Statistical characteristics of spray autoignition of transient kerosene jet in cross flow

To study statistical characteristics of the random spray autoignition, aviation kerosene was injected transiently into non-vitiated air crossflow in a flow reactor with optical accesses. The operating conditions were relevant to gas turbine combustor: the air crossflow pressure and temperature were in the range of 1.4–1.7 MPa and 830–947 K, respectively, and the jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratios were 20, 50 and 80. Statistical distributions of random ignition delay times with adequate convergence were estimated based on histograms. The dependences of the distributions on reactor pressure, temperature, and jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratio were studied. The results show that the resulting distributions appear more concentrated with the increase of air temperature or jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratio. And then the correlations for the mean and standard deviation of the ignition delay time sample data were developed based on the present results. Compared with the correlations of ignition delay time of homogeneous premixed gas-phase kerosene/air mixture reported in the literature, the results show a greater significance pressure dependence and lower temperature sensitivity of the ignition delay time of non-premixed kerosene spray.     

考虑液体晃动效应的运载火箭等效转动惯量对姿控系统稳定裕度的影响

基于某型火箭,分析了考虑液体晃动后的全箭等效转动惯量变化,同时仿真了对姿控系统设计结果的影响,给出了姿控系统相关裕度的变化。结果表明:液体晃动的等效效应对一级转动惯量Jz的影响较小,对二级转动惯量Jz的影响较大;等效转动惯量对二级高频稳定裕度基本不产生影响,而系统的中、低频稳定裕度均有一定程度的下降。     

非预混喷注对旋转爆震发动机影响的数值研究

为了研究真实情况下非预混喷注对旋转爆震发动机工作过程的影响,采用氢氧7组分8步化学反应的基元反应模型,忽略黏性、热传导和扩散等输运效应。对真实情况下燃料(H₂)和氧化剂(Air)分开喷注的旋转爆轰发动机进行三维数值模拟,深入分析了非预混条件下的旋转爆震波流场结构,探讨了燃料喷注方式对发动机性能的影响。计算结果表明:本文方法可有效模拟燃料与氧化剂非预混喷注的旋转爆震波流场。在给定的计算条件下,不同喷注方式发动机的爆震波平均传播速度大约为1640~1840 m/s;平均推力为90~100 N;基于混合物的比冲为820~900 m/s。随着燃料喷注位置的前移,发动机性能明显提高;燃料喷注角度对发动机性能影响较小,随着喷注角度的减小,发动机性能逐渐提高,提高幅度较小;燃料双侧喷注的性能明显优于单侧喷注。旋转爆震发动机的性能与燃料/氧化剂的冷流掺混效果成正比。     

双零序分量注入的六相载波脉宽调制技术

针对常规六相正弦脉宽调制(PWM)算法直流电压利用率低的问题,研究了一种基于双零序信号注入的六相载波脉宽调制算法。该算法通过在正弦调制波中注入一定双零序分量来提高六相逆变器的控制性能。分析了该算法双零序分量变化范围以及直流电压利用率的提升原理,给出了3种具有不同输出特性的双零序注入方法。通过对均值零序注入法进行仿真可以看出,该算法能增大直流电压利用率,改善系统运行特性,验证了该PWM算法的有效性和可行性。     

饱和时分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机电感计算

分数槽集中绕组(FSCW)电机磁路的特殊性,使得其交直轴磁路的饱和现象更加突出。冻结磁导率法可以精确地计算电机在饱和工况时的交直轴电感参数。利用有限元软件,将该方法应用在10极12槽FSCW样机中,并与传统电感计算结果比较;针对高频信号注入法实现电机无位置控制,目前电机的高频数学模型中使用的还是基频电感,使用冻结磁导率法求解出了电机高频电压数学方程中的高频电感,取代基频电感以提高无位置控制精度。     

基于CFD分析的二冲程发动机直喷燃烧室方案设计

采用三维实体建模软件UG对此二冲程发动机的燃烧室进行直喷化设计,并利用三维CFD仿真软件Fluent对直喷燃烧室的缸内流场进行CFD仿真与分析.分析结果显示:当燃烧室高度从32mm降为24mm,以及活塞顶面与缸盖底面距离从7mm降为3mm时,压缩过程中的反滚流结构消失,扫气效率从87%升高到91%.模拟结果为进一步优化燃烧室结构提供了较好依据.      

HW/SW Co-design of the Instrument Control Unit for the Energetic Particle Detector on-board Solar Orbiter

ESA’s medium-class Solar Orbiter mission is conceived to perform a close-up study of our Sun and its inner heliosphere to better understand the behaviour of our star. The mission will provide the clues to discover how the Sun creates and controls the solar wind and thereby affects the environments of all the planets. The spacecraft is equipped with a comprehensive suite of instruments. The Energetic Particle Detector (EPD) is one of the in-situ instruments on-board Solar Orbiter. EPD is composed of five different sensors, all of them sharing the Instrument Control Unit or ICU that is the sole interface with the spacecraft. This paper emphasises on how the hardware/software co-design approach can lead to a decrease in software complexity and highlights the versatility of the toolset that supports the development process. Following a model-driven engineering approach, these tools are capable of generating the high-level code of the software application, as well as of facilitating its configuration control and its deployment on the hardware platforms used in the different stages of the development process. Moreover, the use of the Leon2ViP virtual platform, with fault injection capabilities, allows an early software-before-hardware verification and validation and also a hardware–software co-simulation. The adopted solutions reduce development time without compromising the whole process reliability that is essential to the EPD success.     

Trajectory Analysis of Fuel Injection into Supersonic Cross Flow Based on Schlieren Method

Trajectory analysis of fuel injection into supersonic cross flow is studied in this paper. A directly-connected wind tunnel is constructed to provide stable supersonic freestream. Based on the test rig, the schlieren system is established to reveal the fuel injection process visually. Subsequently, the method of quantitative schlieren is adopted to obtain data of both fuel/air interface and bow shock with the aid of Photoshop and Origin. Finally, the mechanism based on two influential factors of fuel injection angle and fuel injection driven pressure, is researched by vector analysis. A dimensionless model is deduced and analyzed. The curve fitting result is achieved. The relationship between the data and the two influential factors is established. The results provide not only the quantitative characteristics of the fuel injection in supersonic cross flow but also the valuable reference for the future computational simulation.     

SRAM型FPGA单粒子效应逐位翻转故障注入方法

针对SRAM(Static Random Access Memory)型FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)空间应用的可靠性评测问题,提出一种逐位翻转的故障注入试验方法,利用动态重配置技术,通过检测逻辑电路设计配置存储单元中的单粒子翻转敏感位数量和位置,可计算出动态翻转截面和失效率,绘出可靠度变化曲线.分别对采用TMR(Triple Modular Redundancy)防护设计的和未采用TMR防护设计的SRAM型FPGA乘法器模块进行了故障注入试验,验证了得到的敏感位位置的正确性,并计算出各自的可靠性参数和曲线.     

小型预燃室周向燃油喷射旋流扩散燃烧的数值模拟

针对航空发动机燃烧室采用高温空气燃烧技术时的高温贫氧空气来源问题,设计了一个基于周向燃油喷射扩散旋流燃烧的新概念小型预燃室,并就周向燃油喷管的布置方式对小型预燃室内旋流燃烧状态的影响进行了数值研究.CFD数值模拟结果表明,当燃油喷管与法向夹角为30°～45°、余气系数为1～1.23时,小型燃烧室内产生稳定、壁面温度分布合理的旋流扩散燃烧.获得了具有合理出口温度分布、速度分布和氧浓度分布的高温贫氧空气.该预燃室为发动机燃烧室使用高温空气燃烧技术提供了条件.