圆形前缘吸力面和压力面侧为对称形状,未针对两侧流动差异进行不同设计。为进一步提升扩压叶栅气动性能,发展了一种基于三次非均匀有理B样条(non-uniform rational B-splines,NURBS)曲线的非对称前缘设计方法,在保证曲率连续的前提下,实现吸、压力面两侧非对称的前缘构造。将设计方法应用于两圆弧形前缘叶型改型设计,数值结果表明:与原始叶型相比,总压损失系数可分别降低26.3%和23.5%,提高了整体气动性能;同时与对称曲率连续前缘相比,在51.83°进口气流角下吸力峰强度降低13.4%,前缘转捩位置推后4.6%弦长,在大进口气流角下具有更好的气动性能。      

大弯角扩压叶栅吸力面全域压力分布的PSP实验

基于自行组建的PSP(pressure sensitive paint)测量系统,采用中国科学院化学研究所PSP,实验测量了来流马赫数分别为0.4和0.5时大弯角扩压叶栅叶片吸力面全域压力分布,并与传统测压技术所得结果进行了比较.研究结果表明:①采用PSP技术测量可以获得叶片表面全域的连续压力分布,具有空间分布率高、定量测量的特点;②叶片中部PSP测量压力值与压力扫描阀结果吻合得非常好,但受到叶片吸力面曲率的影响,叶片前缘与尾缘附近的误差较大,最大误差为4.48%;③随着来流速度的提高,PSP与压力扫描阀之间的误差逐渐减小.      

Numerical simulation of broken pin effects on the flow field and cooling performance of a double-wall cooling configuration

In this paper, the flow characteristics of the double wall structure are presented and the effect of the broken pin size on the cooling performance and flow field of the double wall configuration is investigated. A periodic plate model with seven units is adopted, and there are an impingement hole and a film hole in each unit. Under five blowing ratios, six different sizes of the broken pin are compared, and the double wall configuration without broken pins is taken as the baseline. The results show that if the broken pins height is too small, the cooling effectiveness usually cannot be improved. With the presence of broken pins with a height of more than 0.4, the effectiveness is improved due to the enhancement of reattachment and recirculation of coolant. With the increase of the broken pin height, the cooling effectiveness increases. However, the increase of the diameter does not always improve the cooling performance, since the limiting effect of the wall jet. In this study, Case 6 with the largest broken pin always has the best cooling performance, but also the largest flow resistance. In Case 6 temperature is reduced by almost 15 K compared to the baseline, and more areas have relatively higher cooling effectiveness.     

Application of Tandem Cascade to Design of Fan Stator with Supersonic Inflow

This article proposes a tandem cascade constructed to tackle the thorny problem of designing the high-loaded stator with a supersonic inflow and a large turning angle.The front cascade adopts a supersonic profile to reduce the shock wave intensity turning the flow into subsonic,while the rear cascade adopts a subsonic profile with a large camber offering the flow a large turning angle.It is disclosed that the losses would be minimized if the leading edge of the rear cascade lies close to the pressure side of the front cascade at a distance of 20% pitch in pitch-wise direction without either axial spacing or overlapping in axial direction.The 2D numerical test results show that,with the inflow Mach number of 1.25 and the turning angle of 52°,the total pressure loss coefficient of the tandem cascade reaches 0.106,and the diffusion factor 0.745.Finally,this article has designed and simulated a high-loaded fan stage with the proposed tandem stator,which has the pressure ratio of 3.15 and the efficiency of 86.32% at the rotor tip speed of 495.32m/s.     

Effects of Boundary Layer Suction on Aerodynamic Performance in a High-load Compressor Cascade

This article is aimed to experimentally validate the beneficial effects of boundary layer suction on improving the aerodynamic performance of a compressor cascade with a large camber angle. The flow field of the cascade is measured and the ink-trace flow visualization is also presented. The experimental results show that the boundary layer suction reduces losses near the area of midspan in the cascade most effectively for all suction cases under test. Losses of the endwall could remarkably decrease only when the suction is at the position where the boundary layer has separated but still not departed far away from the blade surface. It is evidenced that the higher suction flow rate and the suction position closer to the trailing edge result in greater reduction in losses and the maximum reduction in the total pressure loss accounts to 16.5% for all cases. The suction position plays a greater role in affecting the total pressure loss than the suction flow rate does.     

叶轮机械颤振稳定性工程预测方法在跨音风扇中的进一步探讨

通过求解雷诺平均NS方程并采用影响系数法,对三个基本正交模态的三维振荡跨音风扇叶片绕流问题进行了研究,并基于刚体运动假设和模态叠加法,得到了可用于叶轮机械设计阶段颤振稳定性评估的稳定性参数图。结果表明,跨音风扇内部,激波对非定常气动力的分布具有主导作用;通过对稳定性参数图的分析表明,在一定情况下振型对颤振稳定性有重要影响,应将其作为颤振稳定性设计的重要参数之一;跨音风扇和亚音低压涡轮的稳定性参数图对比分析表明,二者稳定性参数分布形式具有相似性。     

气膜孔结构对涡轮导叶端壁冷却效率的影响研究

对涡轮叶栅端壁上游4种气膜冷却结构模型进行了数值模拟,得出在不同吹风比情况下涡轮叶栅端壁的流动与换热特性。结果表明,无槽气膜孔冷气射流在孔下游与主流相互作用形成1对转动方向相反的耦合涡,主流被卷入耦合涡并冲击到了端壁,使得孔间壁温接近主流温度,气膜冷却效率很低;带槽气膜孔抑制了耦合涡的形成,冷却了孔间端壁,气膜冷却效率较高,而且,随着槽深度的增加,冷气的展向(Y向)宽度逐渐增加,扩大了冷气覆盖区域,提高了端壁气膜冷却效率。     

叶轮机械颤振稳定性工程预测方法在跨声风扇中的进一步探讨

通过求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程并采用影响系数法,对三个基本正交模态的三维振荡跨声风扇叶片绕流问题进行了研究,基于刚体运动假设和模态叠加法,得到了可用于叶轮机械设计阶段颤振稳定性评估的稳定性参数图.结果表明,跨声风扇内部,激波对非定常气动力的分布具有主导作用;在一定情况下振型对颤振稳定性有重要影响,应将其作为颤振稳定性设计的重要参数之一;跨声风扇和亚声低压涡轮的稳定性参数图对比分析表明,两者稳定性参数分布形式具有相似性.      

旋转条件下带出流孔的受限空间内冲击换热

以旋转涡轮叶片内部冷却为背景,在旋转条件下对带出流孔的受限空间内冲击换热特性进行了实验研究。在冲击与旋转方向、相反两种情况下,通过改变冲击雷诺数Rej(5 000~10 000)、旋转数Ro(0~0.003 4)、无因次温比(Tw-Tf)/Tw(0.056~0.134)对冲击靶面的平均换热特性进行了研究。研究发现,靶面的换热随冲击雷诺数的增加而变好;旋转对冲击换热的削弱在雷诺数较大时表现更明显;实验参数范围内浮升力对换热的影响较小;离心力、哥氏力等对换热的影响程度与内部空气的流动结构及出流方式有关。