被动式陀螺转子惯性矩的测定

介绍了对称式三线摆与不对称式双线摆的工作原理及其微角和大角摆动周期的近似解法 ,同时说明了这两种摆的特点。利用这两种摆测量不规则转子或构件绕轴向和绕径向的惯性矩 ,既方便又准确。若采用长摆线 ,当摆角 φ0 <4 0°时 ,测量准确度优于 1%。     

Multiphysics simulation method of Lamb wavepropagation with piezoelectric transducers under load condition

Lamb Wave(LW) simulation under time-varying conditions is an effective and low cost way to study the problem of the low reliability of the structural health monitoring methods based on the LW and Piezoelectric Transducer(PT). In this paper, a multiphysics simulation method of the LW propagation with the PTs under load condition is proposed. With this method, two key mechanisms of the load influence on the LW propagation are considered and coupled with each other. The first mechanism is the acoustoelastic effect which is the main reason of the LW velocity change. The second key mechanism is the load influence on piezoelectric materials, which results in a change of the amplitude. Based on the computational platform of the COMSOL Multiphysics, a multiphysics simulation model of the LW propagation with the PTs under load condition is established. The simulation model includes two physical phenomena. The first one is called solid mechanics, which is used to simulate the acoustoelastic effect being combined with the hyperelastic material properties of the structure in which the LW propagates. The second one is called electromechanical coupling, which considers the simulation of the piezoelectric effect of the PTs for the LW excitation and sensing. To simulate the load influence on piezoelectric materials, a non-linear numerical model of the relationship between the load and the piezoelectric coefficient d31 is established based on an experiment of the load influence on the LW. The simulation results under uniaxial tensile load condition are obtained and are compared with the data obtained from the experiment. It shows that the variations of the phase velocity and amplitude of the LW obtained from the simulation model match the experimental results well.     

Time-varying linear control for tiltrotor aircraft

Tiltrotor aircraft have three flight modes: helicopter mode, airplane mode, and transition mode. A tiltrotor has characteristics of highly nonlinear, time-varying flight dynamics and inertial/control couplings in its transition mode. It can transit from the helicopter mode to the airplane mode by tilting its nacelles, and an effective controller is crucial to accomplish tilting transition missions. Longitudinal dynamic characteristics of the tiltrotor are described by a nonlinear Lagrange-form model, which takes into account inertial/control couplings and aerodynamic interferences. Reference commands for airspeed velocity and attitude in the transition mode are calculated dynamically by visiting a command library which is founded in advance by analyzing the flight envelope of the tiltrotor. A Time-Varying Linear (TVL) model is obtained using a Taylor-expansion based online linearization technique from the nonlinear model. Subsequently, based on an optimal control concept, an online optimization based control method with input constraints considered is proposed. To validate the proposed control method, three typical tilting transition missions are simulated using the nonlinear model of XV-15 tiltrotor aircraft. Simulation results show that the controller can be used to control the tiltrotor throughout its operating envelop which includes a transition flight, and can also deal with vertical gust disturbances.     

升力浮力复合型飞艇动导数分析

计算了球体和椭球体的平移、转动加速度导数,数值模拟了NACA0015翼型的俯仰振荡,验证了计算流体动力学(CFD)方法计算动导数的有效性.模拟升力浮力复合型飞艇的强迫振荡运动,得到了全艇以及机翼、艇身、平尾和垂尾的动导数,并与常规飞艇进行了比较分析.机翼对速度导数的贡献导致复合型飞艇升沉速度导数、滚转角速度导数较常规飞艇显著增大.常规飞艇加速度导数以惯性力成分为主,但黏性力成分以及机翼对艇身和尾翼的干扰对复合型飞艇升沉、滚转和俯仰3个方向的加速度导数有重要影响,不能将加速度导数简化为附加质量系数.      

利用改进TW-API方法在轨辨识挠性航天器时变模态参数

考虑大型挠性部件运动导致的在轨航天器模态参数时变特性,提出一种改进的截断窗逼近幂迭代（TW-API）追踪方法。针对传统TW-API方法计算量较大的问题,改进的方法简化了数据处理中的矩阵递推过程,显著减少了在轨辨识过程的计算量和计算时间。还将该方法与经典投影估计子空间跟踪（PAST）方法和逼近幂迭代（API）递推方法进行了计算量对比与分析。为检验四种方法用于航天器模态参数辨识的效果,选取ETS-VIII卫星为对象进行数值仿真。通过实际计算时间的比较,校验了改进TW-API方法在大型挠性航天器时变模态参数在轨辨识方面的有效性。     

航星座自主运行平行系统的轨道计算方法

构建一个能够与实际卫星导航系统长期保持时空一致的平行系统,可为导航星座自主运行提供一个监视与评估平台。针对建设该平行系统所需的高逼真轨道计算问题,引入平行系统理论的思想,在分析历史精密轨道的基础上,提出高精度轨道计算与预报方法。该方法以不断更新的精密轨道作为输入,利用PID增量式算法或时变加权法进行数据平滑,使得轨道计算结果始终与实际系统保持高度一致性。试验结果表明,该方法可使卫星轨道计算的结果与实际卫星轨道长期保持在分米量级。     

基于深度学习的航天器组合体惯性参数在轨智能辨识

针对在轨服务过程形成新组合体的动力学参数未知的问题,借助深度学习在多参数寻优上的优势,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络的智能参数辨识算法,实现在外力作用下,线动量和角动量不守恒条件下的航天器组合体多参数辨识。利用卷积神经网络权值共享的特点,设计4层卷积神经网络,通过短时间内对大量特定存储形式的状态数据的训练,实现航天器组合体多参数快速高精度辨识。利用数学仿真试验对算法的可行性进行验证,结果表明：在24s内,质量与质心位置收敛;1190s内,惯量参数收敛,辨识精度在3%以内。说明所提方法在外界随机干扰力和力矩影响下能准确快速辨识出航天器组合体质量、质心位置和惯量矩阵。     

基于改进型同步逆变器技术的微电网变换器

针对风光储等分布式电源接入配电网(微电网)造成系统“低惯量、欠阻尼”进而导致的稳定性问题,对模拟同步发电机外特性的虚拟同步发电机(Virtual Synchronous Generator,VSG)技术进行了研究。在下垂控制的基础上,通过对电磁方程和机械方程的设计,使得电力电子装置的变换器具有同步发电机的转子转动惯量和阻尼特性,同时具备一次调频调压的能力。同时,对VSG输出功率的动态和稳态特性的矛盾性,提出一种改进型VSG方案。最后,利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真工具,验证所提模型和控制策略的正确性与有效性。     

离子液体电喷推力器羽流中和特性研究

电推进装置的带电羽流会对航天器产生多种危害,为了降低离子液体电喷推力器带电羽流对航天器产生的潜在安全风险,需要对其进行羽流中和.根据离子液体电喷推力器的羽流自中和特性,提出了时间变化法和空间变化法,并对其进行了实验验证.用时间变化法分析了单推力器的脉冲电压的频率、幅值和占空比对羽流中和特性的影响.以20Hz作为实验的条...     

严格逆向过程的捷联惯导快速回溯对准

回溯对准是利用高性能计算机反复进行正向和逆向导航解算来实现惯导系统的初始对准。对捷联惯导系统回溯参数辨识对准技术进行了研究,首次将严格逆向过程用在常规回溯对准中,其逆向过程不采用常规的近似解算,而是严格由正向过程的终点递推至起点,这可有效缩短惯导姿态失准角的估计时间,从而可相应提高捷联惯导在相同对准精度下的对准速度。最后,利用光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统进行了离线对准试验。结果表明,该对准方法的对准时间比常规回溯对准法缩短了1/3以上,证明了该对准方法的正确性、可行性。