气动参数对前缘气膜冷却效率影响的实验

针对叶片前缘结构特点,建立了前缘气膜冷却实验台,实验模型由带气膜孔的半圆柱面和平板组成.密度比为1和1.5,动量比变化范围为0.5～4,湍流度为0.4%和8%.结果表明,随着动量比的增加,冷却效率减小.在低动量比下,湍流度的提高使径向平均冷却效率降低.随着动量比的增加,湍流度对径向平均冷却效率的影响减弱.低动量比下,密度比的增加使径向平均冷却效率减小;高动量比下,密度比的增加使径向平均冷却效率增大.      

高速飞机发动机舱进气冷却快速设计方法

针对高速飞机发动机舱冲压进气冷却问题,提出了一种快速设计方法。具体介绍了该方法下的模型简化策略、边界条件约束、热平衡方程等,并针对高速飞机发动机舱冷却需求,完成了典型飞行状态下的方案快速设计,以及其他状态点下的冷却能力校验。同时,以方案快速设计结果为输入,通过发动机舱冷却三维仿真,得到了舱内温度分布情况,该结果能较好满足发动机舱冷却快速设计需求,说明该发动机舱冷却快速设计方法的可行性。     

机载制冷系统瞬态工况超温抑制设计与试验

为了抑制机载制冷系统在瞬态工况下的超温现象,保护敏感机载设备,采用可变架构配合控制策略,实现瞬态升温工况下的架构快速重构,抑制系统超温现象,对抑制前后系统的瞬态超温性能进行了计算对比,计算结果显示出超温抑制设计的有效性,并探索新型试验方案,对实物超温抑制能力进行试验验证。结果表明：采用架构快速重构的方法可以显著抑制机载制冷系统在瞬态工况下的超温现象,保护敏感机载设备,同时提出了一种机载设备超温抑制能力验证和试验技术。     

扇形叶栅通道中密度比和流量比对叶片表面全气膜冷却特性的影响

为了研究扇形通道中真实三维弯扭导向叶片全气膜冷却特性,本文采用压敏漆(PSP)测试技术实验测量了叶片全气膜冷却效率,获得了不同密度比(1、1.5)和质量流量比(9.71%、11.64%、12.47%)对叶片全气膜冷却效率的影响规律,结果表明：低密度比条件下,随着出流比增加,叶片压力面侧气膜冷却效率逐渐增加,叶片吸力面侧靠近前缘区域气膜孔下游的冷却效率减小；密度比增加可以使叶片整体气膜冷却效率提高,其中压力面前侧靠近前缘区域的冷却效率提高最为明显,最多提高了182%；高密度比条件下,增加出流比仅会使得压力面侧-0.8< S/C <0气膜冷却效率小幅度增加。     

Experimental investigation on operating behaviors of loop heat pipe with thermoelectric cooler under acceleration conditions

An experimental study was carried out in this article to investigate the transient operating performance of a Dual Compensation Chamber Loop Heat Pipe (DCCLHP) with Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) under acceleration conditions and ammonia was selected as the working fluid. For the purpose of comparison, experimental work was conducted under terrestrial gravity. Sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the effect of several control parameters such as the heat load, acceleration magnitude and TEC assist on the startup and operating performance of the DCCLHP. Experimental results indicate that the DCCLHP can get to a steady-state operation when the heat load changes from 25 W to 300 W under terrestrial gravity. While under acceleration conditions, the DCCLHP can work at a high operating temperature or even fail to operate, which shows the acceleration effect plays a significant impact on the loop operation. The TEC assist with power of 10 W can improve the operating performance and reduce the operating temperature for the case of small heat load and acceleration magnitude. When the acceleration exceeds 3g at large heat load, the effect of TEC assist on the operation at large heat load can be ignored.     

Damage localization effects of the regeneratively-cooled thrust chamber wall in LOX/methane rocket engines

To investigate the damage localization effects of the thrust chamber wall caused by combustions in LOX/methane rocket engines, a fluid-structural coupling computational methodology with a multi-channel model is developed to obtain 3-demensioanl thermal and structural responses. Heat and mechanical loads are calculated by a validated finite volume fluid-thermal coupling numerical method considering non-premixed combustion processes of propellants. The methodology is subsequently performed on an LOX/methane thrust chamber under cyclic operation. Results show that the heat loads of the thrust chamber wall are apparently non-uniform in the circumferential direction. There are noticeable disparities between different cooling channels in terms of temperature and strain distributions at the end of the hot run phase, which in turn leads to different temperature ranges, strain ranges, and residual strains during one cycle. With the work cycle proceeding, the circumferential localization effect of the residual strain would be significantly enhanced. A post-processing damage analysis reveals that the low-cycle fatigue damage accumulated in each cycle is almost unchanged, while the quasi static damage accumulated in a considered cycle declines until stabilized after several cycles. The maximum discrepancy of the predicted lives between different cooling channels is about 30%.     

旋转蛇形通道内换热的非稳态实验

在旋转状态下,研究了涡轮内冷蛇形通道的非稳态换热特性.实验主要针对旋转状态下,通道内流量的变化和系统旋转速度的变化来进行的.结果表明:对于旋转通道的非稳态过程,换热系数的变化呈波动变化过程,且主要发生在实验参数变化的阶段.加速旋转时,角加速度力的作用会加强进气通道前缘面的换热,而降低后缘面的;减速旋转时,情况相反.而且,角加速度力的作用效果容易在旋转开始变化的时刻显现.当旋转速度在2个值之间往复时,换热系数变化呈现滞后环状,旋转速度越高滞后环越大.     

转子叶片径向受限的“冲击-气膜出流”冷却结构流动与换热

为揭示转子叶片径向受限的"冲击-气膜出流"冷却结构流动换热规律,以某型双层壁叶片肋化分割形成的冷却单元为研究对象,通过数值模拟的方式,对冲击雷诺数Rej,旋转数Ro,无因次温比(Tw-Tf)/Tw等参数变化下流场和换热特性变化规律展开研究。结果表明:在哥氏力和离心力作用下,受限空间内存在射流偏转、径向二次流动以及二次冲击等现象;流动的径向受限可抑制射流偏转,强化冲击换热;相同的旋转数Ro下,逆转向冲击(叶背区)换热努赛尔数Nu比顺转向冲击(叶盆区)高8%。在研究的参数范围内,数值模拟和试验结果说明径向受限周向出流结构能有效的抑制旋转对换热的削弱。     

跨声速涡轮静子端壁气膜冷却数值研究

对跨声速涡轮静子端壁气膜冷却进行了数值研究。研究发现涡轮静子端壁存在几个强换热区域：叶片前缘马蹄涡及前缘马蹄涡区域、吸力面马蹄涡分支覆盖区域、通道中靠近压力面侧和尾缘附近及尾缘后区域。针对端壁区域复杂的换热分布,设计了1种新型端壁全气膜冷却布置。通过数值研究对比了在不同进口吹风比情况下的壁面Nu、壁面气膜冷却效果和壁面热负荷。结果表明：存在最佳的进口吹风比,即在前缘Minlet=1.0时,尾缘Minlet=4.0时,端壁区域冷却效果最好。     

出口-入口面积比对收缩扩张形孔气膜冷却特性影响的机理研究

本文选取Realizable k-ε湍流模型和增强壁面函数,采用数值模拟研究了两种出口-入口面积比不同的收缩扩张形孔的气膜冷却机理.结果表明:出口-入口面积比AR变化对收缩扩张形孔气膜冷却的流场、温度场结构特点没有本质的影响,因此对冷却效率和换热系数的分布规律都没有明显影响;但AR变化对收缩扩张形孔的冷却效率和换热系数...