火星探测器器箭分离冲击响应影响分析与评价

针对火星探测器器箭分离冲击过大问题,对单机开展了试验与分析研究。针对完成冲击试验考核的单机可靠性是否受到影响问题,提出采用强度/应力方法进行判断,将厂家给出的单机内部器件的冲击条件视为强度,将单机的冲击响应谱转化后的半正弦波视为应力,将二者相比,从试验和分析两方面表明正样单机的可靠性满足要求,经受过冲击考核的单机可靠性没有下降。此方法可作为判定完成冲击试验考核的单机可靠性是否受影响的依据,也可作为单机冲击试验前抗冲击能力的判断准则。     

South American regional ionospheric maps computed by GESA: A pilot service in the framework of SIRGAS

SIRGAS (Geocentric Reference Frame for the Americas) is an international enterprise of the geodetic community that aims to realize the Terrestrial Reference Frame in the America’s countries. In order to fulfill this commitment, SIRGAS manages a network of continuously operational GNSS receivers totalling around one hundred sites in the Caribbean, Central, and South American region. Although the network was not planed for ionospheric studies, its potential to be used for such a purpose was recently recognized and SIRGAS started a pilot experiment devoted to establish a regular service for computing and releasing regional vertical TEC (vTEC) maps based on GNSS data. Since July, 2005, the GESA (Geodesia Espacial y Aeronomía) laboratory belonging to the Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas of the Universidad Nacional de La Plata computes hourly maps of vertical Total Electron Content (vTEC) in the framework of the SIRGAS pilot experiment. These maps exploit all the GNSS data available in the South American region and are computed with the LPIM (La Plata Ionospheric Model). LPIM implements a de-biasing procedure that improves data calibration in relation to other procedures commonly used for such purposes. After calibration, slant TEC measurements are converted to vertical and mapped using local-time and modip latitude. The use of modip latitude smoothed the spatial variability of vTEC, especially in the South American low latitude region and hence allows for a better vTEC interpolation. This contribution summarizes the results obtained by GESA in the framework of the SIRGAS pilot experiment.     

Response of the mid-latitude D-region ionosphere to the total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 studied using VLF signals in South Korean peninsula

In this paper, we analyze VLF signals received at Busan to study the the D-region changes linked with the solar eclipse event of 22 July 2009 for very short (∼390 km) transmitter–receiver great circle path (TRGCP) during local noon time 00:36–03:13 UT (09:36–12:13 KST). The eclipse crossed south of Busan with a maximum obscuration of ∼84%. Observations clearly show a reduction of ∼6.2 dB in the VLF signal strength at the time of maximum solar obscuration (84% at 01:53 UT) as compared to those observed on the control days. Estimated values of change in Wait ionospheric parameters: reflection height (h′) in km and inverse scale height parameter (β) in km⁻¹ from Long Wave Propagation Capability (LWPC) model during the maximum eclipse phase as compared to unperturbed ionosphere are 7 km and 0.055 km⁻¹, respectively. Moreover, the D-region electron density estimated from model computation shows 95% depletion in electron density at the height of ∼71 km. The reflection height is found to increase by ∼7 km in the D-region during the eclipse as compared to those on the control days, implying a depletion in the Lyman-α flux by a factor of ∼7. The present observations are discussed in the light of current understanding on the solar eclipse induced D-region dynamics.     

TEC derived from some GPS stations in Nigeria and comparison with the IRI and NeQuick models

Total electron content (TEC) measured simultaneously using Global Positioning System (GPS) ionospheric monitors installed at some locations in Nigeria during the year 2011 (Rz = 55.7) was used to study the diurnal, seasonal, and annual TEC variations. The TEC exhibits daytime maximum, seasonal variation and semiannual variations. Measured TEC were compared with those predicted by the improved versions of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) and NeQuick models. The models followed the diurnal and seasonal variation patterns of the observed values of TEC. However, IRI model produced better estimates of TEC than NeQuick at all locations.     

激光推进运载器大气飞行稳定性影响因素研究

针对环聚焦的Myrabo构型激光推进飞行器在大气中飞行现象,建立了激光推力器冲量模型,给出了光船飞行六自由度动力学模型。设计算法解决了脉冲力作用下,光船动力学方程的解算精度与效率折中问题;仿真分析了激光脉冲频率、脉冲能量和升力线斜率大小对光船运动稳定性影响。结果表明:在垂直方向,光船上升速度呈锯齿状,且存在脉冲频率下限;在侧向,激光脉冲频率越高,回复速度越快,回复曲线也越光滑,升力线斜率的增加能够使光船以更短的时间趋于稳定。     

突扩扩压器突扩间隙与压力损失间关系的研究

通过数值计算和试验两种方法研究了短突扩扩压器突扩间隙与压力损失间的变化规律探讨了变化机理，研究了前置扩压器结构和进口马赫保持不变的前提下，分别通过改变前置扩压器和火焰筒的位置两种方式改变突扩间隙，研究总压损失系数的变化规律，结果表明：在本研究参数范围内，当突扩间较小时，前置扩压器出口气流拐弯剧烈，流线是非光滑的，相反，则会导致前置扩压出口气流的二次分离，在突扩区形成两个涡，而且气流拐弯剧烈，流量分配不均匀，因而存在有最佳的相对突扩间隙（δ=1.8-2.0),使得总压损失最小而（1．6％－1．75％）。     

超声速进气道数学模型研究

应用数值模拟方法对二级斜板可调的二元混压式超声速进气道的内流场性能进行了研究，根据数值模拟二元混压式超声速进气道内流场的计算结果，得出每个网格点上的压力，温度，速度及密度等参数，从而求出进气道的总压恢复系数和流量系数，并归纳出进气道主要性能参数与状态参数和几何调节参数之间的关系，得出进气道的特性曲线，建立了二元超声速进气道的数学模型，利用此数学模型，可确定进气道在不同状态下的主要内容特性参数值，并作为建立带进气道、矢量喷管的发动机数学模型的建模基础，对进气道、发动机、矢量喷管的一体化控制有重要的参考价值。     

全站仪船体分段测量的温度影响研究

根据在相同的环境温度下和不同环境温度下对船体轴系部位同一材料、相同结构的多个目标点进行反复测量,观察全站仪测量数据的变化,分析环境温度变化引起的误差情况,为船舶精度建造工艺研究提供可靠的数据支撑。     

弹道导弹在被动段轴向加速变轨弹道设计与优化

针对在被动段脉冲发动机轴向加速变轨突防弹道计算建立了飞行动力模型,通过弹道仿真计算分析了脉冲发动机点火时间和脉冲发动机工作时间对弹道的影响.脉冲发动机总冲一定时,短时间-大推力模式下导弹的射程最大.在爬升段点火时,短时间-大推力导弹能量利用最高;在下降段点火时,长时间-小推力能量利用率最高.同时提出了脉冲轴向加速变轨突防弹道优化的约束条件,并对该问题进行了优化计算,优化后的发动机质量比优化前减少了24.87%.