利用增量相位和星光仰角增强XNAV

针对X射线脉冲星导航系统(XNAV)中过程噪声统计特性难以准确获取,对其不当假设导致滤波器估计性能不佳的问题,提出基于自适应差分卡尔曼滤波器(ADDF)的多信息融合算法。为了降低导航误差,在传统脉冲星计时观测的基础上,增加恒星星光仰角及两个时刻间的相位增量观测量,共同增强XNAV。首先,分别建立计时观测模型、相位增量模型及星光仰角模型;然后将多信息测量模型集成到卫星轨道动力学方程中,以建立ADDF滤波模型;最后对所提方法进行仿真验证。实验结果表明,在相同的初始状态和初始噪声误差条件下,与传统X射线脉冲星导航算法相比,多信息融合算法能将导航位置估计精度提高70%以上,位置估计误差降低到 200 m 左右,速度估计精度提高40%以上,且ADDF性能优于无迹卡尔曼滤波器。     

FADS压力传感器延迟补偿

嵌入式大气数据传感器系统通过在飞行器各部位的压力传感器阵进行工作,当大气密度较低时,压力传感器延迟时间过长,致使FADS测量精度减低,甚至无法正常工作.通过对压力传感器延迟产生的机理进行分析,提出相位超前校正网络延迟补偿的方法,合理选取超前校正网络参数,并适当减小连接压力传感器与机体表面的细管长度,可以有效减小传感器延迟,使FADS的可使用空域由35km增大到60km.相位超前校正网络延迟补偿方法具有效果明显且易于工程实现的优点.     

基于光纤以太网的高精度分布式授时技术

White Rabbit(WR)时钟同步技术是综合了同步以太网、精密定时协议(IEEE1588v2)和数字相位测量技术而发展的分布式同步授时技术,能够实现数千米范围内多节点亚纳秒精度的时钟分发。该技术兼容标准以太网协议,不占用额外网络带宽,与数据链路直接集成,结构简单成本低。介绍了White Rabbit技术的基本技术原理及初步应用方法,并给出了各种拓扑结构下的测试结果。采用White Rabbit能很好地解决各种长距离多节点高精度授时需求,能够作为地基增强导航系统的关键支撑技术。     

Median filtering algorithms for multichannel detectors

Particle detectors of worldwide networks are continuously measuring various secondary particle fluxes incident on Earth surface. At the Aragats Space Environmental Center (ASEC), the data of 12 cosmic ray particle detectors with a total of ∼280 measuring channels (count rates of electrons, muons and neutrons channels) are sent each minute via wireless bridges to a MySQL database. These time series are used for the different tasks of off-line physical analysis and for online forewarning services. Usually long time series contain several types of errors (gaps due to failures of high or low voltage power supply, spurious spikes due to radio interferences, abrupt changes of mean values of several channels or/and slowly trends in mean values due to aging of electronics components, etc.). To avoid erroneous physical inference and false alarms of alerting systems we introduce offline and online filters to “purify” multiple time-series. In the presented paper we classify possible mistakes in time series and introduce median filtering algorithms for online and off-line “purification” of multiple time-series.     

双混频时差测量系统设计中的理论和技术问题

从分析双混频时差(DMTD)测量系统的测量误差着手,对系统设计和使用中常磁到的一些理论和技术问题进行了探讨,这涉及到公共源的影响、移相器的作用、自校和测量中的其它问题。     

飞行中大气瞬时温度的获取

根据＊＊飞机上，ＣＷ－１００２和Ⅱ－５的试飞结果，对两种产品的性能做了对比分析；对飞行中大气温度的获取方法提出了的新意见。     

多任务在轨服务模块化智能航天器技术研究

首先介绍了在轨服务技术的分类及国内外近期研究进展,结合各国已开展项目的验证情况,分析了在轨服务模式、适应多任务在轨服务航天器的发展思路。为适应卫星发射和在轨服务的任务需要,提出了多任务服务航天器的方案设想,以期降低在轨服务操作的难度,提升在轨服务系统执行多任务的能力。最后初步分析了用于演示验证任务的服务航天器总体参数及任务规划。     

基于农业现代化的农业保险服务体系建设

“十八大”报告提出未来我国农业发展要走新型农业现代化之路。农业现代化将带来农业生产方式的根本转变,即传统农业向现代农业转变。以规模化、机械化、专业化和产业化为特征的现代农业将催生包括全面风险保障、金融、技术与信息服务在内的多样化的农业保险需求。而现行的农业保险不能有效满足新的保险需求,这就要求农业保险创新服务内容和服务方式,即未来农业保险要向农业综合服务转变,为促成这一转变,需要针对现行农业保险服务体系存在的问题从六个方面来完善农业保险服务体系建设。     

Noise analysis of continuous GPS coordinate time series for CMONOC

The Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) is one of the major scientific infrastructures, mainly using Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements, to monitor crustal deformation in the Chinese mainland. In this paper, decade-long coordinate time series of 26 continuous GPS sites of CMONOC are analyzed for their noise content using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). We study the noise properties of continuous GPS time series of CMONOC for the unfiltered, filtered solutions and also the common mode signals in terms of power law plus white noise model. In the spatial filtering, we remove for every time series a common mode error that was estimated from a modified stacking of position residuals from other sites within ∼1000 km of the selected site. We find that the common mode signal in our network has a combination of spatially correlated flicker noise and a common white noise with large spatial extent. We demonstrate that for the unfiltered solutions of CMONOC continuous GPS sites the main colored noise is a flicker process, with a mean spectral index of ∼1. For the filtered solutions, the main colored noise is a general power law process, indicating that a major number of the filtered regional solutions have a combination of noise sources or local effects. The velocity uncertainties from CMONOC continuous GPS coordinate time series may be underestimated by factors of 8–16 if a pure white noise model is assumed. In addition, using a white plus flicker noise model, the median values of velocity errors for the unfiltered solutions are 0.16 (north), 0.17 (east) and 0.58 (vertical) mm/yr, and the median values for the filtered solutions are 0.09 (north), 0.10 (east) and 0.40 (vertical) mm/yr.