平面型两关节空间机器人的自适应轨迹控制

基于参数线性分离方法，得到了平面型两关节空间机器人线性参数化形式的动力学模型，这种模型非常适合于采用自适应控制方法。控制策略考虑了机器人各关节之间的耦合及机械臂与基座航天器之间的耦合，对航天器姿态的控制和机械臂的控制进行综合，在满足手端跟踪期望轨迹的同时，保证航天器姿态基本不变。控制器由一个PD反馈项和一个补偿动力学不确定性的非线性自适应反馈项构成，能够保证对期望关节轨迹的全局渐进跟踪，提高了空间机器人操作的适应性和安全性。     

垂直冷发射防空导弹弹道设计中的参数优化

根据垂直冷发射防空导弹的飞行程序，分析了影响弹道性能的主要因素，选取相应的参数对弹道进行优化设计。优化前后弹道参数的计算结果表明，该优化方法改善了速度特性，在攻击超低空目标时保证弹道末段俯冲角满足布儒斯特角的要求，是防空导弹弹道的有效设计方法。     

弹道式再入飞行器以配平攻角状态返回的轨道计算原理及相应的控制要求

弹道式再入飞行器一般为轴对称旋成体,但其质心可以偏离对称轴。我们称通过飞行器质心和对称轴的平面为飞行器的对称面。这种飞行器以配平攻角状态返回时,不仅要求其相对于地球的飞行速度矢量平行于飞行器的对称面、飞行攻角恰等于配平攻角,而且要求其相对于质心的转动角速度矢量垂直于飞行器的对称面,能使飞行器的姿态跟随飞行速度矢量的改变。基于上述考虑,本文给出了这种飞行器以配平攻角状态返回的轨道计算原理及相应的控制要求。     

遗传算法在弹道数据融合中的应用

目前靶场采用全测元融合滤波的方式确定目标飞行器弹道,为测控设备提供引导信息并为安全决策和指挥显示提供数据支持。随着靶场测控设备种类和数量越来越丰富,而新的试验任务又对实时弹道融合解算精度提出了更高的要求,全测元融合处理能否提供高精度的融合弹道和快速地从海量融合方案中寻找最优的方案是弹道测量数据融合急需解决的问题。本文提出了基于遗传算法的最优融合方案选择方法,利用该方法得到的融合弹道精度优于全测元融合方案,仿真结果表明了方法的有效性。     

Real-time trajectory planning for UCAV air-to-surface attack using inverse dynamics optimization method and receding horizon control

This paper presents a computationally efficient real-time trajectory planning framework for typical unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) performing autonomous air-to-surface (A/S) attack. It combines the benefits of inverse dynamics optimization method and receding horizon optimal control technique. Firstly, the ground attack trajectory planning problem is mathematically formulated as a receding horizon optimal control problem (RHC-OCP). In particular, an approximate elliptic launch acceptable region (LAR) model is proposed to model the critical weapon delivery constraints. Secondly, a planning algorithm based on inverse dynamics optimization, which has high computational efficiency and good convergence properties, is developed to solve the RHCOCP in real-time. Thirdly, in order to improve robustness and adaptivity in a dynamic and uncer- tain environment, a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) receding horizon control architecture is introduced and a regular real-time update strategy is proposed as well, and the real-time feedback can be achieved and the not-converged situations can be handled. Finally, numerical simulations demon- strate the efficiency of this framework, and the results also show that the presented technique is well suited for real-time implementation in dynamic and uncertain environment.     

基于MPI的弹道仿真的并行计算研究

介绍了MPI的基本概念,列举了提高并行计算效率的一些措施,并实现了基于MPI消息传递机制的弹道仿真计算模型的并行编程,最后对并行计算和串行计算的结果进行了比较。研究结果表明,将并行计算技术应用于弹道仿真中是可行的,并获得了较高的加速比和计算效率;与单机运行相比,计算机机群可以大大缩短计算时间,提高计算效率,而且可以扩大计算规模,系统适应性和延展性较好。     

End-to-end trajectory design for a solar-sail-only pole-sitter at Venus,Earth, and Mars

The concept of a pole-sitter has been under investigation for many years, showing the capability of a low-thrust propulsion system to maintain a spacecraft at a static position along a planet’s polar axis. From such a position, the spacecraft has a view of the planet’s polar regions equivalent to that of the low- and mid-latitudes from geostationary orbit. Previous work has hinted at the existence of pole-sitters that would only require a solar sail to provide the necessary propulsive thrust if a slight deviation from a position exactly along the polar axis is allowed, without compromising on the continuous view of the planet’s polar region (a so-called quasi-pole-sitter). This paper conducts a further in-depth analysis of these high-potential solar-sail-only quasi-pole-sitters and presents a full end-to-end trajectory design: from launch and transfer to orbit design and orbit control. The results are the next steppingstone towards strengthening the feasibility and utility of these orbits for continuous planetary polar observation.     

行星着陆轨迹优化技术研究进展

针对行星大气进入、动力下降过程动力学环境及约束条件等进行了分析,回顾了近年来行星着陆轨迹优化的研究现状。在此基础上,结合行星着陆轨迹优化技术在动力学特征、约束条件、不确定环境方面的特点,从非线性动力学的等价/近似变换技术、复杂约束条件下的最优轨迹快速求解技术、不确定条件下的能控/能达性分析技术三个方面,对行星着陆轨迹优化的关键技术进行了梳理。     

Command filtered sliding mode trajectory tracking control for unmanned airships based on RBFNN approximation

This paper presents two sliding mode controllers to address the trajectory tracking problem of unmanned airships in the presence of unknown wind disturbance. The sliding mode controller proposed first is designed by a fast power rate reaching law(FPRRL). The disturbance is compensated by a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN). To avoid the aggressive adaptation, the controller is augmented by a command filter. The controller provides good robustness and tracking performance with no chattering under the hypothesis of ideal wind field. However, serious chattering occurs when simulation is performed under discontinuous wind field. To simulate the wind in practice, the wind field employed in the simulation is generated by the combination of a constant field and white noise. The controller is improved subsequently with an extended model to suppress the chattering induced by the white noise. The enhanced controller manipulates the derivation of system input, thus attenuating the chattering. Stability analysis shows that both controllers drive the tracking error into a controllable small region near zero. Simulations are provided to validate the performance of the proposed controllers under different wind hypothesis.     

临近空间可变形滑翔飞行器轨迹优化与性能分析

针对临近空间滑翔飞行器的变形需求，提出一种具有较高环境适应性的伸缩式可变形滑翔飞行器(MGV)，建立了含有冗余控制变量的MGV轨迹优化模型，利用伪谱法量化分析了MGV在射程覆盖能力、规避绕飞能力和末段打击能力三方面的性能收益，得到了飞行过程中的最优控制律和最优变形律，可指导制定变形策略和设计变形控制系统，为滑翔飞行器的后续发展和变形飞行器的相关研究提供参考。