原子钟长期特性测量系统的设计与实现

通过在对各种时频测量硬件的搭建,建立一套多台被测原子钟同时与本地频率标准钟比对的测量系统。该系统以数据库服务做为最底层的数据支持,能够实时的监控测量数据,显示当前被测原子钟的频率准确度,并能够在获得了足够的数据之后,计算和显示被测原子钟的日稳和漂移数据和曲线,方便时频计量人员操作,提高了送检原子钟的计量检定效率。     

船岸网络时延测量误差原因分析

简单介绍了测量船船岸通信网络组成,重点介绍了NTP（网络时间协议）和PTP（精密时间协议）这2种网络时间同步协议。针对改建后的船岸网络时延测量误差进行分析和研究,提出基于TWSTFT（卫星双向时间频率传输）技术模型的网络时延测量方法,测量结果误差小于3ms,满足测控任务实时性要求,为提高测控网的测控精度提供有益参考。     

On Lambert’s problem and the elliptic time of flight equation: A simple semi-analytical inversion method

In the two-body model, time of flight between two positions can be expressed as a single-variable function and a variety of formulations exist. Lambert’s problem can be solved by inverting such a function. In this article, a method which inverts Lagrange’s flight time equation and supports the problematic 180°$180°$ transfer is proposed. This method relies on a Householder algorithm of variable order. However, unlike other iterative methods, it is semi-analytical in the sense that flight time functions are derived analytically to second order vs. first order finite differences. The author investigated the profile of Lagrange’s elliptic flight time equation and its derivatives with a special focus on their significance to the behaviour of the proposed method and the stated goal of guaranteed convergence. Possible numerical deficiencies were identified and dealt with. As a test, 28 scenarios of variable difficulty were designed to cover a wide variety of geometries. The context of this research being the orbit determination of artificial satellites and debris, the scenarios are representative of typical such objects in Low-Earth, Geostationary and Geostationary Transfer Orbits. An analysis of the computational impact of the quality of the initial guess vs. that of the order of the method was also done, providing clues for further research and optimisations (e.g. asteroids, long period comets, multi-revolution cases). The results indicate fast to very fast convergence in all test cases, they validate the numerical safeguards and also give a quantitative assessment of the importance of the initial guess.     

航天器测控资源调度模型及算法

航天器测控资源调度问题研究的目的是通过一定的调度方法科学地分配有限的地面测控资源和最大化地完成航天器测控任务。在参考面向任务执行计划的航天器测控资源调度模型研究的基础上,文章提出了面向可见窗口的航天器测控调度模型,并给出了问题的确定性分支定界求解算法及其计算复杂度分析。最后,通过仿真计算验证了算法的有效性和实用性。     

基于光纤双环网的高精度时频同步技术研究

本文介绍了一种基于光纤双环网的时频同步技术设计方法,针对时频设备协同使用时如何获得高精度同步指标这一问题提出了一种设计思路。以系统时间源使用北斗/GPS/GLONASS,本系统同步精度优于5E-13,频率稳定度优于5E-13@1d;以UTC(BIRMM)输出的TOD+1PPS做系统时间源,本系统同步精度优于4E-13,频率稳定度优于6E-14@1d。本方案提出的方法原理简单,系统可根据使用情况进行裁剪,相比卫星双向等手段成本低廉,适合在时频同步领域推广。     

基于外测弹道数据的后效误差分析及折合

本文提出了一种利用外测弹道数据特性判断后效段时间,进行后效误差分析的方法。在后效误差分析的基础上,将试验外测弹道后效段速度参数的变化量从发射坐标系转换到弹体系下,直接转化为折合弹道的速度变化量,由此可进行后效误差折合。     

多阶段高斯伪谱法在编队最优控制中的应用

针对编队协同攻击时间最优控制问题,首先通过分析编队协同攻击作战过程,将编队协同攻击任务划分为编队形成、编队保持和协同攻击三个阶段。在简化控制延迟与效率的基础上,建立三阶段通用的空间运动方程。然后结合各阶段的任务特点,综合考虑弹间防碰、期望队形参数、交班误差、导弹自身控制限制,及攻击目标精度等因素,建立各阶段的最优控制模型。基于高斯伪谱法,提出编队形成-保持-攻击一体化的时间最优控制算法。通过大量仿真,在合理选择勒让德-高斯（LG）节点的前提下,利用该方法可快速得到优化的控制指令,弹道及约束性能的仿真结果显示,编队协同攻击全过程可满足任务需求及相应约束限制,校验了算法的可行性。     

闰秒过程中部分北斗授时时钟显示错误分析

2012年12月北斗二号卫星导航系统开通服务以来,已经广泛为通信、电力、金融等诸多领域提供授时服务,但是在2015年6月30日和2016年12月31日两次闰秒调整期间,也出现了部分北斗授时时钟时间显示错误问题。从北斗时钟授时基本原理入手,详述了北斗系统的闰秒调整策略,闰秒调整前后各个阶段的BDT与UTC转换方法,以2016年12月31日的闰秒调整为例,分析了部分北斗时钟闰秒过程时间显示错误的原因,并给出了正确的算法,为用户正确应用北斗授时提供借鉴。     

An improved cyclic multi model-eXtreme gradient boosting (CMM-XGBoost) forecasting algorithm on the GNSS vertical time series

The study of GNSS vertical coordinate time series forecasting is helpful for monitoring the crustal plate movement, dam or bridge deformation monitoring, and global or regional coordinate system maintenance. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm is a machine learning algorithm that can evaluate features, and it has a great potential and stability for long-span time series forecasting. This study proposes a multi-model combined forecasting method based on the XGBoost algorithm. The method constitutes a new time series as features through the fitting and forecasting results of the forecasting model. The XGBoost model is then used for forecasting. In addition, this method can obtain higher precision forecasting results through circulation. To verify the performance of the forecasting method, 1095 epochs of data in the Up coordinate of 16 GNSS stations are selected for the forecasting test. Compared with the CNN-LSTM model, the experimental results of our forecasting method show that the mean absolute error (MAE) values are reduced by 30.23 %～52.50 % and the root mean square error (RMSE) values are reduced by 31.92 %～54.33 %. The forecasting results have higher accuracy and are highly correlated to the original time series, which can better forecast the vertical movement of the GNSS stations. Therefore, the forecasting method can be applied to the up component of the GNSS coordinate time series.     

Predicting lean blow-off of bluffbody stabilized flames based on Damköhler number

Lean Blow-Off(LBO) prediction is important to propulsion system design. In this paper,a hybrid method combining numerical simulation and Da(Damk?hler) model is proposed based on bluffbody stabilized flames. In the simulated reacting flow, Practical Reaction Zone(PRZ) is built based on OH radical concentration, and it is considered to be the critical zone that controls LBO.Da number is obtained based on the volume-averaged parameters of PRZ. The flow time scale(s_f)indicates the residence time of the fresh mixture flowing through the PRZ. It is obtained based on the characteristic length and volume-averaged axial velocity of the PRZ. The chemical time scale(s_c) indicates the shortest time needed to trigger the reaction of the mixture. It is obtained by commercial software CHEMKIN through monitoring the transient variation of the reactor temperature. The result shows that the average Da number under different LBO conditions is 1.135(the Da number under each LBO condition ranges from 0.673 to 1.351). This indicates that the flow time scale and chemical time scale are comparable. The combustion is in a critical state where LBO is easy to occur. With the increase of the fuel mass flow rate(the global fuel/air ratio increases from 0.004761 to 0.01095), s_f increases from 0.001268 s to 0.007249 s, and s_c decreases from 0.00124 s to0.00089 s. Accordingly, Da number increases from 1.023 to 8.145, which shows that the combustion becomes more stable. The above results show that the method proposed in the present study can properly predict the LBO limits of combustors, which provides important technical supports for combustor design and optimization.