Calculation of the transonic dip of airfoils using viscous-inviscid aerodynamic interaction method

A numerical procedure for the calculation of the transonic dip of airfoils in the time domain is presented. A viscous-inviscid aerodynamic interaction method is taken to calculate the unsteady aerodynamic loads. In the present case the integral boundary layer equations are coupled with the Transonic Small Disturbance (TSD) Potential Equation. The coupling between structural motion and aerodynamic loads is carried out using State Space equation. It is solved by State Transition Matrix technique. Results are presented for NACA 64A010 and NLR 7301 airfoils with structural data from Isogai and DLR, respectively. Comparisons show good agreement with other numerical results. Certain deviations of experimental data taken from literature need more insight in the detailed test conditions.     

跨音速小扰动方程的多重解

本文利用Engquist-Osher格式,离散跨音速小扰动方程(TSD)和边界条件,选择不同初场计算NACA0012翼型二维定常位势流场,得到了与试验值较符合的结果,同时用Murman-Cole非守恒和守恒两格式计算并进行了比较。着重用数值实验进一步探讨多重解问题,发现并总结出了几点很有参考价值的规律和现象。     

喷管流场数值仿真CFD／Nozzle软件包设计

ＣＦＤ／Ｎｏｚｚｌｅ软件包是一套专门的二维轴对称跨音速喷管流场计算机辅助设计分析工具。它采用高度集成化的操作环境，将网格生成、数值计算、图形显示全部过程集于一体。具有西文环境下的全中文用户界面，操作环境同时提供详尽的彩色图文方式下的中文提示。数值方法稳健，兼具源程序开放与编译连接自动化特点。叙述了ＣＦＤ／Ｎｏｚｚｌｅ软件包设计思想和实现方式，并给出了流场计算、参数分析、功能扩充几方面的应用实例。     

Transonic buffet control research with two types of shock control bump based on RAE2822 airfoil

Current research shows that the traditional shock control bump (SCB) can weaken the intensity of shock and better the transonic buffet performance.The author finds that when SCB is placed downstream of the shock,it can decrease the adverse pressure gradient.This may prevent the shock foot separation bubble to merge with the trailing edge separation and finally improve the buffet performance.Based on RAE2822 airfoil,two types of SCB are designed according to the two different mechanisms.By using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) methods to analyze the properties of RAE2822 airfoil with and without SCB,the results show that the downstream SCB can better the buffet performance under a wide range of freestream Mach number and the steady aerodynamics characteristic is similar to that of RAE2822 airfoil.The traditional SCB can only weaken the intensity of the shock under the design condition.Under the off-design conditions,the SCB does not do much to or even worsen the buffet performance.Indeed,the use of backward bump can flatten the leeward side of the airfoil,and this is similar to the mechanism that supercritical airfoil can weaken the recompression of shock wave.     

Effect of blade tip winglet on the performance of a highly loaded transonic compressor rotor

The tip leakage flow has an important influence on the performance of transonic com-pressor. Blade tip winglet has been proved to be an effective method to control the tip leakage flow in compressor, while the physical mechanisms of blade tip winglet have been poorly understood. A numerical study for a highly loaded transonic compressor rotor has been conducted to understand the effect of varying the location of blade tip winglet on the performance of the rotor. Two kinds of tip winglet were designed and investigated. The effects of blade tip winglet on the compressor over-all performance, stability and tip flow structure were presented and discussed. It is found that the interaction of the tip winglet with the flow in the tip region is different when the winglet is located at suction-side or pressure-side of the blade tip. Results indicate that the suction-side winglet (SW) is ineffective to improve the performance of compressor rotor. In addition, a significant stall range extension equivalent to 33.74% with a very small penalty in efficiency can be obtained by the pressure-side winglet (PW). An attempt has been made to explain the fundamental mechanisms of blade tip winglet in detail.     

Alford力和滚动轴承对轴流压缩机转子系统动力特性和稳定性的影响

 研究叶尖气隙和滚动轴承共同作用下轴流压缩机的非线性动力特性及稳定性。采用有限元法和非线性滚动轴承模型,建立压缩机转子系统动力学模型,其中转子旋转时非均匀分布叶尖气隙引起的气动失稳力(即Alford力)根据已有实验数据和计算模型求得。通过计算分析发现叶尖气隙和滚动轴承分别激起系统的反进动和正进动共振频率,其共同作用造成压缩机转子系统的失稳,很好地解释了已有实验中出现的失稳现象。表明滚动轴承反力和Alford力的共同作用对压缩机转子系统的动力性能和稳定性有显著影响。     

基于S1,S2流面理论的液体火箭发动机涡轮内部流场计算

应用S1,S2流面理论对某大型液氢/液氧火箭发动机涡轮泵的两级轴流式涡轮内部跨声速流场进行计算和分析。流面的求解采用流线曲率法。将混合平面法的思想用于流线曲率法的求解过程中,对动、静叶排之间的相互干扰进行处理,将复杂的非定常问题简化为定常问题,从而简化计算。粘性的影响通过几种损失系数进行修正。计算结果较好地描述了涡轮内部的流动情况,为进一步完善涡轮设计、提高涡轮性能提供了理论依据。     

流线曲率法在多级跨声速轴流压气机特性预测中的应用

为研究多级跨声速压气机的分析问题,以通流理论为基础,采用了一系列适用于跨声速压气机的攻角、落后角和损失等经验模型,发展了一套基于流线曲率法的通流计算程序来预测跨声速压气机流场及其工作特性。为提高经验模型的预测精度,考虑到真实压气机中复杂的三维流动效应,针对部分早期模型进行了合理改进,包括改进了落后角模型使其适用于更大弯度范围叶型,以及采用一种更为合理的可变结构激波损失预测模型。针对两台跨声速压气机算例进行了计算校验,并将校验结果与实验值和三维数值计算进行对比。对比表明,设计工况下总压比最大计算误差为4.1%,效率误差为1.1%,在非设计工况特性预测和展向流场参数计算中也能得到和实验值相符的变化趋势,该通流计算方法可为现代跨声速轴流多级压气机特性分析提供具有参考价值的预测结果。     

应用傅里叶时间谱方法求解二维跨音速流动问题解的精度研究

为了从时间离散精度的角度评估傅里叶时间谱方法的实际计算效率,对用该方法求解二维跨音速流动问题的解进行了精度研究。通过求解Euler方程模拟俯仰振动NACA0012翼型的周期性非定常流动。结果表明:傅里叶时间谱方法可以使用很大的时间间隔较为准确地模拟有激波存在的周期性跨音速流动;对于此类流动问题,相比二阶向后差分公式法,傅里叶时间谱方法在预测翼型表面压力系数积分量特别是升力系数的时间变化规律方面具有明显的计算效率优势;用于模拟翼型表面压力系数自身的时间变化规律时,傅里叶时间谱方法具有不低于二阶向后差分公式法的计算效率。     

压气机叶片外物损伤模拟的撞击能量当量法

在分析外物与叶片间的运动态势后,提出压气机叶片外物员伤模拟的撞击能当量法,即使得摆锤的势能与外物摘击叶片时可能达到的功能相等。据此,设计并制作了摆锤装置,并实验观察到钛制压气机叶片损伤形态与撞击能量间的变化关系,即随着撞击能量的增加,损伤形态产生的顺序为,压痕→突缘→裂纹→突缘呈４５°剪切破坏,这与外场收集到的叶片的前缘损伤形态一致,同时,采用了ＴＣ４压气机叶片进行了相应的高周疲劳试验,验证了方法