Analytical long-term evolution and perturbation compensation models for BeiDou MEO satellites

The current paper establishes the analytical models of the long-term evolution and perturbation compensation strategy for Medium Earth Orbits(MEO)shallow-resonant navigation constellation,with application to the Chinese Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System(BDS).The long-term perturbation model for the relative motion is developed based on the Hamiltonian model,and the long-term evolution law is analyzed.The relationship between the control boundary of the constellation and the offset of the orbital elements is analyzed,and a general analytical method for calculating the offset of the orbit elements is proposed.The analytical model is further improved when the luni-solar perturbations are included.The long-term evolutions of the BDS MEO constellation within 10 years are illustrated,and the effectiveness of the proposed analytical perturbation compensation calculation approach is compared with the traditional numerical results.We found the fundamental reason for the nonlinear variations of the relative longitude of ascending node and the mean argument of latitude is the long-periodic variations of the orbital inclination due to the luni-solar perturbations.The proposed analytical approach can avoid the numerical iterations,and reveal the essential relationship between the orbital element offsets and the secular drifts of the constellation configuration.Moreover,there is no need for maintaining the BDS MEO constellation within 10 years while using the perturbation compensation method.     

共因失效条件下多状态系统选择性维修优化

共因失效（CCF）广泛存在于多状态系统（MSS）中,研究共因失效条件下多状态系统的维修优化问题,对于提高系统任务成功概率、降低故障损失具有重要意义。考虑多状态系统、任务剖面和随机共因失效的模糊特性,采用模糊马尔可夫模型（FMM）和模糊通用生成函数（FUGF）法,建立了模糊随机共因失效条件下模糊多状态系统（FMSS）任务成功概率评估解析模型（AM）,采用Monte Carlo仿真（MCS）方法对模型进行了验证;考虑维修费用约束,建立了模糊随机共因失效条件下模糊多状态系统选择性维修优化模型,为生成最优维修方案提供支持,结合实际案例,分析了随机共因失效对选择性维修优化和系统各状态的模糊概率的影响,验证了模型的有效性。研究结果表明,模糊随机共因失效和各模糊参数的α水平截集可能会影响选择性维修优化的结果,且忽略模糊随机共因失效会高估系统任务成功概率。     

RCS对舵面控制特性影响的数值模拟

可重复使用运载器等采用反作用控制系统（RCS）/舵面复合控制技术进行配平和控制,由于舵面和喷口的位置相距很近,同时工作时将产生相互干扰效应。采用非定常数值模拟方法,结合动网格技术和喷流模拟技术,针对可重复使用运载器外形开展了侧向喷流开启和关闭对舵面控制特性的影响研究,分析了飞行器俯仰运动对不同舵面操纵方式的动态响应过程。研究发现,在超声速来流条件下,侧向喷口前方的弓形激波会打到方向升降舵的下表面产生一个局部高压区,使得飞行器产生附加的低头力矩,导致喷流开启时的配平攻角相对关闭时要低约1°。同时,侧向喷流与襟副翼之间存在非定常、非线性干扰现象,在RCS/舵面复合控制系统设计时,需要对此进行一定的补偿。     

北斗卫星导航系统空间信号用户测距误差计算方法研究

按照空间信号用户测距误差（UserRangeError,URE）定义,参考GPS标准定位服务性能规范中URE的计算方法,结合北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）多星混合星座类型,在考虑仰角限制情况下,详细推导了适用于BDS的瞬时URE和均方根URE计算公式。利用广播星历和精密星历计算的卫星轨道误差和卫星钟钟差,带入所推导的公式,对BDSURE进行分析评估;并使用GNSS接收机原始观测量和伪距观测方程计算BDSURE,最后将两种计算结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明,两种方法BDSURE的计算结果基本一致,在95%置信度情况下均小于2.5m,满足北斗公开服务性能规范中对空间信号URE的基本要求。     

无线电外弹道测量设备轴系误差修正方法改进

对无线电外弹道测量设备轴系误差的性质进行分析,论述了传统轴系误差修正方法的缺点,采用坐标系转换的原理,推出了一种轴系误差的精确修正方法。对各种误差项进行分离,将传统的轴系误差修正方法改进为实时快速修正方法,并利用实际标定的误差数据,仿真计算不同修正方法的修正效果,验证了轴系误差精确修正方法的正确性,验证了实时快速修正方法的正确性和快速性。     

半开式富氧补燃混合循环发动机方案研究

针对未来航天主发动机的应用需求,提出了一种燃料供应系统采用开式循环、氧化剂供应系统采用分级燃烧闭式循环的半开式富氧补燃混合循环发动机系统方案,综合分析了这种新型混合循环发动机所能达到的比冲性能,对比分析了新型混合循环发动机作为可重复使用航天运载器主发动机相比于开式循环和常规补燃循环、全流量补燃循环发动机的优缺点,针对推...     

天琴一号卫星加速度模式无拖曳控制

结合卫星加速度模式无拖曳控制系统一般组成、各环节典型模型、常见控制器及天琴一号空间惯性基准建立试验卫星的采样周期与控制周期,着眼于工程实际问题的挖掘与解决,重点阐述了该卫星CIC滤波器组频响特性等效、加速度模式无拖曳控制系统稳定裕度及残余加速度指标分析与综合等技术内容。研究表明,多周期离散系统真实稳定裕度难于准确预测;积分系数是决定PSD指标的关键参数;抗混淆滤波器是提升时域残余加速度指标的关键环节,且有利于抑制高频数据在PSD低中频段的高频折叠;在未引入抗混淆滤波器的情形下,频域指标统计应以进入控制器的残余加速度数据为准。在轨飞行试验结果与仿真结果基本吻合。     

Novel attitude determination method by integration of electronic level meter,INS, and low-cost turntable for level attitude evaluation and calibration of INS

Attitude references are greatly needed for the evaluation and calibration of Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs), which are widely used in gravimeter, marine, and aeronautical navigation. High-accuracy turntable, INS, and Global Navigation Satellite System have been utilized to verify the performance of relatively low-accuracy INS. The accuracy requirement of the attitude reference continuously increases with the rapid improvement of inertial sensors and navigation algorithms. However, the cost of attitude determination system increases rapidly with the increase of attitude accuracy requirement. To solve this limitation, the integration of level meter, INS, and low-cost turntable is proposed to provide level attitude, such as roll and pitch. The turntable is utilized to rotate the INS. An integration model of the level meter and INS is built to estimate the level attitude and reduce the cost of the turntable. The proposed method successfully avoids the dependence on high-accuracy turntables. An observability degree analysis is conducted to improve the level attitude accuracy further. The simulation and turntable test results indicate that the proposed method can provide high-accuracy level attitude without high-accuracy INS or turntable and is applicable to error calibration and attitude evaluation of INS.     

Real-time modular dynamic modeling for compression system of altitude ground test facilities

Modeling of a centrifugal compressor is of great significance to surge characteristics and fluid dynamics in the Altitude Ground Test Facilities (AGTF). Real-time Modular Dynamic System Greitzer (MDSG) modeling for dynamic response and simulation of the compression system is introduced. The centrifugal compressor, pipeline network, and valve are divided into pressure output type and mass flow output type for module modeling, and the two types of components alternate when the system is established. The pressure loss and thermodynamics of the system are considered. An air supply compression system of AGTF is modeled and simulated by the MDSG model. The simulation results of mass flow, pressure, and temperature are compared with the experimental results, and the error is less than 5%, which demonstrates the reliability, practicability, and universality of the MDSG model.     

基于北斗空时信息的安全通信方法

随着5G大规模商用和6G研发的启动,天地一体已成为未来移动通信发展的共识,然而空口边界被无限扩大,使无线通信安全面临着前所未有的严峻挑战,我国北斗三号卫星导航系统的全球位置信息服务为安全通信与定位导航的学科交叉提供了可能。提出了一种利用用户空时信息进行加密的安全通信方法,该方法是一种利用位置和时间唯一性的加密技术,通过北斗卫星导航系统的定位授时服务获取用户的空时信息,基于短报文业务实现信息共享,在传统加密算法的基础上提供额外安全层。该方法在密钥生成阶段提出了一种基于MD5信息摘要结合Logistic混沌映射的密钥生成算法(MD5-Logistic),使加密过程随位置变化而动态更新。仿真结果表明,该算法生成的密钥具有较高随机性,且有效降低了生成密文与明文间的相关性。在此基础上,为提升对定位误差的容忍能力,引入容忍距离概念,将解密范围从一点扩大为一个区域,使系统的鲁棒性及实用性得到显著提升。最后通过实测得到通信成功率与容忍距离间的关系,并给出合适的容忍距离。