基于差分进化算法的再入可达域快速计算#br#

针对高升阻比高超飞行器再入可达域计算问题,提出了基于差分进化算法和倾侧角插值相结合的混合求解方案。通过设计罚函数和适应度函数极值化将再入过程等式约束和不等式约束添加到优化指标。为了减小参数化倾侧角剖面的搜索空间,利用带约束的差分进化算法求解满足再入过程约束和终端约束的再入轨迹。在分别得到最大横向航程和最大纵向航程的倾侧角剖面后,利用插值法快速生成倾侧角指令集,进而实现再入可达域的快速计算。以高升阻比飞行器CAV H为对象,设计仿真算例,结果表明,该混合优化求解方案易于实现且具有良好的可操作性。     

基于变形力数据的结构件残余应力场重构方法

残余应力是引起零件加工变形和失效的重要因素,残余应力场的重构有助于消除和控制零件在设计、制造、评价和使用过程中的残余应力。针对已有方法难以准确重构残余应力场的问题,提出了一种通过零件加工过程中的变形力数据实现零件残余应力场重构的方法。该方法首先提取了由于材料去除引起的应力重新分布带来的装夹力变化数据,即变形力。残余应力到变形力之间通过协方差矩阵自适应进化策略(CMA-ES算法)反复迭代求解出映射关系,从而构建出零件的残余应力场,最后在仿真环境下对该方法进行了验证。验证结果表明:该方法能较好地预测残余应力场,重构出的零件的初始残余应力场与原始施加的应力场平均误差值约0.38 MPa,为零件残余应力场的重构提供了一种新思路。     

Catching spiral – S0 transition in groups. Insights from SPH simulations with chemo-photometric implementation

We are investigating the co-evolution of galaxies within groups combining multi-wavelength photometric and 2D kinematical observations. Here we focus on S0s showing star formation in ring/arm-like structures. We use smooth particle hydrodynamical simulations (SPH) with chemo-photometric implementation which provide dynamical and morphological information together with the spectral energy distribution (SED) at each evolutionary stage. As test cases, we simulate the evolution of two such S0s: NGC 1533 and NGC 3626.     

Galaxy evolution in groups. USGC U268 and USGC U376 in the Leo cloud

With the aim of investigating galaxy evolution in nearby galaxy groups, we analyzed the spectral energy distribution of 24 galaxies, members of two groups in the Leo cloud, USGC U268 and USGC U376. We estimated the ages and stellar masses of the galaxies by fitting their total apparent magnitudes from far-ultraviolet to near-infrared with population synthesis models. The comparison of the results for a subsample of galaxies with smooth particle hydrodynamic (SPH) simulations with chemo-photometric implementation, shows that in most cases the estimated stellar masses obtained with the two different approaches are in good agreement. The kinematical and dynamical analysis indicates that USGC U268 is in a pre-virial collapse phase while USGC U376 is likely in a more evolved phase towards virialization.     

An improved sea level retrieval method using the differential evolution of GNSS SNR data

This paper presents an improved new method with differential evolution and the cubic spline approach is proposed to retrieve sea level height based on GNSS SNR observations from a single geodetic receiver. Considering the B-spline function is unstable at the beginning or end, and the feature that B-spline functions do not pass through nodes may introduce errors. Thus, the cubic spline is applied to the retrieval process and accounts for a continuous and smooth in sea level retrieval time series. Besides, the biases caused by tropospheric delay and dynamic sea level are considered and corrected. Testing data from two stations with different tidal range and the final solution agrees well with measurements from co-located tide gauges, reaching the RMSE of 3.67 cm at Friday Harbor, Washington, and 1.36 cm at Onsala, Sweden. Comparison of the nonlinear least squares, this method leads to a clear increase in precision of the sea level retrievals within 50%. Additionally, referring to the result of Purnell et al. (2020) and the IAG inter-comparison campaign, the results of this paper show more potential.     

自由曲面侧铣刀具轮廓与轨迹同步优化方法

针对自由曲面侧铣加工中轨迹规划困难、加工精度难保证等问题，提出了一种自由曲线母线类刀具的外形轮廓设计方法。该方法在优化刀具轮廓的同时，充分考虑了加工过程中的工件精度和刀轴光顺性问题，实现了自由曲线母线类刀具的形状设计和对应侧铣加工轨迹的生成。首先，通过分别定义刀具轮廓母线和刀轴轨迹面实现对刀具形状和侧铣加工轨迹的表达，并由此计算切削行上刀具工件干涉量来评价加工误差，以刀轴轨迹面能量评价刀轴光顺性，建立了基于加工误差和刀轴光顺性的刀具轮廓与加工轨迹的同步优化模型；其次，为实现对同步优化模型的求解，给出了基于序列逼近法的求解策略，以及优化初值中刀轴轨迹面控制参数和刀具轮廓控制参数获取方法；最后，分别通过加工轨迹规划实验和刀具轮廓设计实验，验证了本文算法在在自由曲面四轴侧铣加工刀具轮廓设计与加工轨迹优化中的正确性及有效性。研究成果为提高自由曲面类零件侧铣加工精度、实现侧铣加工刀具轮廓设计及侧铣加工轨迹规划提供了一种有效的方法和手段。     

基于KNN的机床刀尖点频响函数预测

加工颤振是影响工件表面质量、加剧刀具磨损和降低机床寿命的重要原因,颤振抑制一直以来都是学术界和工业界关注的重点。稳定性叶瓣图是现有颤振抑制方法的重要依据,而机床刀尖点频响函数是绘制稳定性叶瓣图的主要输入。锤击试验法是目前获取刀尖模态参数最为准确的方法,但是在机床结构变化频繁的应用场景下,该方法效率低,机床需要长时间停机,难以满足实际生产要求。提出了基于KNN的机床刀尖点频响函数预测方法,将锤击试验法和KNN算法相结合,大幅减小了锤击试验的次数,同时准确获得机床刀尖点频响函数。在试验验证中,将该方法和传统RCSA方法进行对比,结果表明所提方法具有良好的准确度。     

Optimal trajectory planning of free-floating space manipulator using differential evolution algorithm

The existence of the path dependent dynamic singularities limits the volume of available workspace of free-floating space robot and induces enormous joint velocities when such singularities are met. In order to overcome this demerit, this paper presents an optimal joint trajectory planning method using forward kinematics equations of free-floating space robot, while joint motion laws are delineated with application of the concept of reaction null-space. Bézier curve, in conjunction with the null-space column vectors, are applied to describe the joint trajectories. Considering the forward kinematics equations of the free-floating space robot, the trajectory planning issue is consequently transferred to an optimization issue while the control points to construct the Bézier curve are the design variables. A constrained differential evolution (DE) scheme with premature handling strategy is implemented to find the optimal solution of the design variables while specific objectives and imposed constraints are satisfied. Differ from traditional methods, we synthesize null-space and specialized curve to provide a novel viewpoint for trajectory planning of free-floating space robot. Simulation results are presented for trajectory planning of 7 degree-of-freedom (DOF) kinematically redundant manipulator mounted on a free-floating spacecraft and demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于双目视觉的多型号电连接器检测技术

通过双目视觉平台捕获图像反馈PC机，采用基于支持向量机（SVM）的机器学习方法对目标进行分类。判定型号并为每个型号加载图像处理检测方案及参数矩阵，实现电连接器针脚的柔性定位预处理，之后执行针顶轮廓的精确拟合算法，结合插针排列模版实现其三项检测工作。最后，通过实例验证与重复精度实验，结果表明本文方法具备面向多型号的柔性检测能力，并且稳定性，精度，效率满足低频连接器的检验要求。     

直面未来挑战——德国空军训练变革情况介绍

介绍了德刚空军未来任务能力对其训练发展提m的新要求，分析了德刚空军训练机构的编制体制变革，详细阐述了其训练体制新发展，最后对其变革方向进行了总结。