PROPAGATION CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIRCULAR MULTILAYER CHIRAL DIELECTRIC WAVEGUIDE

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Scientific visualization to study Flux Transfer Events at the Community Coordinated Modeling Center

In this paper we present recent additions to the visualization toolset offered by the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC). Two suites of visualization tools are available that can address different needs during the analysis of model simulations of the magnetosphere that are provided by the CCMC. The online, server-side visualization allows the user to quickly browse through simulation runs and now can create maps of magnetic field line topology in the magnetosphere. The second tool, SWX, can be used on the client computer after data have been downloaded. With this second tool the user can interact directly with the three-dimensional objects that are being rendered. We present results from a simulation of a Flux Transfer Event that was performed at the CCMC using a magnetohydrodynamic model of the Earth’s magnetosphere with a high resolution grid focused on the dayside magnetosheath and dayside magnetopause. The simulation shows that the FTE that results from localized magnetic reconnection is a complicated three-dimensional structure that requires modern visualization techniques. Visualization techniques that are presented here allow the researcher to fully appreciate the complexity contained in magnetospheric simulation results.     

Influence of optical parameters on a solar sail motion

Detailed dynamic modeling of a solar sail requires recording of solar radiation pressure influence. A photon-solar sail is determined by the thrust value and the direction. We define the solar sail’s reflectivity depending on the film materials, the sail design and temperature, the thickness of multiple layers, and degradation factor, with a reasonable degree of accuracy. Thus, this work is devoted to the identification of optical characteristics of thin multilayer films in space flight conditions, i.e. to finding its reflectance, absorbance, and transmittance. In particular, the paper asks whether the solar sail simulates by a mathematical model of the optical characteristics of a multilayer epitaxial thin film. The temperature change effect and optical properties of solar sail degradation are considered as well. Solar sail flight from Earth to Mercury is designed as a simulation of the flight change in optical parameters.     

Exploration life support technology challenges for the Crew Exploration Vehicle and future human missions

As NASA implements the U.S. Space Exploration Policy, life support systems must be provided for an expanding sequence of exploration missions. NASA has implemented effective life support for Apollo, the Space Shuttle, and the International Space Station (ISS) and continues to develop advanced systems. This paper provides an overview of life support requirements, previously implemented systems, and new technologies being developed by the Exploration Life Support Project for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) and Lunar Outpost and future Mars missions. The two contrasting practical approaches to providing space life support are (1) open loop direct supply of atmosphere, water, and food, and (2) physicochemical regeneration of air and water with direct supply of food. Open loop direct supply of air and water is cost effective for short missions, but recycling oxygen and water saves costly launch mass on longer missions. Because of the short CEV mission durations, the CEV life support system will be open loop as in Apollo and Space Shuttle. New life support technologies for CEV that address identified shortcomings of existing systems are discussed. Because both ISS and Lunar Outpost have a planned 10-year operational life, the Lunar Outpost life support system should be regenerative like that for ISS and it could utilize technologies similar to ISS. The Lunar Outpost life support system, however, should be extensively redesigned to reduce mass, power, and volume, to improve reliability and incorporate lessons learned, and to take advantage of technology advances over the last 20 years. The Lunar Outpost design could also take advantage of partial gravity and lunar resources.     

Ⅱ型PIO反馈与前馈抑制系统对比

 当舵机速率限制饱和时会产生附加时延,恶化飞行品质,触发Ⅱ型驾驶员诱发振荡（PIO）。运用描述函数法研究速率限制反馈（RLF）和死区增稳（DASA）Ⅱ型PIO抑制系统的开环相位补偿能力,提出RLF抑制系统的参数优化选择方法,分析了DASA抑制系统中死区和滤波器参数对相位补偿能力的影响。研究了两型抑制系统对正弦与偏差输入信号的开环响应特点。建立了含速率限制器的人机系统数学模型,基于描述函数法探究了Ⅱ型PIO的产生机理,推导了抑制Ⅱ型PIO发生的公式,应用连续信号相位补偿法抑制Ⅱ型PIO的发生。对阶跃、离散和正弦3种易于诱发PIO现象的跟踪任务进行数值仿真,对比了两种抑制系统的Ⅱ型PIO抑制能力。结果表明,反馈型RLF抑制系统对Ⅱ型PIO的抑制能力强于前馈型DASA抑制系统,有效降低了Ⅱ型PIO发生的可能性。     

测控信息传输可靠性保障方法研究

随着IP（互联网协议）在测控领域的广泛应用,丢包、时延等IP网络特性对测控信息传输的可靠性提出了挑战。针对遥/外测、引导及上行控制类数据在信息传输各个环节的技术特点,本文深入研究了各类测控数据的信息传输模型及工作流程,提出了适用于不同场景的可靠性保障方法,并通过数学仿真进行了计算分析。仿真结果表明,队列中断选切策略可有效保障遥/外测及引导类信息的可靠传输,N判M模式下的上行控制类信息传输可靠性优于N选1模式。     

脉冲子结构与有限元刚-弹混合连接的子结构方法

航天器结构的日益复杂庞大对系统级的动力学建模仿真以及进一步的结构优化提出了巨大挑战。为提高动力学求解效率,通常引用动态子结构方法。本文利用适于处理瞬态冲击问题的脉冲子结构(IBS)方法,并对其进行改进,将基于脉冲响应函数(IRF)的子结构与有限元建立的子结构综合,同时考虑刚性、弹性以及刚-弹混合连接情形下的子结构综合格式。通过3个数值算例,验证了方法的正确性。最后将刚-弹混合连接下的子结构方法应用到月球探测器软着陆的动态响应预测,结果表明该方法适于对月球探测器软着陆动态响应进行高精度快速预测,并且可以应用于月球探测器的局部动力学结构优化。     

卫星高度角对GPS单向时间传递性能的影响研究

GPS单向时间传递可用于完成本地时间频率参考的校准及向协调世界时的高精度溯源。然而,卫星高度角的变化对时间频率传递的性能会产生一定的影响。概述了GPS卫星单向时间传递的基本原理,分析了不同卫星高度角对时间频率传递性能产生影响的原因,给出了时间频率传递性能的评估方法。最后,通过实验测试GPS卫星高度角变化对时间频率传递性能的影响,给出了实验结果并进行了分析。实验结果表明,随着卫星截止高度角的增加,GPS单向时间频率传递的性能将会提高,但是可视卫星的数量会减少。工程应用中,如果对时间频率传递长期稳定性要求较高,可将截至高度角设为25°;如只对短期稳定性要求较高,可将截止高度角设为5°。     

基于光谱响应函数的ZY-3卫星图像融合算法研究

针对遥感影像融合过程中存在的光谱失真,提出了一种基于光谱响应函数（SRF）的ZY-3卫星影像融合算法,该算法通过研究亮度分量的模拟方法和空间细节注入方法,改进了传统的IHS算法。采用融合前后典型地物光谱曲线对比和无需参考图像的质量评价指标（QNR）两种方式对融合结果进行评价,发现该算法的光谱信息保持在89.94%,QNR值达0.75以上。结果表明,相对于其它IHS改进融合算法,基于ZY-3卫星传感器SRF的改进IHS融合算法无论在光谱信息保持还是空间信息增强方面都具有优势。     

基于改进多目标遗传算法的舰尾紊流模拟方法

为提高舰尾紊流自由大气紊流分量仿真的可信度,提出了一种紊流数值模拟的新方法.首先,使用带有修正系数的Euler前向差分格式表示各个方向的紊流序列,同时结合智能算法的思想,把紊流相关性检验中的均方差误差和相关函数误差作为待优化目标函数,将修正系数的选择看成一个多目标优化问题,并采用改进的多目标遗传算法进行求解.最后,通过仿真算例验证了本文方法的正确性与合理性,计算结果表明该方法可以根据不同的采样步长灵活地生成所需紊流.尤其在小步长情况下,亦可得到很好符合理论值的紊流序列,可以满足虚拟飞行实验的要求.