Loopy belief propagation based data association for extended target tracking

The data association problem of multiple extended target tracking is very challenging because each target may generate multiple measurements. Recently, the belief propagation based multiple target tracking algorithms with high efficiency have been a research focus. Different from the belief propagation based Extended Target tracking based on Belief Propagation (ET-BP) algorithm proposed in our previous work, a new graphical model formulation of data association for multiple extended target tracking is proposed in this paper. The proposed formulation can be solved by the Loopy Belief Propagation (LBP) algorithm. Furthermore, the simplified measurement set in the ET-BP algorithm is modified to improve tracking accuracy. Finally, experiment results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than the ET-BP and joint probabilistic data association based on the simplified measurement set algorithms in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Additionally, the convergence of the proposed algorithm is verified in the simulations.     

Data processing center of RadioAstron space VLBI project

In this paper, questions on development, implementation, and operation of RadioAstron project Data Processing Center (DPC) are reviewed. The main components of the dedicated DPC are the computer complex with 1 TFlops/s performance, storage with memory capacity of approximately 10 PB, the network infrastructure, and the corresponding communication channels. Performance enhancement methods and resolution of information storage, archiving, and process problems of space VLBI high-speed digital data flows are analyzed. It is shown that successful operation of DPC is mainly provided by optimal organization of computer system structure, storage, and networking transmission. Some of the important key features of RadioAstron project DPC and its comparative differences from the standard VLBI procedures are considered.     

Reconciling space object observed and solar pressure albedo-areas via astrometric and photometric data fusion

There are many Resident Space Objects (RSOs) in the Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) regime, both operational and debris. The primary non-gravitational force acting on these RSOs is Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP), which is sensitive to the RSO’s area-to-mass ratio. Sparse observation data and mismodeling of non-gravitational forces has constrained the state of practice in tracking and characterizing RSOs. Accurate identification, characterization, tracking, and motion prediction of RSOs is a high priority research issue as it shall aid in assessing collision probabilities in the GEO regime, and orbital safety writ large. Previous work in characterizing RSOs has taken a preliminary step in exploiting fused astrometric and photometric data to estimate the RSO mass, shape, attitude, and size. This works, in theory, since angles data are sensitive to SRP albedo-area-to-mass ratio, and photometric data are sensitive to shape, attitude, and observed albedo-area. By fusing these two data types, mass and albedo-area both become observable parameters and can be estimated as independent quantities. However, previous work in mass and albedo-area estimation has not quantified and assessed the fundamental physical link between SRP albedo-area and observed albedo-area. The observed albedo-area is always a function of the SRP albedo-area along the line of sight of the observer. This is the physical relationship that this current research exploits. It is shown through simulation that due to this physical link, and through the fusion of astrometric and photometric data, it is possible to observe the mass of a space object when the area is not known. Results for data from 100 trajectories generated from randomly sampled initial conditions are shown. It is seen that even when the area of the object is not known, the uncertainty in mass can be lowered from an initial value of 800?kg to the range 500–700?kg for 72% of the samples, 200–500?kg for 13% of the samples, and 0–200?kg for 15% of the samples. It is further shown that although the uncertainties are large, the actual errors in mass are much lower, with the error RMS being less than 100?kg for 30% of the samples, between 100 and 200?kg for another 30%, and between 200 and 300?kg for 24% of the samples.     

考虑跟踪性能约束的近空间飞行器控制器设计

针对一类可变后掠角的近空间飞行器(NSV)指令跟踪问题，考虑其受到外界扰动及参数不确定的影响，同时考虑系统的跟踪性能约束及姿态角速度约束，提出了一种基于模糊系统的切换控制器设计方法，确保系统在扰动影响以及给定约束下能够对给定信号进行稳定跟踪。建立了包含未知扰动及不确定项的近空间飞行器非线性切换模型；通过设计模糊系统对系统所受的总干扰进行实时估计，并基于反步法进行了切换控制器设计，在控制器中对干扰进行补偿；通过公共Barrier Lyapunov方法对系统稳定性及动态性能进行了分析。数值仿真算例校验了所提出方法的有效性及优越性。     

卫星载荷1553B总线数据接口的设计与实现CSCD

卫星载荷总线数据流接口的实现对于卫星载荷数据流的传输体制能否正常工作起着关键性的作用,设计合理的数据流管理方案对于卫星载荷之间的正常通信至关重要。MIL-STD-1553B总线数据传输速率高,实时性好,具有合理的差错控制措施和特有的方式命令,适合星上大数据量的传输任务和特定环境的需求。本文使用龙芯配置卫星载荷1553B总线的工作模式,合理设计载荷数据流的传输形式,实现卫星载荷1553B总线的数据流接口。测试结果表明,数据接口可靠性高,实际应用效果好,满足卫星上的通信设计要求。     

基于LabWindows/CVI的ARINC429总线数据采集系统设计

首先设计了一套基于LabWindows/CVI的ARINC429总线数据采集系统,该系统采用服务器端和客户端结合的方式,利用线程池的次线程采集数据,并利用异步时钟把数据打包发送给客户端。其次,讨论了两种采集方式对数采系统的影响,并且对ARINC429总线某个Label号的数据失效进行了处理,为以后的ARINC429的数采操作提供了借鉴。     

面向微纳卫星应用的激光数传技术

针对遥感微纳卫星对地高速数传需求,开展面向微纳卫星的激光数传技术研究,突破微纳卫星激光通信终端星地快速捕获建链和协同高精度稳定跟踪、天基终端轻小型化、复合光电组件等关键技术。完成微纳卫星的天基激光终端和地面激光终端研制,并开展星地传输试验验证,实现 1 230 km、10/50/100 Mbps 的星地数据传输,验证了相关技术,为后续我国微纳卫星对地遥感应用提供了理想的星地数传手段。     

Variable slip window technology in transition detection on pitching airfoil

In the pitching motion, the unsteady transition and relaminarization position plays an important role in the dynamic characteristics of the airfoil. In order to facilitate the computer to automatically and accurately calculate the position of the transition and relaminarization, a Variable Slip Window Technology (VSWT) suitable for airfoil dynamic data processing was developed using the S809 airfoil experimental data in this paper and two calculation strategies, i.e., global strategy and single point strategy, were proposed: global strategy and single point strategy. The core of the VSWT is the selection of the window function h and the parameters setting in the h function. The effect of the VSWT was evaluated using the dimensionless pulse strength value (INB), which can be used to evaluate the signal characteristics, of the root mean square (RMS) value of the fluctuating pressure. It is found that: the h function characteristics have a significant influence on the VSWT. The suitable functions are H_n function constructed in this paper and step function. For the left boundary of the magnified area, the step function can obtain the largest INB value, but the robustness is not good. The H₁ function (Gaussian-like function, n = 1) can show higher robustness while ensuring a large INB value. The two computing strategies, which are single point strategy and global strategy, have their own advantages and disadvantages. The former strategy, that is the single point strategy, can achieve a higher INB value, but the RMS magnification at the feature position needs to be known in advance. Although the INB value obtained by the latter strategy, that is the global strategy, is slightly smaller than the calculation results of the former strategy, it is not necessary to know the RMS magnification at the feature position in advance. So the global strategy has better robustness. The experimental data of NACA0012 airfoil was used to further validate the developed VSWT in this paper, and the results show that the VSWT developed in this paper can still double the INB value of the transition/relaminarization position. The VSWT developed in this paper has certain practicability, which is convenient for the computer to automatically determine the transition/relaminarization characteristics.     

改进的平方根UKF在再入滑翔目标跟踪中的应用

针对临近空间高超声速再入滑翔目标跟踪问题，提出了一种基于新气动力模型的改进的平方根UKF滤波算法(ISR-UKF)。首先对气动力模型进行了变换。其次，在传统平方根UKF基础上，改用球形无迹变换来计算权系数以及sigma点；改进了平方根矩阵的分解方法；同时为解决矩阵求逆易出现奇异值使滤波失效的问题，提出在协方差矩阵更新中引入多重次稳定因子。最后将该算法分别与基于原气动力的ISR-UKF，基于新气动力的平方根UKF以及基于原气动力的平方根UKF进行仿真比较。仿真表明，该算法具有良好的滤波性能，而且能避免奇异值问题的出现，具有很好的可靠性。     

Design of tracking mount and controller for mobile satellite laser ranging system

In this study, we have proposed and implemented a design for the tracking mount and controller of the ARGO-M (Accurate Ranging system for Geodetic Observation - Mobile) which is a mobile satellite laser ranging (SLR) system developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) and Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM). The tracking mount comprises a few core components such as bearings, driving motors and encoders. These components were selected as per the technical specifications for the tracking mount of the ARGO-M. A three-dimensional model of the tracking mount was designed. The frequency analysis of the model predicted that the first natural frequency of the designed tracking mount was high enough. The tracking controller is simulated using MATLAB/xPC Target to achieve the required pointing and tracking accuracy. In order to evaluate the system repeatability and tracking accuracy of the tracking mount, a prototype of the ARGO-M was fabricated, and repeatability tests were carried out using a laser interferometer. Tracking tests were conducted using the trajectories of low earth orbit (LEO) and high earth orbit (HEO) satellites. Based on the test results, it was confirmed that the prototype of the tracking mount and controller of the ARGO-M could achieve the required repeatability along with a tracking accuracy of less than 1 arcsec.